week 3 summer hum 140 - hanging out and messing around
TRANSCRIPT
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Week Four
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Hanging OutHanging Out
1. Getting Together and Being Together – socializing on line and off for identity construction – it is often online first to set up getting together.
a) Sharing, Posting, Linking, and Forwardingb) Music first, then videos – youtube watched offline together
2. Hanging out through back channels – text, Facebook, Myspace, blogs..under no special control from home or school.
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Messing AroundMessing Around• More intense engagement – looking around,
“lurking” – chat roulette
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““Messing Around”Messing Around”• Experimental play – photo-tools, media
creation, techie monitoring (e.g. free ringtone creation)
• Messing around involves a more open-ended genre of participation
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““Geeking Out”Geeking Out”
• Intense commitment or engagement with media or technology, often one particular media property, genre, or a type of technology
• involves learning to navigate esoteric domains of knowledge and practice and being able to participate in communities that traffic in these forms of expertise.Blogs, remizes, games, podscasts
• Participate in closed IRC groups or specialized forums rather than general fan discussion forums, which they see as catering to less knowledgeable fans. –Second Life
• Rewriting the rules - code hacking, creating and exploiting cheats, and making derivative works such as machinima (real time animated movie techniques – using game engines) and game modifications – Limewire – avoiding copyright rules
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Why Does it Matter?Why Does it Matter?understanding the new digital
generationThe following video and slides are my edited remix of Michael Wesch’s
presentation done on Slideshare.com and YouTube. Dr. Wesch is a pioneer in social media education and was recently named Professor of the Year
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“What we are encountering is a panicky, an almost hysterical, attempt to escape from the deadly anonymity of modern life ... and the prime cause is not vanity ... but the craving of people who feel their personality sinking lower and lower into the whirl of indistinguishable atoms to be lost in a mass civilization."
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“What we are encountering is a panicky, an almost hysterical, attempt to escape from the deadly anonymity of modern life ... and the prime cause is not vanity ... but the craving of people who feel their personality sinking lower and lower into the whirl of indistinguishable atoms to be lost in a mass civilization."
- Henry Seidel Canby 1926
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It's a one-wayIt's a one-wayconversationconversation
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You have to be on TVYou have to be on TVto have a voiceto have a voice
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You have to be on TVYou have to be on TVto be significantto be significant
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The MTV Generation
• Short attention spans• Materialistic• Narcissistic• Not easily impressed
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“in the midst of a fabulous array of historically unprecedented and utterly mind-boggling stimuli ...
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the search for identity and recognitionthe search for identity and recognition
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the search for the authentic selfthe search for the authentic self
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the search for the authentic selfthe search for the authentic self
Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)
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Two Slides:Two Slides:
Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)
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Two Slides: Two Slides: towards ...towards ...
Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)
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Two Slides: Two Slides: towards ...towards ...
1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment”1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment”
Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)
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Two Slides: Two Slides: towards ...towards ...
1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment”1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment” 2. “negation of all horizons of 2. “negation of all horizons of significance”significance”
Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)
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Two Slides: Two Slides: towards ...towards ...
1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment”1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment” disengagementdisengagement 2. “negation of all horizons of 2. “negation of all horizons of significance”significance” Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)
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Two Slides: Two Slides: towards ...towards ...
1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment”1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment” disengagement disengagement 2. “negation of all horizons of 2. “negation of all horizons of significance”significance” fragmentationfragmentation
Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)
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Two Slides: Two Slides: towards ...towards ...
1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment”1. “self-centered modes of self-fulfilment” disengagement disengagement 2. “negation of all horizons of 2. “negation of all horizons of significance”significance” fragmentationfragmentation special interest sound bite politics special interest sound bite politics
Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)Charles Taylor's “Ethics of Authenticity” (1991)
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If the conversations of our cultureIf the conversations of our culturenow happen here ...now happen here ...
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Why this matters ...Why this matters ...
not controlled by the few not controlled by the few not one-waynot one-waycreated by, for, and around networks, not massescreated by, for, and around networks, not massestransform individual pursuits into collective actiontransform individual pursuits into collective actionmakes “group” formation “ridiculously easy”makes “group” formation “ridiculously easy”
(Paquet/Shirky) (Paquet/Shirky)
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Why this might Why this might deeplydeeply matter ... matter ...
We know ourselves We know ourselves through our relations with others. through our relations with others.
New media create new ways of relating to others.New media create new ways of relating to others.New media create new ways of knowing New media create new ways of knowing
ourselves.ourselves.
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1,728,000 minutes/day
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Over 1,000x faster than you can watch
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493,714 videos/day
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493,714 videos/day(just on YouTube)
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1,000,000+ online videos per day
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over 99.9% irrelevant to you (estimated)
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Who is on YouTube
(percentage of videos featuring people of different ages)
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viewed by less than 1% of Americansviewed by less than 1% of Americans
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What are the Components of What are the Components of Digital Citizenship Digital Citizenship
1. Digital Etiquette: rules and policy
2. Digital Communication: electronic exchange of information
3. Digital Literacy: process of learning about technology and the use of technology
4. Digital Access: full electronic participation in society.
5. Digital Commerce: electronic buying and selling of goods.
6. Digital Law & Ethics: electronic responsibility for actions and deeds
7. Digital Rights & Responsibilities: those freedoms extended to everyone in a digital world.
8. Digital Health & Wellness: physical and psychological well-being in a digital world.
9. Digital Security (self-protection): electronic precautions to guarantee safety.
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Society & Citizenship- Twitter http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/mon-march-2-2009/twitter-frenzy
http://www.cnn.com/video/#/video/world/2009/06/18/dcl.barnett.iran.social.networks.cnn?iref=videosearch
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Can 140 Characters Make a Difference?Can 140 Characters Make a Difference?http://www.splashmedia.com/resources/blog/changing-the-world-in-140-characters-or-less/
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““Hanging Out”Hanging Out”digital health and safetydigital health and safety
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What What WeWeAre Are DoingDoingNowNow
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Social media and information overloadSocial media and information overload Americans now consume three times the information they did in 1960.
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The Societal ConsequencesThe Societal ConsequencesProtecting Your Digital HealthProtecting Your Digital Health
• Critical thinking• Career and reputation• Emotional & physical
health• Personal safety
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Critical Thinking Critical Thinking Developing Healthy Internet SkepticismDeveloping Healthy Internet Skepticism
Baloney Detection KitBaloney Detection Kit
http://www.michaelshermer.com/2001/11/baloney-detection/
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In December of 2009, Microsoft released statistics from a survey that they commissioned which drastically topped
those numbers, stating that 79% of hiring managers and job recruiters in the United States reviewed online information about job applicants, while 70% of those surveyed said that
they’ve rejected applicants based on their findings.
Your Image MattersYour Image Matters
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How Social Media ‘Mistakes’ How Social Media ‘Mistakes’ Impact Getting Hired or FiredImpact Getting Hired or Fired
Many employers use social networking sites along with personal blogs to look for what they call “digital dirt” We wondered what types of online content would actually affect an employer’s decision on either hiring or firing an employee.
Here’s a breakdown of what Microsoft found in the same aforementioned study:1. Concerns about the candidate’s lifestyle 58%2. Inappropriate comments and text written by the candidate 56%3. Unsuitable photos, videos and information 55%4. Inappropriate comments or text written by friends and relatives 43%5. Comments criticizing previous employers, coworkers or clients 40%6. Inappropriate comments or text written by colleagues or work acquaintances 40%7. Membership in certain groups and networks 35%8. Discovered that information the candidate shared was false 30%9. Poor communication skills displayed online 27%10. Concern about the candidate’s financial background 16%SOURCE:
http://www.safetyweb.com/online-reputation-guide-for-college-students#mistakes
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Personal SafetyPersonal SafetyVisit these sites at your own risk!Visit these sites at your own risk!
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A Gateway for Dangerous Behavior?A Gateway for Dangerous Behavior?
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http://omegle.com/
http://www.chatroulette.com/
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Chat RouletteChat Roulette
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Get around it with Snap Chat?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7oD0lrp_bBE
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Cyber Bullying and Social IsolationCyber Bullying and Social Isolation
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A Father’s Emotional Plea
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How Social Media Is Helping How Social Media Is Helping Defeat Cyber BullyingDefeat Cyber Bullying
With MTV launching Draw Your Line, a visualization tool that encourages young people to take action against digital abuse and share these actions and tips with others. The tool is part of A Thin Line, an organization dedicated to decreasing digital abuse and bullying, and protecting children and young adults from the dangers of an increasingly online world.
Visit: http://www.athinline.org/drawyourline
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“It's important to note that blaming technology for horrendous, violent displays of homophobia or racism or simple meanness lets adults like parents and teachers absolve themselves of the
responsibility to raise kids free from these evils. “ ~ Anil Dash
“There is a statistically significant weak positive relationship between home access to a computer or time spent online and whether or not students tease others.”
Barbara Lacey, “Social aggression: A study of Internet harassment”
“The authors fail to adequately summarize and analyze the data from the various studies, many of which appear on Internet web sites rather than in peer-reviewed journals. The few tables of data
are uninformative and presented without statistical analysis.”The American Journal of Psychiatry Book Review of: Cyber Bullying: Bullying in the Digital Age
“The results show that almost 54% of the students were victims of traditional bullying and over a quarter of them had been cyber-bullied. Almost one in three students had bullied others in the
traditional form, and almost 15% had bullied others using electronic communication tools. ”Qing L i, “New bottle but old wine: A research of cyberbullying in schools”
Does Social Media Cause Bullying?Does Social Media Cause Bullying?
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Can Anonymity Breed IrresponsibilityCan Anonymity Breed IrresponsibilityThe problem, say Formspring's critics, is the site offers a perfect haven for
cyberbulllying.
The recent suicide of 15-year-old Pheobe Prince has drawn attention to the problem of bullying in cyberspace because victims often have no idea who is tormenting them. A Boycott Formspring Group on Facebook claims almost
7,300 members.
http://www.dailyfinance.com/story/media/do-you-know-who-your-children-are-online-formsprings-raunchy-f/19452194/?a_dgi=aolshare_email
http://www.twloha.com/blog/some-thoughts-boycotting-formspring-in-1/
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A Thoughtful ResponseA Thoughtful Response http://www.facebook.com/notes/to-write-love-on-her-arms/some-thoughts-on-boycotting-
formspring-in-response-to-the-suicide-of-alexis-pilk/373781774657
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CyberbullyingWhat the research is telling us…
Amanda LenhartYouth Online Safety Working Group
May 6, 2010Washington, DC
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Teen internet use basics
• 93% of teens 12-17 go online• 63% of online teens go online daily• 89% of online teens go online from home, and
most of them go online from home most often• 77% of teen go online at school• 71% go online from friends or relatives house• 60% go online from a library• 27% go online on their mobile phone• 76% of households with teens go online via
broadband, 10% via dial up, and 12% do not have access at home.
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What are teens doing online?• 94% go online to do research for school assignments; 48% do so on
a typical day.• 81% go to websites about movies, TV shows, music groups, or sports
stars• 64% of online teens have created some kind of content online
• 62% go online to get news• 57% have watched a video on a video-sharing site like YouTube or
GoogleVideo• 55% go online to get information about a college, university or other
school that they are thinking about attending. • 48% have bought something online like books, clothes or music• 31% have looked online for health, dieting or physical fitness
information; 17% have looked online for sensitive health information
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How else are teens connecting?
• 75% of teens have a cell phone– No gender or race/ethnic differences in ownership– 50% of teens with phones talk to friends daily– 54% of teens send text messages daily– 27% use their phone to go online
• 73% of teens use an online social network site– 37% of SNS users send messages through social networks daily
• 80% of teens have a game console• 51% of teens have a portable gaming device
– Teens connect and interact with others online through games
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Concerns in Online Safety Sphere
• Inappropriate contact– Strangers– Bullies
• Inappropriate content– Accidental Exposure– Deliberate Exposure
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Bullying
Olweus (1993)“A person is bullied when he or she is exposed, repeatedly and over time, to
negative actions on the part of one or more other persons, and he or she has difficulty defending himself or herself."
This definition includes three important components:1. Bullying is aggressive behavior that involves unwanted, negative actions.2. Bullying involves a pattern of behavior repeated over time3. Bullying involves an imbalance of power or strength.”
Bullying – Physical – Relational/Verbal
-Internet
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Online Harassment & Cyberbullying
• Online harassment: aggressive behavior, “harm doing,” insults, denigration, impersonation, exclusion, outing, activities associated with hacking – stealing information, breaking into accounts, damaging websites, profiles etc. (Willard, 2006)
• Cyberbullying: online harassment that is – repeated over time – Involves a power imbalance between a perpetrator and a victim.
Power imbalance may be differences in online skills.
• Other complicating factor -- perpetrators are also often victims, sometimes online, sometimes elsewhere. Internet bullying can be particularly hard to disentangle. (Willard, 2006)
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What makes online harassment & bullying different?
• Technology is vehicle• Persistence of content
– Editable, alterable• Distributability of content
– Speed – Breadth
• Dis-inhibition over computer-mediated communication• Invasive
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Pew Internet: Online Harassment• 32% of online teens have experienced one of the following
forms of online harassment:– 15% of teens reported having private material (IM, txt,
email) forwarded without permission– 13% had received threatening messages– 13% said someone had spread a rumor about them
online– 6% had someone post an embarrassing picture of them
online without permission(Lenhart, 2007)
• 26% of teens have been harassed via their cell phones either by voice or text
(Lenhart, 2010)
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Cyberbullying• Other research shows prevalence of cyberbullying or online harassment
between 9% and 33% of youth ages 10-18. (Wolak et al, 2007, Ybarra et al, 2007)
• Much of the difference is definitional and depends on how the question was asked. Specific activities often yield higher levels of response than blanket definitions.
• Mid-teens (ages 14-17) is the age of greatest prevalence of online harassment & bullying (Pew, 2007, Hinduja & Patchin, 2008)
• Perpetrators of online bullying (similar to offline bullying) are generally the same age as their victim. (Wolak, 2007)
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Frequency of bullying victimization among 11-16 year olds
62%
27%
5%
3% 3%
Never
Less often than monthly
Once or twice a month
Once or twice a week
Everyday
(n=1,193)(Ybarra, 2009)
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Online Harassment (2)
• Girls, particularly older girls, report more online harassment; 38% of all online girls reported experiencing some type of harassment (Pew, 2007)
• Social network users are also more likely to report online harassment – 39% of SNS users have experience it. (Pew, 2007)
• But most teens (67%) think bullying & harassment happens more OFFLINE. (Pew, 2007)
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Frequency of bullying victimization among 11-16 year olds by environment
(n=1,193)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
School Internet Cell phone textmessaging
To and from school Some other place
Everyday
Once or twice a week
Once or twice a month
Less often than monthly
Never
(Ybarra, 2009)
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Online (or not) Harassment • School is by far the most common place youth report being bullied
(31%) versus elsewhere (e.g., 13% online)
• The prevalence rate of Internet harassment (both perpetration and victimization) appears to be stable (2006-2008).
• The majority (59%) of Internet harassment comes from other minors
• Youth who report being harassed online report a myriad of concurrent psychosocial problems offline, too
Source: Michele Ybarra & colleagues work on the 2005 Youth Internet Safety Survey fielded by UNH CCRC & 2007-2008 Growing up with Media research funded by the CDC.
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Why should we worry?
• Bullying is broadly associated with:– School violence– Delinquency– Suicidal ideation
• Bullied teens (and often bullies themselves) have higher levels of:– Depression and other psychological problems – Substance abuse – Delinquency / School avoidance– Weapon-carrying– Poor parent/caregiver relationships– Offline victimization/sexual abuse/physical abuse
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Why should we worry (2)?
• Some research suggests that significant portions of teens aren’t bothered by online harassment or bullying
• Research suggests that 1/3 of teens (34%) are distressed by online harassment. (Wolak et al, 2007)– Distressed = “Extremely or very upset or afraid”
• Teens who are high internet users are more likely to be distressed (Wolak, 2007)
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Overlap of cyberbullying & internet victimization
(Ybarra, 2010)
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Differences between cyberbullying & internet harassment
Cyberbullying is not more common than Internet harassment
• On average (between 2007-2008): 37% were harassed, 14% were bullied online in the past year
Cyberbullying is not more damaging than Internet harassment
• Among those cyberbullied, 15% report being very / extremely upset
• Among those harassed, between 17-34% report being very / extremely upset
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Cell phone-based harassment
• 75% of teens have cell phones• 54% of all teens text message daily• 26% have been harassed through their cell phone by voice
calls or text messages• 47% have sent a text message they regretted sending• And then there’s sexting – which is generally not a form of harassment itself, but when the images are shared, can lead to harassment and bullying.
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Sending Sexts
• No difference by gender• Oldest teens most likely to have sent
– 8% of 17 year olds– 4% of 12 year olds
• 17% who pay for all the costs of the phone send sexts vs. 3% of others
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Receiving Sexts• Again, no gender differences and increases by age
– 4% of 12 year olds– 20% of 16 year olds– 30% of 17 year olds
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Sexting Scenarios
1. Between two romantic partners, as a part of, instead of, or as a prelude to sex – never leaves couple
2. Between two romantic partners – but shared with others
3. Between two people where at least one would like to be in a relationship – shows interest
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Element of coercion for some sexting
“When I was about 14-15 years old, I received/sent these types of pictures. Boys usually ask for them or start that type of
conversation. My boyfriend, or someone I really liked asked for them. And I felt like if I didn’t do it, they wouldn’t continue to talk to me. At the time, it was no big deal. But now looking
back it was definitely inappropriate and over the line.” 17 year old girl