week 5.1 handout emphatics

04/06/2012

1

Emphatics

Shariah Program - 2003-2012

Variations of the and were prefixed to the active and passive versions of the verb, resulting in four new tables:

Active lan

Passive lan

Active lam

Passive lam


Emphatics - meaning

Reinforcing the while keeping it affirmative

Used in swearing an oath or adding stress or

emphasis to a statement

Restricted to the future

E.g. Verily he will help


Emphatics - construction

Add a of emphasis to the beginning of each conjugation:

6 times

Add a at the end, which comes in two versions:

heavy nun of emphasis

light nun of emphasis


04/06/2012

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Four emphatic tables

Active thaqeelah

verily he will help Passive thaqeelah

verily he will be helped Active khafeefah

he will definitely help Passive khafeefah

he will definitely be helped Shariah Program - 2003-2012

Thaqeelah Nun Mushaddad nun

Comes at the end of all 14 conjugations


The Five Singulars

will get a on the position

becomes


English Arabic

He 1They (2M) 2

They (3+M) 3

She 4They (2F) 5

They (3+F) 6

You (1M) 7You (2M) 8

You (3+M) 9

You (1F) 10

You (2F) 11

You (3+F) 12

I 13

We 14

Change in endings in due to In the four duals, we

remove the nun that was already there and

replace it with this

nun mushaddad


English Arabic He 1

They (2M) 2They (3+M) 3

She 4

They (2F) 5They (3+F) 6

You (1M) 7

You (2M) 8You (3+M) 9

You (1F) 10

You (2F) 11You (3+F) 12

I 13

We 14

Change in endings in due to

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3

Person Gender Plurality English Arabic

3rd

Masculine

Singular He 1

Dual They (2M) 2Plural They (3+M) 3

Feminine

Singular She 4

Dual They (2F) 5

Plural They (3+F) 6

2nd

Masculine

Singular You (1M) 7

Dual You (2M) 8Plural You (3+M) 9

Feminine

Singular You (1F) 10

Dual You (2F) 11

Plural You (3+F) 12

1stMasculine

/Feminine

Singular I 13

Plural We 14

The masculine plurals

lose their and a is left behind on the

The feminine singular, second person loses its

and a is left behind on the


English Arabic He 1

They (2M) 2

They (3+M) 3She 4

They (2F) 5

They (3+F) 6

You (1M) 7

You (2M) 8

You (3+M) 9

You (1F) 10You (2F) 11

You (3+F) 12

I 13

We 14

Change in endings in due to

Change in endings in due to The feminine plurals

keep their nun

becomes


English Arabic He 1

They (2M) 2

They (3+M) 3

She 4

They (2F) 5

They (3+F) 6You (1M) 7

You (2M) 8

You (3+M) 9

You (1F) 10

You (2F) 11

You (3+F) 12I 13

We 14


3rd

Masculine

Singular He 1

Dual They (2M) 2

Plural They (3+M) 3

Feminine

Singular She 4

Dual They (2F) 5

Plural They (3+F) 6

2nd

Masculine

Singular You (1M) 7

Dual You (2M) 8

Plural You (3+M) 9

Feminine


Dual You (2F) 11

Plural You (3+F) 12

1stMasculine

/Feminine

Singular I 13

Plural We 14

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3rd

Masculine

Singular He 1

Dual They (2M) 2

Plural They (3+M) 3

Feminine

Singular She 4

Dual They (2F) 5

Plural They (3+F) 6

2nd

Masculine

Singular You (1M) 7

Dual You (2M) 8

Plural You (3+M) 9

Feminine


Dual You (2F) 11

Plural You (3+F) 12

1st Masculine /FeminineSingular I 13

Plural We 14

Khafeefah Nun Saakin nun

Similar construction to thaqeelah table

Khafeefah tables are smaller because there

are no duals and no plural feminines



3rdMasculine

Singular He 1Dual They (2M) 2

Plural They (3+M) 3

FeminineSingular She 4

Dual They (2F) 5

Plural They (3+F) 6

2ndMasculine

Singular You (1M) 7

Dual You (2M) 8

Plural You (3+M) 9

FeminineSingular You (1F) 10

Dual You (2F) 11

Plural You (3+F) 12

1stMasculine

/Feminine

Singular I 13

Plural We 14


Khafeefah table


3rdMasculine

Singular He 1

Plural They (3+M) 3

Feminine Singular She 4

2ndMasculine

Singular You (1M) 7

Plural You (3+M) 9

Feminine Singular You (1F) 10


Plural We 14


Khafeefah table

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3rdMasculine

Singular He 1

Plural They (3+M) 3


2ndMasculine

Singular You (1M) 7

Plural You (3+M) 9



Plural We 14


Khafeefah table endingsPerson Gender Plurality English Arabic

3rdMasculine

Singular He 1

Plural They (3+M) 3


2ndMasculine

Singular You (1M) 7

Plural You (3+M) 9



Plural We 14


Khafeefah table (active)


3rdMasculine

Singular He 1

Plural They (3+M) 3


2ndMasculine

Singular You (1M) 7

Plural You (3+M) 9


1stMasculine

/Feminine

Singular I 13

Plural We 14


Khafeefah table (passive)

week 5.1 handout emphatics

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