Name________________________________Class Period__________

Magnets and Electromagnetism Review

1. What are the two strongest areas of force on a magnet called?

______________ Poles ________________________________________________________________________

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2. Define Magnetic Field

____ magnetic area around a magnet __________________________________________________

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3. Define Magnetic Domain

__ Areas where atoms’ magnetic fields line up ________________________________________________

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4. How are magnetism and electricity related (HINT: explain about electromagnetism and electromagnetic induction)

__ Magnetism can produce electric current. This is called electromagnetic induction _____________________

____ Electricity can cause magnetism! Electromagnets are powerful magnets that can be turned on and off.

5. Explain how Earth’s layers contribute to making the Earth’s magnetic field

The Earth behaves as if there was a magnet in its interior. The Earth’s magnetic field comes from the currents in the molten iron core. These currents create a complex magnetic field that ends up acting like a bar magnet. As electrons flow around the core the magnetic field is produced

6. What is a compass and how does it work?

The North Pole of the Earth has a “south” polarity. As a result a compass will always point towards the North. A compass is a Magnetized piece of metal that can spin.

7. What ways does the Earth’s magnetic field help protect life on Earth?

A Magnetic Field also protects us from the Solar Wind. The Sun produces a stream of charged particles that spread throughout the solar system. These particles are deflected by the Earth’s Magnetic Field

8. The North Pole of the Earth has a __Southern____polarity and the South Pole of the Earth has a __Northern_____ polarity

9. What happens on the sun to produce its magnetic fields?The Sun is SO hot because gravity pulls its mass together so strongly that near the core of the sun atoms fuse together. This fusion converts Hydrogen to Helium and energy. This energy gets absorbed and turned into heatThe Sun is SO hot that electrons cannot stay attached to the nucleus of the atoms. This means that the Sun is mostly a hot, electrically charged gas known as plasma. The Sun’s magnetic field comes from currents in and around the Sun that are caused by the moving “plasma”

10. What element makes up most of the sun?____Hydrogen_______

11. What element does fusion in the sun produce?______Helium________ 12. What is plasma?

__________ a hot, electrically charged gas ___________________________________________

13. What is a magnetometer and what does it do?

____It is an instrument used to measure a planet’s magnetic field__________________________________

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14. What types of electromagnetism do stars give off?

Radio Waves TV waves Radar waves Heat (infrared radiation) Light X-rays Gamma Rays Ultraviolet Light (This is what causes Sunburns) Microwaves, like in a microwave oven

15. How can we tell which type of electromagnetic radiation is which?

___ We can measure the different kind by wavelength ______________________________

16. What layer of Earth is the crust (1st,2nd, 3rd -outer core, or 4th- inner core) and what is it made of?

________1st The Crust:A Thin Rock Material

17. What layer of Earth is the Mantle (1st,2nd, 3rd , 4th) and what is it made of?

2nd The Mantle:A Dense and Mostly Solid Rock Material

18. What layer of Earth is the outer core (1st,2nd, 3rd , 4th)) and what is it made of?

3rd The Outer Core:Liquid Iron and Nickel

19. What layer of Earth is the inner core (1st,2nd, 3rd , 4th) and what is it made of?

4th The Inner Core:Solid Iron and Nickel

20. Draw a picture of a homemade electromagnet made of the following materials:Battery, wire, iron nail.

21. Draw a picture of a bar magnet and its magnetic field

22. Draw a picture of the Sun and its solar winds going towards Earth as well as Earth’s magnetic field

23. What are some ways that can make an electromagnet stronger?Increasing electrical current (higher voltage on battery or more batteries), more coils in the wire