week 6 nervous system.pptx
TRANSCRIPT
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Nervous SystemPhysiology
First semester, 2ndYr MBBS2013 - 2014
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OBJECTIVES
Classify nervous system functionally
List functions of neuroglia,axon and dendrite Define receptor,modality,nociception,
proprioception, synapse and reflex action
List functions of spinal cord, brain stem,cerebellum,thalamus, hypothalamus basal
ganglia and cerebrum
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SPINAL CORD
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Gross Anatomy of the Spinal Cord
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SPINAL NERVE
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Cross-Sectional Anatomy of the Spinal Cord
Central area of gray matter shaped like a butterfly and
surrounded by white matter in 3 columns
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Gray Matter Pair of dorsal or posterior horns
dorsal root of spinal nerve is totally sensory fibers
Pair of ventral or anterior horns
ventral root of spinal nerve is totally motor fibers
Connected by gray commissure punctured by a
central canal continuous above with 4th
ventricle
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White Matter
Bundles of myelinated axons that run up & down Dorsal or posterior columns or funiculi
Lateral columns or funiculi
Anterior columns or funiculi
Each column is filled with tracts or fasciculi
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Spinal Tracts
Ascending & descending tract head up or down whiledecussation means that the fibers cross sides
Contralateral means from the opposite side whileipsilateral means 2 regions on same side
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Medulla ,pons & cerebellum
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BRAIN STEM
Olive
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Brain stem
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THALAMUS
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Thalamus
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Thalamus and hypothalamus
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Hypothalamus
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Hypothalamus
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Basal Ganglia
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brain
From Neuroscience,
Purves et al. eds., 2001
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Cerebrum-The largest division of the brain. It isdivided into two hemispheres, each of which is
divided into four lobes.
CerebrumCerebrum
Cerebellum
http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif
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CerebralCortex
Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral Cortex - The outermost layer of gray
matter making up the superficial aspect of the
cerebrum.
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Cerebral Features:
SulciSmall grooves dividing the gyriCentral SulcusDivides the Frontal Lobe from the ParietalLobe
FissuresDeep grooves, generally dividing largeregions/lobes of the brain
GyriElevated ridges winding around the brain.
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Gyri (ridge)
Fissure
(deep groove)
Sulci
(groove)
http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif
http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gifhttp://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gifhttp://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gifhttp://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gifhttp://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gifhttp://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif -
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Longitudinal Fissure
Transverse Fissure
Sylvian/Lateral
Fissure
Central Sulcus
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Specific Sulci/Fissures:
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Lobes of the Brain (4)
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
* Note: Occasionally, the Insula is considered the fifth lobe. It is located deepto the Temporal Lobe.
http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-
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