week 1 commercial law - introduction & chapter 1.ppt

8/16/2019 Week 1 COMMERCIAL LAW - Introduction & Chapter 1.ppt

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RANACO EDUCATION & TRAINING

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LAW 243 COMMERCIAL LAW

LAW 243

COMMERCIAL LAW

1

COURSE OUTCOME

CO1. Students should be able to understand the principles of law

and regulations affecting business transaction ( PO 1 )

CO2. Students should be able to have the knowledge by relating tothe current cases at court ( PO 1 PO ! )

C"#. Students should be able to understand the ter$ used in the

legal environ$ent of business ( PO 1 PO % )

CO&. Students should be able to i$ple$ent theoretical conceptinto real cases ( PO % PO ! )


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CHAPTER 1

MALAYSIAN LEGAL SYSTEM

1.1 'efinition of law1.2 Classification of law1.# Sources of alaysian law1.& udicial syste$ in alaysia


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LESSON OUTCOME

*y the end of this chapter students should be able to+

1.'efine the word ,law-

2.now the classification of law and its co$ponents in brief #./dentify the sources of alaysian law

&.0nderstand the udicial syste$ in alaysia


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SUBTOPIC 1:

DEFINITION OF LAW


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1.1 Definii!n !f "#$

5

A%i&i':

B(#in)!(*hat co$es to

your $ind when

you heard theword

3aw4


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+ O,f!(- Di%i!n#(':

Te )')e* !f (/"e) $i% #0#(i%/"#( %!/n(' !(

%!**/ni' (e%!nie) #)(e/"#in e #%i!n) !f i)*e*e() #n- $i% i *#'enf!(%e ' e i*0!)ii!n

0en#"ie).

6Source+ O8ford dictionary


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+ Si( !n S#"*!n-5167281924:

Te !-' !f 0(in%i0"e)

(e%!nie- #n- #00"ie- '

e )#e in e

#-*ini)(#i!n !f ;/)i%e.

7Source+ 3ee ei Pheng 9 /van eron 'etta Co$$ercial law O8ford :aar 2"11.


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SUBTOPIC 2:

CLASSIFICATION OF LAW

8


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1.2 C"#))ifi%#i!n !f "#$

LAW

Public law

(individual+state)

International law

(state+state)

Private law

(individual+individual)

Constitutional

law

Criminal

law

Public

international

law

Private

International

law

e.g. Law of

contract

e.g. Law

Of trust

9


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P/"i% "#$ :

• 6he law which governs the relationship between individuals and the

state.

• Public law $ay be further subdivided into two categories i.e.

constitutional law and cri$inal law.

• Constitutional law lays down the rights of individuals in the state. /tdeals with ;uestions such as supre$acy of Parlia$ent and rights of

citi


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Ine(n#i!n#" "#$:• 6he law which governs the relationship between state and

state.

• /t $ay be subdivided into two categories+

1. Public international law

2. Private international law.

Source+ 3ee ei Pheng 9 /van eron 'etta Co$$ercial law O8ford :aar 2"11.


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P(ie "#$:

• Private law concerned with $atters that affect the rights and

duties of individuals a$ongst the$selves.

12




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SUBTOPIC 3:

SOURCES OF MALAYSIAN LAW

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1.3 S!/(%e) !f M#"#')i#n "#$

6he $ain sources of alaysian law are+

=. ritten law (also referred to as statute law)+

1. :ederal Constitution

2. State Constitution

#. 3egislation

&. Subsidiary legislation

*. 0nwritten law+

1. 7nglish law2. udicial decision

#. Custo$ary law

C. /sla$ic law



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A. WRITTEN LAW

1. Fe-e(#" C!n)i/i!n+

> Supre$e law of alaysia

> Provides the powers of the:ederal 9 State ?overn$ents

> Provides funda$entalrights of individual

15Source+ 3ee ei Pheng 9 /van eron 'etta Co$$ercial law O8ford :aar 2"11.



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2. S#e C!n)i/i!n:

> @egulates State ?overn$ents

> Contains provisions derived fro$ Ath schedule of the

:ederal Constitution

3. Lei)"#i!n:

> enacted by Parlia$ent and the state asse$blies

• =ct+ laws $ade after 1B!

• Ordinances+ > laws $ade 1B&%>1B!

> laws in Sarawak

Source+ 3ee ei Phen 9 /van eron 'etta Co$$ercial law O8ford :a ar 2"11.



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4. S/)i-i#(' "ei)"#i!n:

8 3aws $ade under any =cts 7nact$ents orOrdinances

> Dery i$portant because specify the laws in $ore detailand for everyday $atters

> 78a$ple+

Parent =ct ($ain law) + Eire>Purchase =ct 1B!Subsidiary 3egislation + Eire>Purchase(@epossession) @egulation> Subsidiary legislation $ade in contravention of either a parent =ct or the Constitution is void.




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B. UNWRITTEN LAW

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1. En"i) "#$:

> =pplicable in the absence of local laws

> Suitable to local circu$stances

En"i) C!**e(%i#" L#$<

• Section (2) of the Civil 3aw =ct 1B% 7nglish co$$ercial lawapplies to Penang alacca Sabah 9 Sarawak

• /f no local laws applicable• 6oday $any local laws dealing with co$$ercial $atters

e.g. Contracts =ct 1B" Partnership =ct 1B%1 Co$panies =ct1B%




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2. /-i%i#" -e%i)i!n):

> udgeFs decision

> Doctrine of binding precedent +

5ot decide cases arbitrarily> $ust follow precedents(previous decisions of si$ilar situations). 7ach court is

bound by the decisions of courts of the sa$e level or

higher than it in the sa$e hierarchy of courts whether or

not it believes a decision is correct.

Source+ 3ee ei Phen 9 /van eron 'etta Co$$ercial law O8ford :a ar 2"11.



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3. C/)!*#(' "#$:

> Custo$s practiced by local people

> ?enerally custo$s relating to fa$ily law are given

legal force by courts in alaysia>$arriage divorce

inheritance

> Sabah and Sarawak+ native custo$ary laws apply

> Peninsular alaysia+

=dat Perpatih > alays in 5egeri Se$bilan 9 5aning in

elaka

> land lineage election of rulers

=dat 6e$enggung > $any states

> fro$ Pale$bang Su$atra




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C. ISLAMIC LAW

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• applicable to usli$s only does not apply to non usli$s

• fa$ily $atters ($arriage and divorce)

• estate $atters (inheritance wasiat)




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SUBTOPIC 4:

UDICIAL SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA

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1.4 /-i%i#" )')e* in M#"#')i#

FEDERAL COURTFEDERAL COURT

COURT OF APPEALCOURT OF APPEAL

High Court in MalayaHigh Court in MalayaHigh Court inHigh Court in

Sabah & S’waSabah & S’wa

S!""ion" CourtS!""ion" Court

Magi"trat!"’ CourtMagi"trat!"’ Court

P!nghulu’" CourtP!nghulu’" Court

Syariah CourtSyariah Court

S!""ion CourtS!""ion Court

#ati$! Court#ati$! Court Syariah CourtSyariah Court

Magi"trat!"’ CourtMagi"trat!"’ Court

%u$!nil! Court %u$!nil! Court

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ASSIGNME

NT


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#. 0nwritten law also referred to as statute law (6rue G :alse)

&. /n Perak alacca Sabah and Sarawak 7nglish co$$ercial

law at the date on which the $atter has to be decided is

applicable in the absence of local legislation (6rue G :alse)



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. udge decides cases arbitrarily without refer to decided

cases (6rue G :alse)

%. 6he following state$ents are true e8cept+

a. :ederal Constitution provides funda$ental rights of

individual

b. udge $ust follow precedents (previous decisions of

si$ilar situations)

c. 7nglish law applicable in the absence of local

laws eventhough not suitable with local

circu$stances

d. State Constitutions contains provisions derived

fro$ Ath schedule of the :ederal Constitution



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!. Subsidiary legislation $ade in contravention of either a parent =ct or the Constitution is voidable (6rue G :alse)

A. Private law is the law which governs the relationship between individuals and the state (6rue G :alse)

B. Public law is the law which governs the relationship betweenstate and state (6rue G :alse)

1". Public law $ay be further subdivided into 2 categories+constitutional law and cri$inal law (6rue G :alse)



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THAN? YOU@

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week 1 commercial law - introduction & chapter 1.ppt

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