wellness promotion: a focus on mental health€¦ · substance use disorders 5 247 million people...
TRANSCRIPT
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Wellness Promotion: A Focus on MENTAL Health
Dr S M Chirisa MBchB (UZ), DMH (UZ) M.MedPsych (UZ)
Walking with you to a brighter future.
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Definitions
As defined by World Health Organization (WHO):
• Health is a state of complete physical, MENTAL and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
• Mental health is a state of well-being in which every individual realises his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.
Wellness
• The quality or state of being healthy in body and MIND, especially as the result of deliberate effort.
• Making choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life.
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Wellness Programs and Mental Health
• Mental health = Physical health
• Today’s wellness programs focus on helping people improve physical health
• Often missing mental health and emotional wellness
Mental health deserves equal attention especially when considering the COSTS associated with poor mental and emotional health
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Mental Wellness
Poor mental health and stressors contribute to:
• Physical illnesses like hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular conditions, heart disease, back pain, headaches, gastrointestinal disturbances or various minor illnesses through somatization.
• Psychological effects such as anxiety and depression, loss of concentration and poor decision making.
• Burn-out amongst employees, seriously affecting their ability to contribute meaningfully in both their personal and professional lives.
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Substance Use Disorders
5
247 million people used drugs in the past year
29 million suffer from drug use disorders
but only 1 in 6 people with drug use disorders is in treatment.
(World Drug Report 2016, PP x)
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Substance Dependence Disorders
• Intoxication
• Physical dependence
• Psychological dependence
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Common Mental Disorders
Crisis Management:
Suicide / para-suicide
Hysteria
Psychosomatic conversion
Family disputes
Depression
Bipolar Affective Disorder
Anxiety
Panic Attacks
Schizophrenia
Obesity
Anorexia/Bulimia Nervosa
Child Assessments:
IQ Tests (WISC V, JSAIS, ISGSA) - Intellectual disability
Developmental tests (Griffiths, school readiness)
Attention (Conner's, Tea-ch)
Adaptive functioning (Vineland's II)
Autism (ADOS ).
Specific learning disorders (dyslexia, dyscalculia)
Visual – Motor integration (Beery)
Postpartum Depression
Insomnia
Dementia
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Paedophilia
ADHD/ADD
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Causes of Mental Health Disorders
Socio-political factors:
Socioeconomic disadvantage
War and conflict
Stress
Resilience.
Biological factors:
Physical disorders Genetic factors Changes in brain structure,
neuropharmacology and functional imaging.
In-utero birth problems Infection (e.g. Syphilis, HIV) Post myocardial infarction Endocrine disturbance Cerebro-vascular Latrogenic factors
Social factors:
Cultural factors
Religion
Families
Neighbourhoods and housing
Work and school
Life events that are not a normal expected part of life
Environmental factors.
Psychological factors:
Personality types
Attachment
Self-esteem
Intelligent quotient (IQ)
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Management of Mental Health Disorders
Rehabilitation models:
• Traditional Inpatient Treatment
• Medical Detox
• Private Admissions
• 12-Steps Fellowships AA
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Management of Mental Health Disorders
• High Staff morale and engagement
• Productivity and profits in the workplace
• Interpersonal relationships among employees
• Skills and experience retention
• Reduce staff turnover
• Absenteeism
• Poor performance and accidents due to human error
• Healthcare costs
A mentally healthy :
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Challenges Being Faced
Doctors, both specialists and GPs are missing psychiatric problems
Lack of support:
• to patients,
• to existing mental health facilities
• stigma
• lack of access to help.
Funding
• under of funding
• negative attitude by funders towards mental health compared to physical illness.
Lack of access to needed medication
Lack of prevention/wellness programs of mental illness
Limited mental healthcare facilities at good standards.
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What Can We Do?
• MENTAL HEALTH AWARENESS drives to increase awareness and reduce stigmatization
• Identification of mental health illnesses and refer to trained practitioners
• More positive attitude towards mental health by medical aid funders and better benefits to clients.
• Employers focus on mental health by ensuring that employees have access to mental health benefits, awareness and intervention programs.
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Community Involvement - Rehabilitation
Highlands Halfway House (HHH)
• Zimbabwe’s first private psychiatric facility, with admission facilities; and workplace and community programs.
• 18 bed community rehabilitation facility.
• Multi-disciplinary approach.
• HHH has conducted wellness workplace programs with over 10 local companies.
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Well-ness Interventions:
1) Corporate-wide mental health intervention programs
2) Wellness days
3) Stress surveys and management
4) Life skills training e.g. problem solving, goal setting
5) Alcohol and substance use disorder management
6) Retrenchment and retirement preparation
7) Treatment of existing illnesses
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Other Mental Health Services
• Outpatient management
• Couples counselling
• Family therapy
• Individual counselling
• Management of HIV/AIDS related psychiatric conditions (HIV/AIDS induced psychosis, depression)
• Anti-stigma campaigns associated with mental health
• Mental health promotion
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Thank You