wh movement 4 oct. 22, 2012 – day 22 introduction to syntax anth 3590/7590 harry howard tulane...
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WH movement 4Oct. 22, 2012 – Day 22Introduction to Syntax
ANTH 3590/7590
Harry Howard
Tulane University
Course management
http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/ANTH3590/ We need to spend our $150 from the
Provost’s Undergraduate Activities Fund.
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Multiple wh-questionsRadford §5.8
§5.9 Summary
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INTRODUCTION TO MULTIPLE WH
Some data (58)a) He might think who has done what?b) Who might he think has done what?c) What might he think who has done?d) Who what might he think has done?e) What who might he think has done?
Discussion How would you describe these data? Only one wh-word can move to the specifier of
C at a time. But which one? Maybe the closest one to C.
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**
*
SUPERIORITY C appears to attract the highest wh-word. The Attract Closest Condition (78)
A head which attracts a given kind of constituent attracts the closest one.
This condition can be seen as a consequence of economy: move the smallest constituent possible the shortest distance possible.
Adding the requirement of the Chain Uniformity Condition that only a maximal projection be attracted to a specifier, leads to:
The Wh-Attraction Condition (79) An edge feature on C attracts the smallest possible
maximal projection containing the closest wh-word to spec-C.
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CPVthink
C’
C[TNS, EF]
ø
TPC[EF]
PRNwho
Vdo
C’
T’
PRNwhat
VP
VPT3sPast
CP
Tmight
T’
TP
PRhe
STRUCTURE FOR GOOD MULTIPLE WH MOVEMENT 1
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------
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PRNwho
------might+
-----
----
-----
PRNwho
CPVthink
C’
C[TNS, EF]
ø
TPC[EF]
PRNwho
Vdo
C’
T’
PRNwhat
VP
VPT3sPast
CP
Tmight
T’
TP
PRhe
STRUCTURE FOR BAD MULTIPLE WH MOVEMENT 1
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------
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PRNwhat
------might+
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PRNwhat
The conditions
Complementizer condition Interrogative condition Chain uniformity condition Attract smallest condition Economy condition Left branch condition Impenetrability condition Freezing constraint Attract closest condition Wh-attraction condition
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RELATIVIZED MINIMALITY
A constituent can only be affected by the minimal (read “closest”) constituent of the relevant type above it. (61) A head can only be attracted to the closest head
position above it. A phrase can only be attracted to the closest
phrasal position above it.
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