welcome to the pathology of the kidney alidx.html
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Welcome to the
Pathology of the kidneyhttp://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/
RENAHTML/RENALIDX.html
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Who am I?
• 90% fused at:• Lower pole
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Who am I?
disorganized architecture, dilated tubules with cuffs of primitive stroma, and an island of cartilage
Multicystic renal dysplasia
Clue: (press now)
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Under congenital anomalies
• Multicystic renal dysplasia
• Characterized histologically by persistence of abnormal structures – cartilage, undifferentiated mesenchyme, immature CDs and abnormal lobar organization
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Cystic diseases of kidney
• Categories
1. Polycystic kidney disease • AD (adult) • AR (childhood)
2. Medullary cystic disease • Medullary sponge • Nephronophthisis (not a real word)
3. Acquired (dialysis- associated)
4. Simple cyst
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Who am I?
• Outcome – benign
• CF – microscopic hematuria
• Pathologic features – single or multiple cysts in normal sized kidneys
• SIMPLE CYSTS
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What disease is this related to?
• Clue (press now)
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ADPKD
• Important cause of hypertension in young adults, and cause of progressive chronic kidney failure
• Cysts develop in cortex and medulla, lined by tubular-type cells
• Normal tissue exits around cysts but often show nephroscleorosis and chronic interstitial nephropathy
• Cysts are filled with clear serous fluid or sometimes hemorrhagic fluid
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Who am I?
• The cysts have uniform lining of cuboidal cells, reflecting origin from CD
• Enlarged kidneys, smooth external surface
• Dilated elongated channels are present at right angles to cortical surface
ARPKD
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Which is medullary sponge kidney
and which is acquired cystic
disease?
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Tumors
Click icon to add picture
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Benign
• Renal papillary adenoma
• Angiomyolipoma
• Oncocytoma
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What is this?
• Renal cortical adenoma
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Malignant tumours
• Renal cell carcinoma
• Where do they arise from?
• Arise from tubular epithelium
• What are some risk factors?
• RF: • Smoking • Obesity (in females) • Hypertension• Unopposed estrogen therapy • Exposure to asbestos, petroleum, heavy metals
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What type of RCC am I?
• Clear cell
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What are the other types of RCC?
• Papillary carcinoma
• Chromophobe
• Collecting duct
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Who am I?
• I present often as abdominal mass
• I am paler, more fleshy and more uniform than other RCC
• I present most commonly between the age of one and four
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Urinary tract obstruction and stones
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Define hydronephrosis
• Dilation of renal pelvis and calycese associated with progressive atrophy of kidney due to obstruction to outflow of urine
• What are some common causes of obstruction?
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What am I?
• What are the 4 types?
• Calcium oxalate and phosphate
• Magnesium ammonium phosphate
• Uric acid
• Cystine