Westward ExpansionChapter 9

The Market Revolution

Chapter 9.1

Do Now:

1) What was the Market Revolution?

2) How did inventions help the economy during the market revolution?

Section 2: Manifest DestinyMain Idea: Americans moved west, energized by their belief in their rightful expansion of the United States from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

Do Now: Please list all observations you can in bullet form about the picture.

Manifest Destiny

● Americans believed movement westward was destined by God○ Go to the Pacific and into

Mexican territory

Why move?● Personal economic problems● Panic of 1837 - fresh start● Abundance of land● New markets

○ Oregon territory - trade with Asia

Expansion in Texas

Section 3

Main Idea: Mexico offered land grants to American settlers, but conflict developed over religion and other cultural differences, and the issue of slavery.

Do Now: Why do you think Americans would want to travel to modern day Texas back in the 1800s?

Background

● Mexican Independence from Spain in 1821● Texas

○ Few Mexicans had moved there○ Avoid Native American conflict

● Presidios (forts)

● Tejanos (settlers)

Impact of Mexican Independence● Trade with US increased● Mexico had a difficult time controlling

territory○ Lose control of northern regions

■ Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, etc.

Apache Warrior

Longhorn Cattle

Mexico Invited U.S. Settlers

● Empresarios offered large land grants to American settlers○ ‘21, ‘23, & ‘24○ obey Mexican Law○ Roman Catholicism

Stephen Austin in Texas

● American empresario● Colony between Brazos and Colorado Rivers● 297 land grants

U.S. Wants Texas

● The U.S. offered to buy Texas from Mexico.○ Mexico refused and began to regret their hospitality

Texas Fights For Independence

Santa Anna and Stephen Austin● Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (Mex. Pres)● Stephen Austin went to Mexico City to ask for

self-government in Texas○ arrested for treason

The Alamo and Goliad● Fort Alamo - February-March 1836

○ 187 Americans killed.○ Davy Crockett - raccoon cap

with long tail○ Jim Bowie - razor sharp Bowie

knife

● Goliad - Santa Anna continued and executed 300 rebels

The Lone Star Republic● Battle of San Jacinto on April 21st, 1836.

○ Shouted “Remember the Alamo!”○ Killed 630 Mexicans 18 minutes and captured Santa Anna

● Treaty of Velasco○ Texas gained independence

● Republic of Texas created○ Sam Houston as President

Texas Joins The Union● 1838 Houston asked the U.S. to annex Texas

○ North and South debated

● In 1844, James K. Polk was elected President○ December 29th, 1845 - Texas becomes the 28th state.

● Mexico is upset!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkdF8pOFUfI

Section 4: Mexican American War

Class Web Diagram terms:

James Polk Rio Grande Stephen Kearney Declaration of WarSpot Resolution Republic of California New Mexico Robert E. leeVera Cruz Gold rush Wilmot Proviso Zachary TaylorCalifornia John C. Fremont Northern and Southern view of the warMatamoros Santa Anna Gadsden Purchase Sutter's MillSan Francisco Mexico City Manifest Destiny Ulysses S GrantWinfield Scott 49ers Guadalupe-Hildago