welcome to mrs. wilkinson’s biology 12 power point review
TRANSCRIPT
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Welcome to Mrs. Wilkinson’s BIOLOGY 12 POWER POINT REVIEW
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BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
• Name the molecule on the top left.
• What type of bonding does it have?
• Is it a polar or nonpolar molecule? Why?
• What type of reaction is this?
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• Name diagram A, B, C and D.• Which diagram comprises carbohydrates?
• Which is the unit molecule for DNA?• Diagram A is found in which organic group?
• Which molecule is found in fries?
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• Which of the molecules is found in enzymes?• Name the saturated fatty acid.
• In diagram A the NH2 is the __________group and the COOH is the __________ group.
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• Name A, B, C and D and name a place where they can be found.
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• Name this molecule.
• What type of bonding does it have?
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MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
• What is the X?• Name the letters
that represent the bases and name the bond between them?
• What is the back bone in this molecule?
• What is the shape?• Name the molecule.
What are the crosspieces?
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DNA/RNA• The building blocks or monomers of nucleic
acids are:
1) ________
2) ________: _______ or ______
3) ________: __, __, __, __ for DNA
__, __, __, __ for RNA
• What is complimentary base pairing? What is the bond between the bases?
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• Name W, X, and Y.• What is Z? What is the purpose of Z?
• Name this molecule.• To which organic group does it belong?
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• This process is called _______ _________ because _______________.
• The enzyme that “unzips” the strand is ____.
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This process shown is _________________
• X is the __________.• Y is the __________.• Z is the __________.• Name the bases
found on strand X.• Give two differences
between the double strand and the single strand X.
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A. B.
• Is there a difference between A and B?• Name the process shown?• What do the represent ?• Using the base letters identify the mRNA in A.• Where does this take place?• What is X and give its function?• If DNA is TAC, what will mRNA and tRNA be?
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Given GGG UCG AAC, What will be the resulting sequence of amino acids?
How many RNA codons are required to produce a polypeptide that has 60 amino acids?
Given DNA = TAC GAA AAU, a mutation has occurred such that the leucine was deleted, what is the resulting dipeptide?
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CELL ANATOMY
• Name structures:
U:
V:
W:
X:
Y:
Z:
Then give a function
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• What is this organelle? What is X?
• Where is X made?
• X in this diagram produces _________
• Y produces________• Identify the nucleus &
nucleolus. What is their function?
• What is the nucleolus made of?
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• Name the cell that would most likely be found in the testes.
• Name the cell that would most likely be found in muscle tissue and heart tissue and why?
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CELL MEMBRANE
• In the top diagram what is X?
• Name the process being shown in both diagrams.
• In the bottom diagram what could X be? (think Nervous System)
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ISO-, HYPO, OR HYPER- TONIC?
• What happened in Graph A? Graph B?
• What is happening at 4 minutes in graph B
• Why did the line plateau at 3 minutes in graph A?
• Why does salt kill weeds?
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• What kind of solution were these red blood cells sitting in ?
• Explain what allowed for the shape change?
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• Where have you seen this graph before?
• Explain what is happening?
• Where is it isotonic to cells?
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
• Name structures:• U:• V:• W:• X:• Y:• Z:
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• Name the structure that produces pepsin.
• Which structure controls our blood sugar level?
• Bile is made here.• A lack of water in
our body could be due to a malfunctioning of structure _____.
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ENZYMES
• Denaturation is caused by _____ and ___.
Enzyme pH Location Substrate product
Pepsin 3 protein
Salivary Amylase
mouth
Peptidase Amino Acids
Lipase 8
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• The purpose of bile is to increase the ________ area of _______ and thereby ____________ emulsification.
• What do the villi do? And where are they located?
• The pancreas produces ____________ (breakdown), sodium ___________ (neutralization) and ___________ (sugar uptake)
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• Name the structure that has and acidic environment.
• What is structure W and give its function?
• Name two functions of structure Z.
• The function of U is?
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• Which vessel has valves?
• Which vessel carries out exchange?
• Name the vessel that leaves the left ventricle.
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• This diagram is similar to the previous slide.
• Name:• W:• X:• Y:• Z:• Where would
this be found?
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• Name this organ.
• What is the function of the labelled structures?
• Name the two chambers on either side of W and Z.
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Systole of the ventricles is occurring at _____Systole of the atria is occurring at _______
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• Which structure would contain oxygenated blood?
• Which structure would contain deoxygenated blood?
What is the function of the oval opening, arterial duct, venous duct and umbilical arteries?
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• Structure Z is ______
• Structure Y is ______
• Structure X is ______
• Structure W is ______
• Which structure is part of the lymphatic system
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• Name the two cells shown.• List two differences between the two cells.• What is the function of each of the cells?
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Struct-ure
Name Function
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
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Inhalation/Exhalation
• Exhale: ___________ (dome) relaxes
_________________ relaxes
________ ________ decreases
• Inhale: ____________ contracts
____________contracts up and _____
_________ ___________ increases
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• What is X and give its function?• Identify W and Y.
• What kind of blood is found in W?• What type of blood is found in Y?
• Gas exchange occurs by __________
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RESPIRATION in the capillary
• External: Hb + O2 _______
______ Hb + CO2
HHb Hb + ___
_____ + H+ H2CO3 ___ + CO2
• Internal: HbO2 ___ + O2
___ + ____ HbCO2
Hb + H+ _____
H2O + ___ ______ H2O + CO2
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• What most likely is Z?• Identify X and Y and explain your reasoning
for your answer.
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EXCRETORY SYSTEM• This is a diagram of
a _______• The 3 regions
labelled X, Y and Z are _________.
• In which region would the Loop of Nephron be found?
•What is the function of Z?•W is the ______ and it serves to ______________.
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• This is a ________• Where does
reabsorption take place?
Structure Name Function
W
X
Y
Z
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URINARY SYSTEM
Indicate where the kidney, urethra, ureter and bladder are and briefly give a function
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• Z and Y are found in which region of the kidney?
• Why is region W very salty and concentrated?
• X and W are found in which region of the kidney?
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HORMONES
•Label W, X, Y and Z•Name a hormone that is released from each of these glands
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NERVOUS SYSTEM• Label the following diagram using the words
listed below:
receptor, motor axon, ganglion, interneuron, sensory neuron, sensory axon, sensory dendrite, motor
dendrite
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This graph represents action and resting potential.
• Briefly describe what is happening at the labelled parts W, X, Y and Z.
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• Guess what the above diagram is ?• Label W, X, Y and Z and give a function
• When does the Na+/K+ pump work?• What is the function of the myelin sheath?
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• This whole diagram represents the ________ of the nervous system.
•What is X and give its function?•What is Y and give its function?
•Why are mitochondria found here?•By what means are the “dots” released?
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• This diagram is the _______________
V W X Y Z
Name
Function
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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
• Who is this little guy and what is his job? • What is found in Y and why?
• What does W contain?• The purpose of X is ________
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• X and Y produce two different substances. What are they? What is X and Y’s function?
• X and Y are found in the _____
• The function of Z is to?• What is T’s dual
function?• X makes ____________
which is important because __________
• What is U and its function?
• V carries __________.
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• The structure that is being released is the __________
• Identify structure X and what is its function.• The name of the process is ____________
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• Is this a male or female? (you better get this!)
• The four main parts of the system are listed. Name them and give their function.• Where does fertilization occur?