Welcome Junior Riparian Professional (JRP)& Mekong Institute (MI)

July 28, 2010

ประสบการณ์ลุ่มน้ำ�าน้ำารอ่งหว้ยสามหมอExperience of Huai Sam Mo (HSM) Pilot Sub Basin 

โครงการน้ำารอ่งการวางแผนชุมชนลุ่มน้ำ�าในพื�นที่วกิฤติของ BDPPilot Project in Basin Development Plan (BDP)

HSM is one of twenty sub basins in Chi river basin of the 5T area of lower Mekong. It cover 729 square kilometer and locates in lower part of Chaiyaphum province and Khon Kean province in the Northeast of Thailand. HSM working group was organized in 2005 as pilot project of Chi river basin under the Department of Water Resource Regional Office 4. It is one in 30 pilot sub basin of the country which were managed under the Integrated Water Resource Development Approach (IWRM).In 2006 the Basin Development Plan: BDP of Mekong River Commission supported the participatory sub basin planning process as pilot area of 5T area.

กระบวนการวางแผนชุมชนลุ่มน้ำ�าBasin Planning Process 

Under the IWRM approach, 12 workshops were organized in HSM in 2006 to “study the past, understand present and draw future”. Vision of HSM was identified as “HSM has strong basin organization to manage water resource sustainably, rehabilitate natural resource and environment by community and government”.

Five development strategies were developed. 1. Community water resource development2. Promotion of organic agriculture and income generating activities3. Institutional development and environment rehabilitation4. Development of local curriculums ,local knowledge study and community rules5. Promotion of women and youth’s roles

ต่อยอดงานบรหิารจดัการเป็นระบบลุ่มน้ำ�าโครงการน้ำารอ่งลุ่มน้ำ�าหว้ยสามหมอ Extend to be Watershed Management Huai Sam Mo Pilot Project 

In the past, cattle were used as major worker in the paddle fields. This is an indigenous knowledge of the famers in rural areas. Cattle were also used for transportation for example carts.Because animals had many limitations then machines were applied to agricultural activities. However, machines need fuel which is high investment for farmers. Some farmers faced suffering of loss, heading over heels in debt, losing land and properties. Some families had broken home due to the problems which are mentioned before. Kids had bad circumstance lead them to be drug addict, mental disorder disease. These are social problems of communities and Thai society. Agriculture is one aspect for watershed management. Agricultural activities have to concern the environment of watershed. The holistic approach is an important idea for water resource management. Moreover, the scatter management is not a good solution. For example, try to increase the productivity without assess the impacts from extending cultivation areas. After National Economics and Social Development Plan review, we found that Thailand had started the national economic and social development plan since 1957. Nowadays, our natural resources and environment are changed.

การกลับคืนไปสูร่ากเหง้าท่ีเขม้แขง็Back to the strong roots 

In the past, agricultural production is for household consumption such as integrated farming. It was replaced by modern agriculture using chemical fertilizer, insecticide and herbicide. This caused the decline of soil fertility and poison to water resource. Once we collect natural vegetable and fish for food, we poison ourselves. The expansion of agricultural area which destroys farm forest creates the decline of soil fertility and higher investment cost. As the result, farmers have higher debt from farm investment.

Return buffalo to paddy field, rehabilitate environment, and implement sufficient economyPresently, some buffaloes exist in rural area. However, young buffaloes do not know how to pull the plough any more. It is the same situation with young people who do not know how to plough the land. They know only tractors which use gasoline. We can see trucks on the main roads of the country loaded with buffalo heading to slaughter houses while trucks loaded with tractors heading on the opposite direction. If the Man and buffalo foundation is established, buffaloes will be brought back to paddy field and promotes sufficient economy.

ประสบการณ์ลุ่มน้ำ�าน้ำารอ่งหว้ยสามหมอ บรหิารจดัการทรพัยากรน้ำ�า“ต้องเริม่จากจุลภาค”Experience of Huai Sam Mo Pilot Sub Basin “Water resource management starts from micro level” 

Water is natural resource which changes according to environment. The change in quality and quantity of water will affect ecological system of the basin. River Basin collects some water. River basin management requires holistic understanding of natural resource. We have to adapt ourselves to nature instead of changing nature to fulfill our needs. Water cycle remains the same but rainfall depends on environment. When the environment of this world changes, rainfall also change.That is why we need to adapt ourselves to nature.From HSM experience, water is enough but lacking of water management. The related person do not try to understand the fact. Basin management requires several approaches because the basin can be divided into sub basin and streams which have different characteristics. Therefore, it is important to concentrate on micro level such as farm level. We need to know if the farm has sufficient water or not and what is the quality of water. Farmland with flood problem requires better drainage system while the farm with insufficient of water requires better water distribution system. In any cases, farm pond is important store water during the flood period for using during the dry period.Therefore, it is important to manage water at farm level, sub basin and basin level accordingly.

การขบัเคล่ือนแผนชุมชนลุ่มน้ำ�า1 . แผนยุทธศาสตรแ์หล่งน้ำ�าชุมชน2. แผนยุทธศาสตรเ์กษตรอินทรยี ์อาชพีและรายได้3. แผนยุทธศาสตรส์ง่เสรมิศักยภาพองค์กรลุ่มน้ำ�า และฟื� นฟูสิง่แวดล้อม4. แผนยุทธศาสตรห์ลักสตูรท้องถ่ิน องค์ความรู ้และระเบยีบชุมชน5. แผนยุทธศาสตรส์ง่เสรมิบทบาทสตรแีละเยาวชน

1. Community Water Resource2. Promotion of Organic Agriculture and Income Generating Activities

3. Institutional Development and Environment Rehabilitation4. Local Courses, Local knowledge Study and Community Rules5. Promotion of Woman and Youth Role

The committee proposed five strategies to realize the vision namely;

บทเรยีนลุ่มน้ำ �น้ำ�รอ่งห้วยส�มหมอแนวคิดและหลักการกระบวนการจดัตั�งกระบวนการวางแผนการขบัเคล่ือนแผนยุทธศาสตร์

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ขอ้จ้ำากัดท่ีท้ำาใหอ้งค์กรลุ่มน้ำ�าระดับต่างๆ ยงัไมเ่ขม้แขง็พอ.ก ปัญหาระดับนโยบายของรฐับาลยงัไมช่ดัเจน

๒. ปัญหาท่ีเกิดจากสว่นราชการ สว่นราชการท่ีมีอ้ำานาจหน้าท่ีด้านทรพัยากรน้ำ�ามจี้ำานวนมาก แต่การปฏิบติัไมม่เีอกภาพ ระบบราชการไมส่ามารถบูรณาการกันได้จรงิ ๓. องค์กรลุ่มน้ำ�า ไมม่ีกฎหมายรองรบัอ้ำานาจหน้าท่ี ๔. ประชาชนไมม่คีวามเขา้ใจในบทบาทการมสีว่นรว่ม ขาดโอกาสและขาดกระบวนการเรยีนรู ้

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