welcome [122.252.230.113]122.252.230.113/content/ppt/tele/tb_1hl.pdfquality improvement through...

WELCOME

TELECOM GENERAL PART-1 VER 1.0 1

IRIS

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N. V. Gopala RaoICT-1TTC Lab


TB 1

TELECOM GENERAL

(Part-1)

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PREAMBLE of INDIAN RAILWAY

This Charter is a commitment of the Indian Railway

Administration to:

1. Provide safe and dependable train services

2. Set notified standards for various services wherever

possible

3. Provide courteous and efficient counter services

4. Ensure adequate passenger amenities in train and at

railway stations

5. Set up a responsive and effective grievance redressal

machinery, at various levels for time bound resolution

of complaints and grievances as far as possible.


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IR Organization Structure • MR

• MoSR

• Members of Railway Board

• CRB

• Member - Traction, Staff, Engineering, Rolling stock,

Traffic, S&T, Materials Management and Financial

Commissioner

Director General - Personal, RHS,RPF

Secretary- Estbl. Matters & Admin Matters.

Zonal Railways – GM

Production / Other Units – GM/ CAO

PSUs/ Corp.- CMDTELECOM GENERAL PART-1 VER 1.0 4

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• Railway Board• Zonal Railways : 17• Production Units : 10• R&D : RDSO/Lucknow• Corporate/PS : 10• CTIs : 7

NAIR, VadodaraIRICEN, PuneIREEN, NasikIRIMEE, JamalpurIRISET, SecunderabadIRITM, LucknowIRIFM, Secunderabad

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IRISET: INDIAN RAILWAYS INSTITUTE of

SIGNAL ENGINEERING AND TELECOMMUNICATION

OBJECTIVES

1. Quality improvement through training.

2. Practical Approach of Learning.

3. Signalling and Telecommunication Safety.


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S & T Department

• The role of the Signalling and Telecommunication

Department of the Indian Railways is to provide a modern,

efficient and reliable signalling system for speedy, smooth

and safe running of trains, as well as an effective and reliable

mode of telecommunications.

• This can be achieved by implementing uniform policy, new

technology, asset upgradation and renewal, maintenance,

inspection and human resource development


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• Maintenance and inspection are to be the

cornerstones for ensuring efficient functioning of

equipment.


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Courses for JE/SSE (Telecom)

1. Initial Course for App SSE (Telecom) : ITSE

2. Initial Course for App.JE (Telecom) : ITJE

3. Initial Course for Promoted JE/Telecom

(Intermediate) : ITPE

4. Refresher Course for SSE/JE (Telecom) : RTSJE


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Telecommunication in IR- New Trends

• To give improved telecommunication systems on

Railways, Optical Fibre based communication systems

has been adopted and laying OFC has increased to 7,700

route kilometer this year 2020.

• Rail Tel Corporation has been created to make a

nationwide broadband multimedia network by laying

optical fibre cable along the railway tracks. This system

will provide better operational and passenger amenities

and additional revenue to Railways.


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Knowledge Required

• To perform installation, testing and commissioning finally

maintenance of various types of telecommunication

equipments competently.

• General knowledge of equipments in common use in

Central Office and remote sites, including installation,

testing and commissioning.

• Able to interpret Telecommunication Blue Prints,

Schematics and Specs and able to install equipments

according to specification.


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• Knowledge of ancillary equipment used in telecom

installations, including but not limited to cables,

connectors, steel work and other consumables that

are used on a daily basis.

• Flexible and adaptable. Demonstrate the capability

to be able to multi-task and accommodate a variety

of assignments at various locations on a day-to-day

basis.


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• Computer skills including Microsoft Word, Excel, Power

point .

• Human Resource management.

• Material Management.

• Able to handle emergency situation.

• Data of complete section / assignment/ project.IRIS

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Telecommunication in Indian Railways is divided into 3

major groups:

a) Operational Communication

b) Administrative Communication

c) Passenger Amenities


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Telecom System in Indian Railways

1. Train Traffic Safety Circuits (in 6 quad cable)

2. Train Traffic Safety Communication (VHF, MTRC, TCAS)

3. Train Traffic Communication

(CTO, TPC, RC, TLC, ENGG, Hot Line, Auto TP in OFC)

4. Data Circuits (UTS, PRS, FOIS, RAILNET, DATA LOGGERS)

5. Switching (C-DOT, ISDN, VoIP)


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6. Passenger Amenities: (PA, TIBs, CIBS, POET, DTES-Touch

Screens, FRBS, BSNL phones)

7. Passenger Safety System: (Surveillance System & ISS)

8. Accident site Communication: (ART, ARMV, V-SAT, 6Q-

OFC, VHF, CUG)

9. Alternate Communication for Train Traffic Control:

(BSNL Phones, BSNL Leased lines, CUG )


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Organization in Zonal Railway

• GM

• AGM

• PCSTE

• CSE, CCE, CSTE/Proj, CSTE/P&P, CSTE/C

• Dy.CSTE / T/ HQ

• SSTE / Tele

• SSE/Tele


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Hierarchy of S & T Officialsin a Railway Zone


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Organization in Divisional Railway

• DRM

• ADRM

• Sr. DSTE/Co-ord.

• Sr. DSTE/Sig, Sr. DSTE/Telecom

• DSTE/SW

• ADSTE

• SSE/Sig, SSE/Tele


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Hierarchy of S&T Officials in

Railway Division


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Organization in Field Unit (Sub division)

• DSTE / ADSTE

• SSE/ Sig, SSE/Telecom (Section in charge)

• SSE/JE Telecom (Sub Section in charge)

• Sr. Technician

• Technician Gr-1, 2, 3

• Helper


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Duties of Telecom technicians

(a) Efficient maintenance of all Telecom equipment under

his/her charge.

(b) To attend failures promptly and to rectify the defects

expeditiously.

(c) To ascertain the causes of failures and to take suitable

action to prevent their recurrence.

(d) To carry out new works or alterations to existing works

under the instructions of the Senior Section

Engineer/Junior Engineer (SSE/JE) (Telecom)

(e) To bring to the notice of the SSE/JE (Telecom) any

emergency that may be beyond his/her competence or

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Duties of SSE/JE (Telecom)

(a) Inspection and efficient maintenance of all Telecom

equipments.

(b) Execution of works in connection with additions and

alterations to existing installations and new

installations as per the guidelines issued by

administration.

(c) Carrying out works in an emergency on their own

initiative and responsibility.

(d) SSE (T) has also to maintain Stores, Establishment

matters of staff wherever required.


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Knowledge of Rules and Competency in Technical Work

• Sectional SSE/JE (T) must be fully conversant with the

rules and regulations, instructions, procedures and

practices of installations.

• Should be fully conversant with operation and

maintenance of all installations under his/her charge.


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JE /SSE/Tele should be competent to carry out the

following under open line working conditions:

(a) Additions and alterations to the existing installations

and circuits

(b) New installations

(c) Testing and carrying out alterations to the existing

system

(d) Installation, adjustment and testing of all Telecom

Equipment.

Knowledge of Rules and Competency in Technical Work


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Indian Railway Telecommunication Manual

• Issued by Railway Board

• The latest edition was brought out in Oct.,2007.

• It consists of 29 Chapters and covering entire

telecom of IR.

• The current TM is available in IR website in both

Hindi and English versions.

• Technological changes and advancements in IR

Telecom system – guidelines are under updation in

RB for upcoming new edition.


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Important organisations in Telecom

1. ITU-T, R & D

2. TEC

3. RDSO

4. PTCC

5. WPC

6. SACFA

7. Telecom Directorate of IR


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• The Telecom Directorate of Ministry of Railways,

Government of India, oversees the complete

working of Telecom in Indian Railways.

• It takes care of all the telecommunication

requirement of Indian Railways.

Organization

• DG/S&T

• Addl. Member (Telecom)

• Executive Director (Tele. Dev.)

• Director (Telecom)


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Telecom Policy

• All the Telecom policies decisions are taken in the

Railway Board.

• The information about various Telecom policy decision

taken in the Railway Board will be made available in

Telecom Directorate and circulated to all zonal Railways

and various Railway organisations for implementation.


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Sample Policy Letters (Issued in 2013)

• Telecom Circular No. 10/2013 - Report on most suitable

Protection Scheme for Control Communication Circuits

including SCADA.

• Telecom Circular No. 9/2013 - Proportionate

maintenance charges payable to RCIL for the year 2012-

13.

• Telecom Circular No. 7/2013 - VHF sets-MIL Standard

Compliance.

• Telecom Circular No. 5/2013 - Consolidated instructions

for provision of Display Board for various Passenger

Information System.

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http://tele.rb.railnet.gov.in/raw-attachment/wiki/UpLoads/Tele_Cir_10-2013.pdf




















http://tele.rb.railnet.gov.in/raw-attachment/wiki/UpLoads/Tel-Cir-No-07-2013.pdf




















Classification of stations

• Rules of block system working - Class A, B, C and D.

• Group of Routes in BG (based on traffic density): A, B,

C, D, D Spl & E.

• Standard of Interlocking (based on speed of section):

1 (<50Kmph), 2 (<110 Kmph), 3 (<140 Kmph) and

4 (140-160 Kmph)

• Category of Stations (Commercial Classification- based

on revenue): NSG(1 to 6), SG(1 to3) and HG(1 to 3)


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SN Name of Equipment Working

Voltage

Required Current

1. 25W VHF Set 12V DC 2-3 Amp

2. VF Repeater 12V DC 0.5 Amp

3. Gate Telephone 12V DC 100mA

4. Way Station Control

Telephone

12V DC 100mA

5. STM1/4 OFC Equipment 48V DC 3 Amp

6. PD MUX 48V DC 2 Amp

7. Router 12V DC 3 Amp

8. Switch 12V DC 2 Amp

9. IPIS 230V AC 5 Amps(6 Line)

10. Auto Announcement system 230V AC 5 Amps

11. Digital Clock 230V AC 1 Amp/PF

12. Coach Guidance 230V AC 4 Amp /PF

Typical requirements of Telecom EquipmentPower Supplies at the station


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Unit of the Telecommunications traffic is Erlang (E)

which is named after A.K. Erlang.

The traffic intensity is defined as the average number

of calls in progress.


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V SAT System Architecture

MPLS cloud

Location 3

Location 2

Location 1

HQ

Railtel

2Mbps

OFC Link

H.Q Eqpt. Interfaced to

Exchange & Control Board

(4-wire) /UTS/PRS/FOIS

VSAT HUB

NDLS

512Kbps

512Kbps

512Kbps


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TYPICAL EARTHING ARRANGEMENT IN BPAC LB


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PROPER SOLDERING / TINKERING OF EARTH LEADS IN BPAC LB


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Centre for Railway Information System(CRIS)

The Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS) is an

Autonomous Organization under the Ministry of Railways.

• It develops and manages the Information Technology

applications of the Indian Railways.

• CRIS also provides IT applications for non-Railway

Government and Public Sector organizations.IR

ISET

CRIS Projects at a glance

• Unreserved Ticketing system (UTS)

• Passenger Reservation System (PRS)

• Control Office Application (COA)

• Freight Operations Information System (FOIS)

• Integrated Coaching Management System (CMS)

• National Train Enquiry System (NTES)

• Parcel Management System (PMS)

• Indian Railways Projects Sanctions & Management (IRPSM)

• Software Aided Train Scheduling

• Indian Railway Web PortalTELECOM GENERAL PART-1 VER 1.0 42

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Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs)

• Rail India Technical and Economic Services (RITES) Ltd.

• Indian Railway Construction Company (IRCON)

International Ltd.

• RailTel Corporation of India Ltd. (RCIL)

• Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL)

• Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Ltd.

(DFCCL)


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• Indian Railway Finance Corporation (IRFC)

• Container Corporation of India Ltd. (CCIL)

• Konkan Railway Corporation Ltd. (KRCL)

• Mumbai Rail Vikas Corporation Ltd. (MRVCL)

• Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Ltd.

(IRCTC)IR

ISET


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PART -2

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WELCOME

TELECOM GENERAL

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TB 1

TELECOM GENERAL

(Part-2)

N. V. Gopala RaoICT-1TTC Lab

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Knowledge Required

• To competently perform installation, testing and

commissioning, finally maintenance of various types of

telecommunications equipment.

• General knowledge of equipment in common use in

Central Office and remote sites, including installation,

testing and commissioning.

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• Able to interpret Telecommunication Blue Prints,

Schematics and Specs and able to install equipment to

specification.

• Knowledge of ancillary equipment used in telecom

installations, including but not limited to cables,

connectors, steel work and other consumables that are

used on a daily basis.

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• Flexible and adaptable.

• Demonstrate the capability to be able to multi-task

and accommodate a variety of assignments at various

locations on a day-to-day basis.

• Computer skills including Microsoft Word, Excel,

Outlook.

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• Human Resource management.

• Material Management.

• Able to handle emergency situation.

• Data of complete section / project.

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S & T Department

• The role of the Signalling and Telecommunication

Department of the Indian Railways is to provide a

modern, efficient and reliable signalling system for

speedy, smooth and safe running of trains, as well as an

effective and reliable mode of telecommunications.

• This can be achieved by implementing uniform policy,

new technology, asset upgradation and renewal,

maintenance, inspection and human resource

development.

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Importance of the study of TB1

• Maintenance and inspection are to be the cornerstones

for ensuring efficient functioning of equipment.

• Study found that zonal railways were unable to provide

standard expected performance parameters for

Signalling and Telecommunication equipment in use.

Active service for each hour of down time, mean time

between failures and the time taken to repair varied

vastly from zone to zone and make to make.

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• Proper maintenance of assets and on the need to move

from corrective maintenance towards preventive

maintenance.

• Corrective maintenance comes into play only after

equipment becomes defective.

• Preventive maintenance on the other hand is applied

when equipment is still operative and proactive

treatment is given consisting of checks, examination and

supervisory inspections.

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Content of Telecom General

1. Rules applying to Railway servants

2. Duties of Telecom technicians and supervisors

3. Inspections

4. Drawings, specifications and books of reference

5. Schedule of maintenance and Periodical testing

6. Important Telecom matters

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Introduction

Uniform construction and maintenance practices are

essential to promote safety and reliability of Telecom

network.

• Construction of a new telecommunication system.

• Maintenance or repair of an existing tele-

communication system.

• Replacement of an existing system in a section.

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• The Planning, installation methods and conditions for

carrying out the Telecom works (maintenance) must

be in accordance with the written specifications and

recommendations of Railway Board or RDSO.

• The PCSTE of Zonal Railways and RDSO are authorized

to supplement additional guidelines required for day to

day working.

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• Revolutionary evolutions in Telecom technologies

leading to obsolete of earlier systems.

• For successful adaptation of new technologies & to

inculcate better construction or installation and

maintenance practices in Telecom systems the following

are essential.

1. Providing similar standard equipments

2. Training, Work shops and seminars

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SCHEDULE OF MAINTENANCE ANDPERIODICAL TESTING

Objectives of maintenance and periodical testing:

1. To extend the useful life of equipment.

2. To assure optimum availability of the installed

equipment.

3. To ensure operational readiness of all equipment

required for emergency.

4. To ensure safety of personnel using such facility.

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• Maintenance of Telecom equipment is to protect the

equipment, from environmental conditions like dust,

moisture and heat, from malfunctioning as well as to

protect the working personnel from electric shock.

• Maintenance and inspection are to be the

cornerstones for ensuring efficient functioning of

Telecom equipment.

Maintenance of Telecom equipment

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• Proper maintenance of Telecom assets and on the

need to move from corrective maintenance towards

preventive maintenance plays a vital role in S&T

department.

• Corrective maintenance comes into play only after

equipment becomes defective.

Corrective maintenance

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• Preventive maintenance on the other hand is applied

when equipment is still operative and proactive

treatment is given consisting of checks, examination

and supervisory inspections.

• Preventive maintenance is the complement of

Corrective maintenance.

Preventive maintenance

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Periodical testing

• Periodical testing means regular examination,

inspection, testing and adjustments of equipment

without prior knowledge of equipment failure.

• Both the maintenance and periodical testing activities

are very important for proper functioning of Telecom

system within the specified limits.

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Failures

• Failures means which affects the final performance of

Telecom system, i.e. failures affecting transmission,

failure of complete function, complete shutdown.

• Improper maintenance and periodical testing leads to

low equipment utilization and decrease expected

standard life (codal life) of equipment.

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Telecom Systems in Indian Railways

1. Train Traffic Safety Circuits: (in 6 quad cable)

2. Train Traffic Safety Communication: (VHF, MTRC,

TCAS)

3. Train Traffic Communication: (CTO, TPC, RC, TLC,

ENGG, Hot Line, Auto TP in OFC)

4. Data Circuits: (UTS, PRS, FOIS, RAILNET, DATA

LOGGERS)

5. Switching: (C-DOT, ISDN, VoIP)TELECOM GENERAL

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6. Passenger Amenities: (PA, TIBs, CIBs, POET, DTES-Touch

Screens, FRBS, BSNL phones)

7. Passenger Safety Systems: (Surveillance System & ISS)

8. Accident site Communication: (ART, ARMV, V-SAT, 6Q-

OFC, VHF, CUG)

9. Alternate Communication for TTC: (BSNL Phones, BSNL

Leased lines, CUG)

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Indian Railway Telecommunication Manual

• Issued by Railway Board

• It consists of 29 Chapters

• The current TM is available in IR website

(in both Hindi and English versions)

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Important organisations in Telecom

1. ITU-T, R & D

2. IETF

3. TEC

4. RDSO

5. PTCC

6. WPC & SACFA

7. Telecom Directorate of IR

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ITU: International Telecommunication Union

• Agency under UN

• The standardization which has made an effective

international telecom network possible carried out

through the ITU.

• The ITU is carrying out with three main divisions.

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International Telecom Union - Telecommunication sector

It’s duties are the study of technical questions, Operating

methods and tariffs for telephony, telegraphy and data

communication.

ITU-T (CCITT)

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• International Telecommunication Union - Radio

communications sector.

• It studies all technical and operating issues related

to radio communications, including point to point

communications, mobile services and broadcasting.

• Regulates the assignment of Radio frequencies to

prevent interference between different

transmissions.

ITU-R ( CCIR)

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International Telecommunication Union - Development

Sector.

It is responsible for creating policies, regulations and

providing training programs and financial strategies in

developing countries.

ITU –D

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• The Internet Engineering Task Force is the

premier Internet standards body, developing open

standards through open processes.

• IETF is a large open international community of

network designers, operators, vendors, and

researchers concerned with the evolution of the

internet architecture and the smooth operation of

the internet.

IETF

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ISO: International standards Organisation

• This organisation produces standards in many fields,

including Information Technology.

• Pertaining to telecom, ISO reference model for Open

System Interconnection (OSI).

ETSI: European Telecommunication Standards Institute.

ANSI: American National Standards Institute.

IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.

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TEC

• The Telecommunication Engineering Center is a body

under telecom commission and a nodal agency of the

Department of Telecommunications, Ministry of

Communications and Information Technology,

Government of India.

• TEC is responsible for drawing up of standards, generic

requirements, interface requirements, service

requirements and specifications for telecom products,

services and networks.TELECOM GENERAL

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• Specialised divisions of TEC cover various telecom

technology areas :

• External Plant Information Technology, Networks,

Optical Transmission, Line Transmission, Radio

Transmission, Satellite Transmission, Value Aided

Services, Switching Mobile Communications .

• These divisions are responsible for standardisation and

trials of new technologies.

Specialised divisions of TEC

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RDSO

Research Designs and Standards Organisation

“RDSO is an attached office of Ministry of Railways,

engaged in design and standardisation of equipments

for use in Indian Railways”.

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RDSO was established in Lucknow in 1957.

• The primary policy of RDSO is to develop safe, modern

and cost effective Railway technology complying with

statutory and regulatory requirements, through

excellence in research, designs and standards and

continual improvements in quality management system

to cater growing demand of passenger and freight

traffic on the railways.

RDSO

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RDSO Specifications

DRAFT Specification:

• RDSO/SPN specification is issued as draft specification

for discussion.

• This specification is circulated to customers / Railways

and field inspection units for comments.

• Ex: RDSO/SPN/TC/72/2007 (Rev.0)

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MAIN Specification:

• RDSO /SPN along with comments received from various

quarters is discussed in Telecom Standards Committee

(TCSC) meeting .

• Recommendation made by TCSC is put up to Railway

Board for approval.

• After approval from Railway Board, the specification is

given an IRS number and issued as Indian Railway

Standard Specification, i.e. IRS: TC: ________.

• Ex: IRS:TC/30/2005(Rev.2).

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RDSO guidelines / comments

will be in the form of :

TAN : Technical Advisory Notes

STR : Schedule of Technical Requirements

QAP : Quality Assurance Plan

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PTCC

Power and Telecommunication Co-ordination Committee

• It is a central standing committee for co-ordination of

Power and Telecommunication system. The committee

was formed by the Government of India in the year

1949. The role of the committee is to deal with route

approval for all new power lines.

• The clearance of this committee is required before

energization of new power lines of 11KV and above,

which is given after obtaining clearances from the

Railway/ Telecom having lines in the area.

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PTCC cell in Railways

• PTCC Monitoring cell headed by CCE and Dy.CSTE (Tele)

of the railway shall monitor the timely disposal of

pending and new cases.

• Full details are available in Telecom Manual / PTCC

Manual.

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WPCWireless Planning & Coordination

• WPC is a Wing of the Ministry of Communications,

created in 1952, is the national radio regulatory

authority responsible for frequency spectrum

management, including licensing and caters for the

needs of all wireless users (government and private) in

the country.

• WPC is divided into major sections like:

• Licensing and Renewal (LR),

• New Technology Group (NTG) and

• Standing Advisory Committee on Radio Frequency

Allocation (SACFA).TELECOM GENERAL

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SACFAStanding Advisory Committee on

Radio Frequency Allocation

• The Standing Advisory Committee on Radio Frequency

Allocations (SACFA) is a high level committee chaired by

Secretary (DOT)/Chairman, Telecom Commission.

• Heads of major wireless users/administrative ministries

of the Govt. of India, Member (Technology), Telecom

Commission, and Wireless Adviser to the Govt. of India,

Joint Secretary, DoT are its members.

• WPC wing of the Ministry of Communications provides

secretarial help to the committee.TELECOM GENERAL

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SACFA clearances are issued after getting 'no objection' from

various SACFA members who have to carry out detailed

technical evaluation including field surveys, etc. At times

they have to obtain evaluations from their field units.

The technical evaluation is done primarily for

a) Aviation hazards.

b) Obstruction to line of sight of existing/planned networks

c) Interference (Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI)/

Electro Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)) to existing and

proposed networks.

SACFA clearances

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Functions of the SACFA committee • Major frequency allocation issues

• Formulation of National Frequency Allocation Plan

• Making recommendations on various issues related to

ITU

• Asia Pacific Tele community (APT)

• To sort out the problems referred to the committee by

various wireless users, siting clearance of all wireless

installations in the country, etc.

SACFA Monitoring cell headed by Dy.CSTE(Tele) of the zonal

Railway shall monitor the timely disposal of pending and

new cases.TELECOM GENERAL

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Telecom Directorate

The Telecom Directorate of Ministry of Railways,

Government of India, oversees the complete working of

Telecom in Indian Railways.

It takes care of all the telecommunication requirement of

Indian Railways.

Organization

Member S & T ( MST)

Addl. Member (Telecom)

Executive Director (Tele. Dev.)

Director (Telecom)TELECOM GENERAL

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Telecom Policy

• All the Telecom policies, decisions are taken in the

Railway Board.

• The information about various Telecom policy decision

taken in the Railway Board will be made available in

Telecom Directorate and circulated to all zonal Railways

and various Railway organizations for implementation.

• In general, every year, latest policy guidelines will be

issued to upkeep the technology.

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Telecom Policies: Example(Policy Letters Issued in 2013)

• Telecom Circular No. 10/2013: Report on most suitable

Protection Scheme for Control Communication Circuits

including SCADA.

• Telecom Circular No. 9/2013: Proportionate maintenance

charges payable to RCIL for the year 2012-13.

• Telecom Circular No. 7/2013: VHF sets-MIL Standard

Compliance.

• Telecom Circular No. 5/2013: Consolidated instructions

for provision of Display Board for various Passenger

Information System.

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Policy Decisions - Subject Wise

• Operational and Administrative communication

system

• Passenger Amenities

• Disaster Management

• Telephones

• CUG phones

• VHF communication

• RailTel

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JPO : Joint Procedure Order

• JPO is a document which will be drafted by various

departments for smooth functioning and to keep the

system failures in minimum level.

• The defined guidelines among the departments will be

certified by Heads of departments and circulated to all

concerned departments for strict implementations.

• The responsibility of various departments will be

demarcated in the JPO.

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Who will issue JPO?

In general, JPOs will be issued by Railway Board, Zonal

Railways and Divisional Railways to carry out the works

with clear instructions to avoid ambiguity.

Ex: 1. Prevention of Cable Cuts ( issued by RB)

2. VHF sets utilization in IR ( issued by RB)

3. Inspection of Surveillance system (issued by Zonal

Railways)

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MoU : Memorandum of Understanding

• MOU is a written agreement between Railways and

other service providers. (PSUs/Companies/

Consortium)

• The understanding between various organizations will

be defined for smooth working with clear information.

Ex: Between Indian Railways and Reliance JIO (RB level)

Between Zonal Railways and RCIL (Zonal level)

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PCDO: Periodical Comprehensive Demi Official

MCDO: Monthly Comprehensive Demi Official

TAP: Telecom Action Plan

TRIAP: Telecom Reliability Improvement Action Plan

Special reports

Compliance on Inspection report

Messages

Official Letters

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All the above reports play a vital role as a method of

supervision of the Telecom assets in Railways. By going

through these reports the higher officials will evaluate

the performance of different segments in Telecom.

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PCDO / MCDOThe aim of PCDO/MCDO is to get acquaint the Zonal

Railway / Railway Board with the latest position of working

of Railways.

PCDO document contains:

1. Highlights of the month.

2. Telecom works

3. Assistance required from HQ

4. Inspection done during the month

5. Stores & Establishment

The PCDO document has to be submitted by 25th of every

month to Sr.DSTE.TELECOM GENERAL

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TRIAP Telecom Reliability Improvement Action Plan

1. Drawings and documentation

2. Improvement to the cabling system

3. Maintenance aids

4. Security and protection works for Railnet

5. AMC/ARC for telecom systems

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6. Automatic Volume Control for Station PA System

7. Review of BSNL channel & upgradation of RCIL channels

8. Provision of telecom equipment in ART and MRV

9. Co-ordination meeting with RCIL, BSNL and Project/

Construction units

10. Power Supply, Earthing and Surge Protection system

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11. Provision of PD MUX in divisional HQs for all control

circuit to work on the E1 protection path.

12. Execution of S&T, Road Safety and Passenger amenity

LSWP telecom works.

13. Testing of telecom systems.

14. Improvement in Reliance JIO’s coverage over the

division.

15. Training and Manpower.

16. Innovations and new ideas.TELECOM GENERAL

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DESU, DETU and DISTU

DESU: Divisional Equated Signalling Units.

DETU: Divisional Equated Telecommunication Units.

DISTU: Divisional Integrated Signal & Telecommuni-

cation Units.

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DESU , DETU and DISTU

• These units are bench mark for manpower planning

and management, i.e. for justification of existing

posts and creation of new posts.

• These units have to be prepared by SSE, once in a

year and to be submitted to HQ.

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Codal life

The expected standard life of equipments intended to

serve and to take a decision for replacement of the

assets for effective functioning and utilisation of

equipment for safe running of train traffic system.

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Expected standard life (Codal life)of some Telecom Equipment are:

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OBJECTIVES OF MAINTENANCE

• To extend the useful life of equipment

• To assure optimum availability of the installed

equipment

• To ensure operational readiness of all equipments

required for emergency

• To ensure safety of personnel using such facility

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TYPES OF MAINTENANCE

1. Preventive Maintenance (PM)

2. Corrective Maintenance (CM)

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PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE (First Level Maintenance)

1. Cleaning

2. Tuning or adjustments

3. Inspection

Major part of equipments involves inspection by look,

feel and listen.

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CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE (Second Level Maintenance)

Only when it is necessary due to malfunction or failure.

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Failures

Failures which have affected the final performance of

Telecom system, i.e.

- failures affecting transmission

- failure of complete function

- complete shut down

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CLASSIFICATION OF FAILURES

• Disruptive

- Equipment does not operate as intended

• Dissipative

- Equipment experiences repeated stresses that

lead to failure for no apparent reason

• Destructive

- Equipment fails at the instant the disturbance

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Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF)

• MTBF is a reliability term used to provide the amount

of failures per million hours for a product.

• When equipment such as Chargers, Train Operation

equipment, Media converters or Switches must be

installed into critical applications, MTBF becomes very

important.

Total working hours MTBF = ---------------------------------------------

Number of failures of sub system

Total working hours of Eqpt = Σ number of Eqpt provided x working hours of Eqpt system.

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Mean Time To Repair (MTTR)

• MTTR is the time needed to repair a failed hardware

module.

• In an operational system, repair generally means

replacing a failed hardware part.

• Thus, hardware MTTR could be viewed as mean time

to replace a failed hardware module.

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• Taking too long to repair a product, drives up the cost

of the installation in the long run, due to down time

until the new part arrives and the possible window of

time required to schedule the installation.

• To avoid/minimize MTTR, procurement of spare

products is mandatory, so that replacement can be

initiated quickly.

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BPAC

• Block Proving by Axle Counter is a system used for

controlling the coordinated movement of the train in

the block section working on absolute block working

principle.

• Rugged communication line in 6 Q cable /channel in

OFC is required for transmission of error-free data.

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Group of Routes in BG: A,B,C,D, D-spl & E. (based on traffic density)

Standard of Interlocking (based on speed of section) 1 (<50Kmph) 2 (<110 Kmph)3 (<140 Kmph) & 4(140-160 Kmph)

Classification of stations is linked to the rules for block system working - Class A, B, C & D

Category of Stations: NSG, SG and HG (Commercial Classification- based on revenue)

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1. Procurement

2. Installation and Commissioning

3. Operation and Maintenance

4. Codal life and Disposal

Life Cycle Cost of Telecom plant(Phase vice)

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SN Name of Equipment Working Voltage Required Current

1. 25W VHF Set 12V DC 2-3 Amp

2. VF Repeater 12V DC 0.5 Amp

3. Gate Telephone 12V DC 100mA

4. Way Station Control phone 12V DC 100mA

5. STM1/4 OFC Equipment 48V DC 3 Amp

6. PD MUX 48V DC 2 Amp

7. Router 12V DC 3 Amp

8. Switch 12V DC 2 Amp

9. IPIS 230V AC 5 Amps(6 Line)

10. Auto Announcement system 230V AC 5 Amps

11. Digital Clock 230V AC 1 Amp/PF Clock

12. Coach Guidance 230V AC 4 Amp /PF

Typical requirements of Telecom equipment Power Supplies at the station

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Registers / Documentation

to be maintained at

Telecom Installations

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Telephone ExchangeIndoor:

1) Exchange layout plan

2) Rack layout plan for each rack with connection details

3) MDF and IDF termination plan

4) Installation manual for equipment

5) Software documentation

6) Operation and maintenance manual

7) Wiring diagram for power panel

8) Manual for battery chargers

9) Battery maintenance register

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Outdoor:

1) Telephone No. wise subscriber’s details

2) Subscriber wise Telephone Directory

3) Cable/ Overhead layout plan

4) Subscriber premises wiring plan typical.IRIS

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OFC System

1) KM wise diagram (soft & hard copy)

2) Channel planning chart

3) E1 allocations chart

4) STM 1 equipment Test register

5) PD MUX test register

6) SMPS battery charger test register

7) Maintenance register

8) Earth measurement register

9) Fiber joint test register with RCIL

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10) Installation Manuals of STM1 eqpt.

11) Operation Manuals of STM1 eqpt.

12) Maintenance manuals of STM1 eqpt.

13) Installation Manuals of PD Mux

14) Operation Manuals of PD Mux

15) Maintenance manuals of PD Mux

16) SMPS battery charger

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Quad Cable

1) Km wise Cable route diagram (soft & hard copy)

2) Quad cable allocation chart

3) Quad cable testing register

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Data Networks ( UTS/ PRS / FOIS/ Railnet/MIS)

1) Approved network diagram,

2) Actual network diagram,

3) E1 allocation for RCIL channels and channel details

for BSNL channels,

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Accident communication

1) Details of EC socket,

2) L-14 diagram for O/H lines,

3) Zonal Rly. Telephone directory,

4) Zonal CUG mobile directory,

5) Satellite phone directory,

6) Rly. Board telephone directory,

7) Disaster management telephone directory,

8) OFC/ Quad Cable route diagram,

9) Train Time Table

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MW / UHF system

1) Log book for on duty Technician

2) Failure Register

3) Fading Register

4) Diesel Generator Register & fuel register

5) Power Supply failure register & AC register

6) Cable Termination Register

7) Maintenance and line up report of equipment and Earth

8) Technical Literature of all communication equipments such as

Radio, multiplexing.

9) Technical Literature of Charger, stabilizer along with circuit

diagram.

10) Tower Register.

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Drawings/ Specifications & Circulars/ JPOs

(Available at Divisional HQs/ section i/c SSE)

1) Set of all IRS (TC) drawings

2) Set of all RDSO drawings

3) Set of all IRS (TC) Specifications

4) Set of all RDSO Specifications

5) Railway Board Circulars

6) Railway Board JPOs

7) Set of all Zonal Railway Circulars

8) Set of all Zonal Railway JPOs

9) Jurisdictions chart of Quad cable /OFC maintenance staff &

telecommunication equipment maintenance staff

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Passenger Amenities (at Stations)

1) Approved Installation network diagram

2) Actual network diagram

3) AMC /ARC particulars

Equipment Register

1) Inspection registers.

2) At stations for all equipment

3) At LC gates

4) At TSS/SSP/SP locations

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ChannelFrequency

(MHz)Application / Department

1 146.400 Security

2 147.975 ART (Accident Site Communication)

3 148.100 Mechanical

4 149.750 Engineering

5 150.100 F1 for PLC, 1st section of straight section

6 150.150 F2 for PLC, 2nd section of straight section

7 159.600 F3 for PLC, 3rd section of straight section

8 159.650 Signal & Telecommunication

9 159.700 LC gate communication

10 160.400 Common Frequency

11 160.550 Train Escorting Staff

12 161.150 Driver and Guard Communication

13 161.425 Electrical Department

14 162.100 Shunting and Yard Communication

15 146.200 F4 for PLC, 1st section (Jn. Station – Direction1)

16 148.050 F5 for PLC, 2nd section (Jn. Station – Direction1)

17 149.800 F6 for PLC, 3rd section (Jn. Station – Direction1)

18 149.850 F7 for PLC, 1st section (Jn. Station – Direction2)

19 151.400 F8 for PLC, 2nd section (Jn. Station – Direction2)

20 151.450 F9 for PLC, 3rd section (Jn. Station – Direction2)

VHF frequency Allocation for various Applications / Departments(As per Railway Board letter No.2004/Tele/WL/2/Misc., dated 22.05.2007)

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Communication Requirements For new stations

1. Opening of new stations whether in an already existing

line or as part of a new section shall be governed by

“Rules for opening of a Railway”.

2. Communication systems for new sections shall be

planned on underground cable only.

• Suitable system to meet the future communication

requirement of the section shall be planned.

• Adequate capacity shall be built in to meet the safety

requirements of block working, TAWD, BPAC, emergency

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3. Communication arrangements at a new station shall be

governed by:

a) Controlled / Uncontrolled section.

b) Electrified/Non-electrified section.

c) Importance in terms of the various departmental staff

to be Posted at the station.

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4. The following communication arrangements shall be

provided at new stations:

a) Control telephone in controlled sections.

b) Phone communication to all manned level crossing

gates controlled from the station.

c) 25W VHF sets with proper standby power supply.

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d) Communication arrangements with sidings. Mode ofcommunication shall be decided by the Railwayadministration, depending on the importance of thesiding.

e) BSNL phone wherever feasible. In the absence offeasibility for land line BSNL phone, wherever WLLphone is feasible, it shall be provided.

f) In new sections, telephone exchange shall be providedat important stations where there is a sizeableestablishment for railway working. Wherever feasible,such exchanges shall be connected by suitable means tothe divisional exchange.

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g) In all new sections, S&T controls shall be provided

connecting SSE/JE (S&T) Offices and residences of

Technicians (S&T) etc.

h) In all new sections, Engg. Control shall be provided

connecting SSE/JE ( P. Way ) offices and residences. The

above g) and h) shall however be subject to availability

of channel in the main communication system.

i) In a new section, communication arrangements for

block working to suit the system of working to be

followed shall be provided.

j) In electrified territory, TPC phone shall be provided.TELECOM GENERAL

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5. Additional communication facilities be provided in new

electrified sections, shall be governed by the provisions

of the 25KV AC traction manual.

6. All the communication equipment shall be provided

with suitable power supply arrangements and proper

protective arrangements.

7. All the communication equipments and power supply

units shall be properly earthed.

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8. Besides telecommunication facilities, one or more of

the following facilities are to be provided depending on

the importance of the station.

Platform clocks.

a) PA systems for announcements on the platforms.

b) Rly and BSNL Telephones for Train Enquiry

Communication.

c) Train Indication Board as per Railway Board’s

guidelines

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The Telecommunications traffic

• Unit is Erlang (E), which is named after A.K. Erlang.

• The traffic intensity is defined as the average

number of calls in progress.

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230V AC power supply arrangement for Telecom equipments

230 V AC power supply to all telecom installations has

to be extended from AC supply CLS panel available in

ASM room with suitable MCB protection.

( Local EB / UP & DN AT / Generator supply)

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AC Power supply cable

At stations, where telecom installations (for OFC,

V.F.repeater, Microwave or cable hut) are located within

2 Kms from stations, a power cable of suitable size will

be laid from the automatic change over panel in ASM’s

room to the Telecom equipment room by Electrical

Department to provide stand by power supply.

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Structured Cabling (Cables, Racks, Connectors – all passive devices)

• Cabling architectures, if not chosen correctly, could

force an early replacement of the cabling infrastructure

to meet connectivity requirements in the network and

transmission system.

• A 19-inch rack is a standardized frame or enclosure for

mounting multiple equipment modules.

• Each module has a front panel that is 19 inches (482.6

mm) wide, including edges or ears that stick out on

each side which allow the module to be fastened to the

rack frame with screws.

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• Equipment designed to be placed in a rack is typically

described as rack-mount, rack-mount instrument, a rack

mounted system, a rack mount chassis, sub-rack, rack

mountable, or occasionally simply shelf.

• The height of the electronic modules is also standardized

as multiples of 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) or one rack unit

or U .

• The Telecom industry standard rack cabinet is 4/9/12/

24/42 U tall and depth of 400/600/800/1000 mm.

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Structured Cabling (Cables, Racks, Connectors – all passive devices)

Connectors: RJ-45, DB-25, IO box, of patch cords,Splitters etc.

Cables: 120 Ohms balanced cablesUTP Cables and STP CablesMulti stranded wires

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VSAT: Very Small Aperture Terminal

• VSAT provides Point to Point or Point to Multi Point

data connectivity.

• The VSAT uses Geostationary Satellite as repeater

location.

• As satellite is being used as repeating stations, the data

originating and terminating point can be any where on

the earth.

• VSAT networks are typically used for Video Surveillance,

Video Conferencing, Internet Kiosk, etc.TELECOM GENERAL

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VSAT Network Components:

• The VSAT network works in star as well as Mesh

architecture and consists of:

i) Hub Earth Station

ii) Remote Earth Station

iii) Satellite Transponder & Space Link

iv) Network Control Centre

v) Interface Equipment

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• Railway is using them to provide data connectivity

between various goods terminals and CRIS as well

as for video conferencing applications.

• It shall also be used for Accident Site

Communication for voice, data and video

transmission.

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V SAT System Architecture

MPLS cloud

Location 3

Location 2

Location 1

HQ

Railtel

2Mbps

OFC Link

H.Q Eqpt. Interfaced to

Exchange & Control Board

(4-wire) /UTS/PRS/FOIS

VSAT HUB

NDLS

512Kbps

512Kbps

512Kbps


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TYPICAL EARTHING ARRANGEMENT IN BPAC LB

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PROPER SOLDERING OF EARTH LEADS IN A BUS

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Integrated Cable Path Diagrams • The combined cable path diagram of Signals, Telecom

and OFC shall be prepared with reference to OHE mast or

other landmarks in Station Yard called as offset.

• The periodicity of offset measurement is 30 meters in

block section.

• The exact distance between cable path and center of the

main line track is to be recorded in the combined cable

path diagram.

• These set diagrams shall be made available with all S&T

and Engineering staff.

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Cable Markers

• The cable routes shall be clearly demarcated by suitable

concrete/stone/fiber markers for identification in future.

• After completion of cable laying, cable route markers

shall be provided at regular intervals of 50 meters on

the cable route.

• Cable joint markers shall be provided at all types of

cable joints.

• External Cable route markers colours shall be of

Red/Orange for normal path and Green for Splice/Joint.

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Annual Maintenance Contract (AMC)

• Annual maintenance contract agreement is required

to be entered between OEM of all the equipment

supplied against the specification and on behalf of

President of India for use and operation by the Zonal

Railways at Headquarter/Divisional level under the

supervision of Zonal Railways.

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• Annual Maintenance Contract hereinafter referred to as(“Contract”) is made on this ______ day of _______between M/s _________, having one of its Station/location at __________(hereinafter referred to asVendor) and Sr.DSTE/ ______ /______. (hereinafterreferred to as “CUSTOMER”)

1.Duration of Contract: The duration of contract is _____years starting from period of ____ to ______.

2. Periodic Maintenance Service: Vendor shall arrange todepute his technically competent representative torespective Location/Station to provide maintenanceservices.

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3. Breakdown Maintenance Service:

• The Maintenance Service shall include remedial

maintenance service (i.e. error fixing) for any

significant error, malfunction or defect in the various

software / systems supplied by the service includes

fault finding and rectification of all hardware, and

equipment and software problems.

• The report mentioning the activities / checking carried

out during the visit should be submitted to

Sr.DSTE/___/___for each visit.

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4. Penalty charges during AMC :

a. Description b. Time allowed for rectification

c. Penalty charges in case of delay beyond stipulated period/days

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Annual Repair Contract (ARC)

• Repairs and part replacement of defective equipments

comes under ARC.

• The defective equipment will be supplied by Railways

and contractor is required to repair/replace the

defective parts and make it functional.

• For some Telecom systems, repairs and part

replacement has to be carried out at site.

• The Passenger Amenities, VHF sets, Chargers etc. may

be covered under ARC.

• Generally, the terms and conditions of ARC will be same

as that of AMC.TELECOM GENERAL

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Emergency Control (EC) post

• Emergency Communication sockets are available in

regular intervals of 1 Km along the Railway Track.

• Total length of rail post used for EC post: 2.4 meters.

(7 ft 8 inches)

• Length of rail post buried in ground with cement

concrete: 0.9 meters (3 ft)

• Height of rail post from surface of ground, to mount EC

socket: 1.5 meters ( 4ft 9 inches)

• Painting of rail post: Black and white paint alternately

with 15 cm bands.

• Position of EC post: 5.5 meters from center of railway

track.TELECOM GENERAL

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• EC post location identification: Telephone symbol painted

on OHE mast.

• EC Obligatory sockets to be provided irrespective of

regular intervals in the following locations:

a) for OHE department usage : between home to home

signals and at SP/SSP/TSS

b) for engineering department usage: at long bridges

and LC gates

c) for rolling stock department : at Crew lobby/CC (crew

control center) TELECOM GENERAL

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• The Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS) is an

Autonomous Organization under the Ministry of

Railways.

• It develops and manages the Information Technology

applications of the Indian Railways.

• CRIS also provides IT applications for non-Railway

Government and Public Sector organizations.

Centre for Railway Information System (CRIS)

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CRIS Projects at a Glance

• Unreserved Ticketing system (UTS)

• Passenger Reservation System (PRS)

• Control Office Application (COA)

• Freight Operations Information System (FOIS)

• Integrated Coaching Management System (CMS)

• National Train Enquiry System (NTES)

• Parcel Management System (PMS)

• Indian Railways Projects Sanctions & Management (IRPSM)

• Software Aided Train Scheduling

• Indian Railway Web PortalTELECOM GENERAL

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Public Sector Undertakings

• Rail India Technical and Economic Services (RITES) Ltd.• Indian Railway Construction Company (IRCON) Ltd.

• RailTel Corporation of India Ltd. (RCIL)• Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL)

• Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Ltd. (DFCCL)

• Indian Railway Finance Corporation (IRFC)

• Container Corporation of India Ltd. (CCIL)

• Konkan Railway Corporation Ltd. (KRCL)

• Mumbai Rail Vikas Corporation Ltd. (MRVCL)

• Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Ltd. (IRCTC)

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TELECOM GENERAL

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welcome [122.252.230.113]122.252.230.113/content/ppt/tele/tb_1hl.pdfquality improvement through...

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