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Welcome to the
Final Conference
Thursday 29th June,
Volvo Trucks Experience Centre,
Gothenburg, Sweden
This project has received funding from the European Commission through the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170.
Welcome to the Final Conference
By the Project Coordinator
Paul Adams
Volvo
This project has received funding from the European Commission through the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170.
Welcome to the Volvo Trucks Experience Centre
By the Centre Manager
Örjan Duart
Volvo
www.transformers-project.eu
This project has received funding from the European Commission through the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170.
Final Conference, 29th June 2017 Agenda – Morning Sessions
09.30 Project Introduction Volvo, Uniresearch
10.00 End User Requirements Procter & Gamble
10.25 The TRANSFORMERS Vehicles • Hybrid-on-demand
Fraunhofer IVI, Schmitz Cargobull, Volvo, Bosch
11.00 Coffee & poster exhibition -
11.30 The TRANSFORMERS Vehicles (cont.) • Load optimisation • Aerodynamics • Presentation of the vehicles
Schmitz Cargobull, Van Eck, Volvo
12.05 Impact on the Highway Infrastructure IFSTTAR
12.35 Lunch -
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Welcome 5
Final Conference, 29th June 2017 Agenda – Afternoon Sessions
13.20 Vehicle viewing & moveable roof demo Fraunhofer LBF, Van Eck,
13.50 Results & conclusions from TRANSFORMERS • Testing • Holistic simulation • Evaluation & conclusions • Q&A
DAF, IRU, TNO, Uniresearch, Virtual Vehicle, Volvo
15.20 Aeroflex - Introduction MAN (Ben Kraaijenhagen)
15.30 Coffee, vehicle viewing & moveable roof demo Fraunhofer LBF, Van Eck
16.00 Key note speech: Future transport solutions - the Volvo Group journey ahead
Lars Stenqvist Chief Technology Officer, Volvo Group Executive Vice President, Volvo Group Trucks Technology
16.20 Panel Discussion P&G (Sergio Barbarino), SCB (Bernd Meurer), Volvo (Lars Stenqvist), DAF (Jack Martens), IFSTTAR (Bernard Jacob), TNO (Rik Baert), IRU (Marc Billiet)
16.55 Closure of the day Volvo
17.00 Reception -
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Welcome 6
Can we make significant transport efficiency improvements by
understanding customer requirements, and providing a total, mission adaptable
transport solution?
29th June 2017 7 TRANSFORMERS - Welcome
www.transformers-project.eu
This project has received funding from the European Commission through the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170.
Introduction to the Consortium
Cor van der Zweep
Uniresearch
EC co-funded project (FP7) FP7-SST-2013-RTD-1
GC.SST.2013-5: Configurable and adaptable truck
Proposal submitted: Nov 2012
Start & finish : Sep 2013 - Aug 2017
Project length: 4 years
Total project budget: ~€8M
Total funding from the EC: ~€5M EC
13 partners, 6 countries
Project Details
TRANSFORMERS - Introduction to the Consortium Slide 9 29th June 2017
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Introduction to the Consortium Slide 10
Use cases and End user requirements
Holistic Simulation
End User group
Infrastructure aspects
Third parties
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Introduction to the Consortium Slide 11
External efforts
Energy efficiency ”Hybrid-on-Demand” Trailer
Demonstration, validation and evaluation
Load optimisation “Mission Adaptable” Trailer
Truck Manufacturers Trailer Manufacturers Supplier End Users
Research Organisations Service Supplier
Thank you for your attention!
This project has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170
www.transformers-project.eu
Slide 12
www.transformers-project.eu
This project has received funding from the European Commission through the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170.
PROJECT OVERVIEW
Paul Adams
Volvo
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 14
Understanding End User Needs
EU Haulage Costs
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 15
Fuel costs
Chevron
Driver costs
Other costs
Fuel costs
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 16
Potential Energy Recuperation
Due to
traffic
Due to topography
Weight limited - Volume
capacity under utilised
Perfect weight and volume utilisation
Volume limited - Weight
capacity under utilised
GCW: 40t Max. length: 16.5 m
Payload: ~26t or 85 - 90m³ vol.
Loading Efficiency
EXAMPLE COMMODITIES DENSITY (kg/m3)
HEAVY Construction materials 700-790 Liquids 600-1000 IDEAL Beer crates with empty bottles 300 LIGHT Parcels 150 White goods, e.g. refrigerators 130 Plastic foam 40
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 17
*EU-27 Data, 2012
Target Market
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 18
0 200000 400000 600000
Liquid bulk goods
Dry bulk goods
Large containers
Other containers
Palletised goods
Pre-slung goods
Road mobile, self-propelled units
Road mobile, non self propelled…
Other cargo not elsewhere…
Millions of Tonne-kilometre
Less than 50 km
From 50 to 149 km
From 150 to 499 km
500 km or over
Palletised Goods
*EU-27 Data, 2012
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 19
~ 40%* of goods in the
EU are transported on
pallets
An overall 25% reduction of energy (CO2) use per tonne km
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 20
Project Goal
Total Transport Solution
Complete vehicle
Reduced fuel consumption
Increased loading efficiency
Innovation Areas
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 21
Mission
Adaptability
Whole Vehicle
Combination
Aerodynamics
Trailer Mounted
Electric Driveline
“Hybrid-on-Demand”
Load Capacity Optimisation
Load Optimisation ~ 3-40%
Whole Vehicle Aerodynamics
~ 8%
Hybrid-on-
demand ~ 3 – 5%
Within current regulatory framework
Quick to market, standard, wide market reach
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 22
Mission adaptable
Our Targets
Did we reach our goal of a
25% reduction of energy use per tonne.km?
08/06/2016
End User Requirements Broad end user group >
Industry needs & use cases
Holistic Simulation Tools Simulation of the
truck/trailer driveline
Energy Efficiency ”Hybrid on Demand” Trailer
Final Results Validation & evaluation
OEM Tests Extensive track & road testing
Loading Efficiency Tests Testing with a transport
operator
Infrastructure & Regulatory Framework
Effects on the highway infrastructure
Load OptimisationTrailer
Work Structure
Our Solutions: Ingenious to Complex
Wikipedia
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Project Overview 24
Engine 1 Engine 2
Wikipedia
Engine 1 Engine 2
Ingenious load optimisation
Complex distributed driveline
Safety critical
World first?
Truck Manufacturers Trailer Manufacturers Supplier End Users
Research Organisations Service Supplier
This project has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170
www.transformers-project.eu
25
Thank you for your attention!
www.transformers-project.eu
This project has received funding from the European Commission through the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 605170.
End user requirements Road freight statistics
Key Performance Indicators
Defining use case
Adithya Hariram
Procter & Gamble
29/06/2017
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 27
To understand requirements
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 28
56.5% of the goods transported in Tn.km are
greater than 300 kilometers.
Accounting for 11.9% of all the tonnage.
At what distances were goods transported
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 29
56.57% of the goods transported in Tn.km are
greater than 300 kilometers.
64.4% of the goods transported in Tonnes are Dry Bulk Goods
and Palletized goods.
56.57% of the goods transported in Tn.km are
greater than 300 kilometers.
62.66% of the goods transported in Tn.km were palletized and dry
goods.
How the goods were packed and carried
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 30
Transport of goods by Vehicle Age (Million tonne-kilometre (TKM))
Transport of goods by Vehicle Age (Million vehicle-kilometres (VKM))
Age profile of the tractor carrying goods
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 31
Common profile of the trailers
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 32
The top 5 goods mainly carried
Total Transport Volumes
25% of Tonnage 12% of Tonnage 12% of Tonnage
Metal ores and other mining and quarrying
products; peat;
Food products, beverages and
tobacco
Other non metallic mineral products
9.1% of Tonnage
Products of agriculture, hunting,
and forestry; fish
Secondary raw materials;
municipal wastes
7.8% of Tonnage
1 2 4 3 5
17.2% of Tn.km 11.1% of Tn.km 9.9% of Tn.km
Metal ores and other mining and quarrying
products; peat;
Food products, beverages and
tobacco
Grouped goods: a mixture of types of
goods.
7.8% of Tn.km 7.6% of Tn.km
5 1
Products of agriculture, hunting,
and forestry; fish
2 3
Other non metallic mineral products
4
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 33
The top 5 goods mainly carried
Long Distance Transport Volumes
19.4% of Tonnage 12.7% of Tonnage 10% of Tonnage
Food products, beverages and
tobacco
8.1% of Tonnage
Products of agriculture, hunting,
and forestry; fish
Basic metals; fabricated metal
products
7.9% of Tonnage
1 3
17.9% of Tn.km 11.9% of Tn.km 10.9% of Tn.km
Food products, beverages and
tobacco
Grouped goods: a mixture of types of
goods.
8.8% of Tn.km 8.5% of Tn.km
1
Grouped goods: a mixture of types of
goods.
2 4
Chemicals, chemical products, and man-
made fibers
5
2
Products of agriculture, hunting,
and forestry; fish
3
Basic metals; fabricated metal
products
4
Chemicals, chemical products, and man-
made fibers
5
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 34
Comparing the total to long distance….
58.3% of all the Ton.km moves over
long distance.
Food products, beverages and
tobacco
Basic metals; fabricated metal
products
Chemicals, chemical products, and man-
made fibers
69% of all the Ton.km moves over
long distance.
70.6% of all the Ton.km moves over
long distance.
Grouped goods: a mixture of types of
goods.
Products of agriculture, hunting,
and forestry; fish
67.2% of all the Ton.km moves over
long distance.
54.6% of all the Ton.km moves over
long distance.
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 35
Engaged with end users
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 36
For current trailer configuration goods with density of ~ 300kgs/m3 gives excellent weight and volume utilization
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 37
How we can collaborate efficiently?
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 38
Net Weight Vs Gross Weight
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 39
Evaluating how a vehicle is filled
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 40
A meshed view showed interlinking in various metrics
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 41
Performance indicators link the topline metric to business outcomes through environmental benefits, societal benefits, transport efficiency, resource efficiency, capacity optimization and closes the loop back to the frontline.
Driver Comfort
Safety and Limitations
Loading Parameters
Vehicle Uptime
Operational Parameters
Transport Efficiency
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 42
Key performance indicators
Details on KPIs available in the Poster, where we differentiate between main KPIs and soft KPIs
“Soft” KPI’s are relevant to end users in general but not tested nor measured during the scope of TRANSFORMERS due to time limits and technological maturity of the project.
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements
Slide 43
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements
Slide 44
Road where trucks are significant
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 45
Route Profiles
Traffic Condition
Terrain Type
Road Conditions
Driving Cycles
Load Profile
Battery Aerodynamic
Profile
Free Flow Flat Wind Aggressive Fully Loaded New/Old No roof deflector
Diversion
Hilly
Ideal Normal Partly Loaded
Hot/Cold
Standard roof
deflector position
Congestion Snow/Rain Idling time Empty Low roof deflector
position
Bruges – Calais Paris – Bordeaux
29/06/2017 TRANSFORMERS – End user requirements Slide 46
Loading and unloading test
Multiple loading and unloading operations need to be done to measure the opportunities and challenges with load optimized
semi-trailer.
Truck Manufacturers Trailer Manufacturers Supplier End Users
Research Organisations Service Supplier
Thank you for your attention
Questions?
This project has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 605170
www.transformers-project.eu
Slide 47
www.transformers-project.eu
This project has received funding from the European Commission through the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 605170.
THE TRAILERS Hybrid on Demand
Load Optimisation
Aerodynamics
Mission Adaptability
Sofia Löfstrand
Volvo
June 29, 2017
29/6/2017 TRANSFORMERS – THE TRAILERS Slide 49
Truck Manufacturers Trailer Manufacturers Supplier End Users
Research Organisations Service Supplier
Thank you for your attention
Questions?
This project has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 605170
www.transformers-project.eu
Slide 50
www.transformers-project.eu
This project has received funding from the European Commission through the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170.
HoD: Hybrid-on-Demand
B. Queckenstedt – Schmitz Cargobull
S. Wagner – Fraunhofer IVI
A. Selas – Bosch
Mechanical integration
System concept and development
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 52
Hybrid-on-Demand Concept & Development
Hybrid-on-Demand – The Concept
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 53
Stage 1: Uni-directional communication
Stage 2: Bi-directional communication
HoD-Trailer operates with all legacy trucks of any brand
Trailer Driveline Management System (TDMS) controls recuperation and propulsion
HoD-Trailer fully integrates into holistic Vehicle Energy Management Systems
TDMS provides a propulsion and braking device to the truck
Trailer only receives data
Trailer sends & receives data
VCU
TDMS
ESU
EMG
Hybrid-on-Demand – And what about Demand?
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 54
Optimal configuration for the transport mission
Number of e-motor/generators (EMG) and batteries (ESU)
HoD Signal RoutingEnergy FlowExisting InterfacesScope of Framework
VCU
Truck EBS
Trailer EBS
EBS-Interface(J1939)
ISO11992-2
EMGn EMGn EMGn
ESUn
ESUn
EMG-Interface
ESU-Interface
Gate-way
VCU-Interface(ISO11992-3)
TDMSwith TEMS
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 55
The Hybrid-on-Demand Framework
Pre-Standard Communication framework
EBS-Interface
EMG-Interface
ESU-Interface
VCU-Interface for Stage 1
Based on ISO 11992
VCU-Interface for Stage 2
New standard required!
Hybrid-on-Demand Framework
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 56
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 57
Electric Driveline
Objectives for the HoD in SCB demonstrator
Fuel consumption reduction: ~5 % due to the HoD
Additional mass of max. 1t
Keep it simple: Modular integration based on adaptation of available components
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 58
HoD Electric Driveline
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 59
Cardan Shaft
High Speed electric machine w. 4:1 reduction box including clutch an clutch actuation
Standard Drive axle ratio 2.93:1, Tyres385/65 R22,5, Brakes Wabco PAN19, special rims
Driveline set-up
Self contained 22kWh Li-Ion battery pack
Technical Specs HoD
Nom. energy content 22 kWh
System electric power up to 80 kW 80
Max. torque 200 Nm
Overall ratio 11.72:1
Total add on weight HoD: ~ 1140 kg
Technical Specs
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 60
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 61
Mechanical Integration
Mechanical integration HoD
Battery incl. cooling system
EMG and Transferbox Integration of drive axle
EMG cooling
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 62
Mechanical integration HoD
Axle integration “Powerpack” integration
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 63
Ride height = 297 mm
Distance 2. axle to cardan shaft 70 mm
Axle integration
SCB
Meritor
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 64
“Powerpack” integration
Inverter
EMG and gearbox
Cardan shaft
Special rim Drive axle
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 65
Elastomer bushing
Elastomer bushing
Battery integration
Batterybox between the two main beams • Safest place in crash situation • Space of palette box is used
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 66
HoD overview
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 67
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 68
Safety Concept and Registration
Due to public road testing Safety assessment
Development process followed ISO 26262
Applied regulations
ECE R10 – Electro Magnetic Conformity
ECE R13 – Brake Systems
ECE R100 – Battery Driven Electric Vehicles
Safety measures for demonstrator
Emergency switch, Clutch, extended Trailer Braking system, mutual ECU checking
On-Track handling & braking tests
Safety First!
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 69
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 70
Commissioning and Testing
Compressed commissioning by IVI, SCB, Volvo, DAF and Bosch
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 71
Feb. 4th, 2016
Functional integration of EMG & Inverter
Sept. 13 Aug. 17
2015 2014 2016 2017
Key parts delivered Nov. 2015
Start of testing period Sept. 2016
Compressed commissioning by IVI, SCB, Volvo, DAF and Bosch
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 72
March 27th, 2016
ESU integration finished
April 6th, 2016
First roll out
April 20th, 2016
Test drives & system integration
Sept. 13 Aug. 17
2015 2014 2016 2017
Key parts delivered Nov. 2015
Start of testing period Sept. 2016
Compressed commissioning by IVI, SCB, Volvo, DAF and Bosch
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 73
Sept. 13
Aug. 17 2015 2014 2016 2017
Key parts delivered Nov. 2015
Start of testing period Sept. 2016
April 26th, 2016
EMC testing & approval
May to August, 2016
EBS development with Knorr
Compressed commissioning by IVI, SCB, Volvo, DAF and Bosch
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 74
Sept. 13
Aug. 17 2015 2014 2016 2017
Key parts delivered Nov. 2015
Start of testing period Sept. 2016
September 7th, 2016
Body and striping
September 13th, 2016
Final TÜV approval
Registered with additional drivetrain
The Journey of the HoD-Trailer
29th June 2017 TRANSFORMERS - Hybrid-on-Demand Driveline Slide 75
Supplier
Supplier
Consortium
Consortium
Consortium
Consortium
Truck Manufacturers Trailer Manufacturers Supplier End Users
Research Organisations Service Supplier
Thank you for your attention!
Any questions?
This project has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170
www.transformers-project.eu
Slide 76
Welcome to the
Final Conference
Thursday 29th June,
Volvo Trucks Experience Centre,
Gothenburg, Sweden
This project has received funding from the European Commission through the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 605170.