welcome to deviance and violence seminar 1 welcome course expectations q and a
TRANSCRIPT
Welcome to Deviance and Violence
Seminar 1
WelcomeCourse ExpectationsQ and A
What is Victimology ?
Victimology
The study of crime victims and their relationship to offenders and the criminal justice system.
Victimology attempts to address questions of how crime victims have been exploited, abused, neglected harmed and oppressed in various settings.
Victims Experience Loss and Injury
Physical Economic
Experience Psychological Trauma Stress Anxiety Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Fear of Crime 65% of Americans report fearing crime
because of media influence (Meadows, 2007)
21% of Americans report fearing crime because of personal experience (Meadows, 2007)
Women, Elderly, Poor, and Minorities are more fearful of crime then men. (Meadows, 2007)
Fear Victimization Paradox
Women and Elderly report higher levels of fear but are less likely to be victimized.
This Concept of who is fearful and who should be fearful of victimization is the paradox.
Sources of Data on Crime & Victimization
UCR-
NCVS-
Sources of Data on Crime & Victimization UCR- Uniform Crime Report
Enables law enforcement agencies to exchange information about reported crime
8 Index Crime- (murder, rape, arson, burglary, robbery, larceny, motor vehicle theft and assault)
Dark Figure of Crime
VICAP- Violent Criminal Apprehension Program- Nationwide data center designed to collect, collate and analyze information about crimes of violence.
Sources of Data on Crime & Victimization
NCVS- National Crime Victimization Survey Established to complement the
Recognizes incidents not reported to the police
Tries to address the Dark Figure of Crime
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PAYING FOR THE COST OF CRIME?
Insurance Companies
Government
State Compensation Programs
Taxpayers
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PAYING FOR THE COST OF CRIME?
WHAT ARE THE EMOTIONAL REACTIONS TO VICTIMIZATIONS?
Emotional Reactions to Victimization
PTSD- The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual states that PTSD occurs when a person has been exposed to an extreme traumatic stressor.
Three Categories of PTSD1. Intrusive2. Avoidance3. Hyperarousal
Other types of TraumaBattered Women SyndromeRape Trauma Syndrome
Hans von Hentigs- Victims shapes the criminal and the crime.
Personal factors associated with victimizationSocial
Psychological
Biological
Victimization Theory
Hans von Hentigs-
Twelve Categories of VictimsYoungFemalesElderly Mentally DefectiveImmigrants Minorities
Victimization Theory
Hans von Hentigs-
Twelve Categories of VictimsDull NormalsDepressedAcquisitiveLonesome & HeartbrokenTormentorsBlocked, Exempted, Fighting
Victimization Theory
Victimization Theory Mendelshon- some victims may unintentionally
invite their own victimization, depending on the degree of relationship with the offender Innocent Victim Victim Precipitation Crime
Sellin & Wolfgang-Address situation rather than relationship.
Victimization Theory Cultural Trappings
Victim Precipitation Theory
Broken Windows Theory
Defensible Space Theory
Routine Activity Theory
Stalking What is Stalking?
Why do some people stalk others
What are the ways one can stalk?
Ways to combat stalking?
Intimate Partner Violence Women are at greater risk
Socioeconomically disadvantage Minorities Young Urban setting Low Education
Men are at greater risk to commit IPV Unemployed
Deviance and Violence Seminar 1
Summary
Q and A
What to expect for Unit 2