Web 2.0 Mapping for

Travel, Tourism and More

Alan A. LewNorthern Arizona University

http://AlanLew.com

Outline1. Web 2.0

2. User Generated Maps

3. Mapping 2.0 Mashups

4. Location Based Services

5. Virtual Worlds

6. Online Digital Mapping Issues

1. Web 2.0

“ Web 2.0 ”Web 2.0

Second Revolution in Internet growthNew Levels & Forms of Access to informationInternet = invisible part of every day life

New Concepts, Applications, Websites, Channels Social software Blogging, Ajax Folksonomy / TaggingRuby on Rails Location Based servicesOpen source Digital media sharing

Democratizing the Tools of Production User Generated & Contributed Data

“Ideas Over Costs”Online business without venture capital

“A Billion Niches” Custom streams, not mass markets

Enabled by High Speed Internet

Social Software“…lets people rendezvous, connect or collaborate by use of a computer

network” “software that supports group interaction” (wikipedia.org)

Instant Messaging Internet Relay Chat

chat rooms Internet Forums

bulletin boards Social Network Services

MySpaces Social Guides /

Recommendation Systems TripAdvisor, Yelp

Social Bookmarking Folksonomy / Tagging Del.icio.us, Google Notebook

Social Reputation Network eBay

Weblogs Blogs, Podcasts,

Vlogs/Videocasts

Social Citations Citeulike.org – online

references Peer-to-Peer Social

Networks file sharing – photos, games

Virtual Presence meeting in online worlds like

Second Life Virtual Worlds & Massively

Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs) World of Warcraft, Webkinz

VOIP – Internet Telephony Skype, GizmoProject

Wikis Collaborative Writing/Editing Google Docs, Wikipedia

2. User Generated Maps

User Generated Maps Basic Mapping Tools

maps.Google.com, maps.Yahoo.com, Microsoft (local.live.com), maps.Ask.com and Mapquest.com

Heated competition - new feature rollouts make comparisons a moving target

Most offer User Map Creation, Saving & Sharing

User Created Maps MyWorld66 on World66.com

Visited Countries choropleth mapping tool 43Places.com – point maps of places visited or want to

visit MyLifeOfTravel.com – Point & Line Maps tracing trips

Map Mashups Flagr.com - Point maps of places visited and

remembered JumpClaimerer.com - SMS/text message Trip tracking LicketyTrip.com

Uses Google maps to show Last Minute Vacation Rentals

Collective / Shared Intelligence of Users

Travel Mapping

Social Network Travel Sites

43Places.com list & discuss places to go & places have been (mapped)travel tips & place descriptions

VirtualTourist.com - 700,000+ membersEach Day: 1,000+ travel tips, 2,000+ forum postings, 1,000+ page comments, 75+ new travel deals, & 400+ new members

Yelp.com - restaurants, dentists, hairstylists, & anything local

I Love Travel Stories - “The best new travel writing on the web? You choose. You decide.”

Lifecasting

3. Mapping 2.0 Mashups

The Web as a Platform

Housingmaps.com First Online Map Mashup

Combined 2 others sites to create a new site

Google Maps + CraigsList.com

Web 2.0 Mashups – 3 Types Consumer Mashups

Best known – Available as Websites for all users The many Google Maps applications data elements from multiple sources hidden behind a

simple unified graphical interface

Data Mashups Mixes data of similar types from different sources

Yahoo Pipes e.g., combining the data from multiple RSS feeds (such

as blogs and news websites) into a single feed with a graphical front end

Enterprise Mashups Integrates data from internal and external sources

e.g., create a market share report by combining an external list of all houses sold in the last week with internal data about which houses one agency sold

JackBe

Real Estate Data

Maps for Travelers

YouTube Video

Map Mashups

4. Location Based Services

Location Based Services Mobile Phone Location Information

Mapquest Find Me (findme.mapquest.com) - to find restaurants, etc - US$4/month

Cell phone or web; GPS & Cell tower IDs; POI information Can save locations from phone or via web

Location history can be shared with selected others Where.com – Cell phone based POI information, maps, routes & buddy

SMS

GPS Tracking Vehicle and Transportation Tracking

AtRode.com Teen Arrive Alive - how fast kids are driving PawTracks.com – for pets – sms from a

pet collar if pet passes a boundary

Geotagging – mostly photos GeoSnapper - GPS Cell phone Photo tagging Tourists & Business uses

real estate, insurance adjustors

Location Based Service Data

GPS, SMS/Cell tower information GPS for outside & Cell towers for inside buildings

Maps Sources / Location Data Sets Maps, directions, addresses, points of interest (poi), third

party data Requires Data Center Reliability Level at 99.999% or better

All must be Normalized

Customer User Profiles Privacy requirements and options

Day/Work v. Night/Home times Data update frequency

Too quickly will drain phone battery Desired information

View location, directions, poi’s On phone, dial in, sms, auto notice

Travel Information Search in the Digital Environment

Pre-TripEn Route and

On-SitePost-Trip

• Planning• Image, expectation-formation

• Anticipation• Decision-making• Transaction

• Connection• Navigation• Short-term decision making

• Documentation – artifact collection

• Sharing• Creativity/innovation • On-site transaction• Value creation

• Sharing• Documentation• External memory• Re-experiencing• Attachment/identity• Meaning making• Narrative

Source for this slide: Daniel Fesenmaier, Temple University

Implications for Destination Marketing: Extending Concepts to the Mobile Domain

5. Virtual Worlds

Virtual Worlds Mirror Worlds: or the Day Software Puts the Universe in a Shoebox...How It Will

Happen and What It Will Mean - by David Gelernter (1991)

MS Virtual Earth 2D + 3D model of earth Windows Live Local = consumer

Real time traffic30 countires with mapping

+ driving directions Mostly N.America + Europe

Focus on Aerial Photography80% birdseye coverage of

Europe + US - 6” resolution per pixelSupplemented by Satellite (1 meter resolution)

and street side photography Users can save own data to maps Can be linked to live data sources for tracking traffic +

weather

Google Earth Google’s Mission:

Organize the World’s Information and make it user accessible

Geography as a Filter of: History, News, Photographs Viewing in Geographic Context

Google Maps = any one can access online Many map mashups – any browser Main Google mapping product

location searches & driving directions

Google Earth (Earth.google.com) Downloadable Client Browser/Application 3-D Virtual Planet

Google’s extreme, state of the art, mapping product Started at Silicon Graphics company, then Keyhole, then Google

Traditional Geographic Data Google Spatial Geometry

XML schema – public domain on Google Earth website

Points, Polygons, other? Recently 3-d building data Integration with Google maps

Virtual Worlds

360 degree photos http://ChicagoTravelers.com

Hotel video reviews http://Trivop.com

MMOGs World of Warcraft

3-D Social Worlds Second Life Starwood Hotels ->

Sheraton + Westin

Earthmine.com

Pre-collects a base layer of 3D panoramic images geospatially accurate and complete street-level 3D

data mine of our urban environments every street, alley and freeway every pixel in every image has highly accurate

longitude, latitude and depth information data

Mapping, measuring, drawing, tagging, modeling and exporting of 3D entities from the earthmine data libraries

Integrate with any browser-based application and major GIS applications

6. Online Digital Mapping Issues

Traditional GIS & Online Mapping

Traditional GIS Companies – explosion in 80s Missed the boat on online GIS

Too complicated for common use

Development of Underground Online GIS Do not like “GIS” acronym

GIS acronym will go away Map = Metaphor for the Content

Just like a Report or a Chart Content is what is important

The Map Mashup = Liberating the Content

Developers Clamoring to do Online Mapping Google, Yahoo!, Microsoft – APIs allow maps

API = Application Programming Interface

Online Digital Map Sources

All GPS digital maps come from 2 sources Tele Atlas - Belgium-base

Bought by TomTom GPS NavTeq - Chicago-based

Bought by Nokia Fear of Restriction of Access to other companies

Emphasis on Maps for Nokia + TomTom devices

Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) FreeDemographics.com

Information Commons (Maya Design group)

Access to Public Data for Political Decision Making

Users can add Information DataWay for People to Correct their own Geodata

Data Consumers = Data Producers = Data Owners

Mapping & User Privacy Computer or Cell Phone Location Broadcasting

Who will know this information boss?, spouse?, parents?, friends?, press?, police?, world? Are we public all the time? Where is information held?

What country (China)? And for how long? Can users censor this? spoof it?

Not just Where, but What we are doing Justin.tv & ijustine.tv - Lifecasting Twitter.com – What are you doing now? WAYN.com – Where Are You Now?

What do the users Want? Need? Opt-in or Opt-out default?

Street-Level Photography

Social Software Personal information held by a third party (not you)

Government can access this data for security and surveillance

Not well protected by law -- better in Europe

A New Geography ?Kenichi Ohmae: The Invisible Continent (2001)

Old Continents: Land Based, State Power

The New Continent

Borderless & Cyber-basedEasy movement of info.

across all kinds of borders national & corporate

Easy to enter – Open to AllMust give up old thinking

Governance & Infrastructure under development

Carve your own territory

Highly Individualistic ValuesNo domination by social groups or elitesValue not based on traditional profit models

RESOURCES 2D Mapping

Google Maps, Microsoft Maps.Live, Yahoo Local, Mapquest

3D Mapping Google Earth

http://earth.google.com/ Microsoft – Virtual Earth – 2D and 3D

http://maps.live.com

Mashups Awards for Online Mapping Apps Mapping

http://mashupawards.com/category/geo-targeting/ Travel

http://mashupawards.com/category/travel/ Real Estate

http://mashupawards.com/category/real-estate/ Weather

http://mashupawards.com/category/weather/

Mashable.com – 50+ Online Map Tools http://mashable.com/2007/07/23/online-maps/