Life Science Final Review 2015Please Review your notes and session sheets on the following:Biomes and EcosystemsTolerance LabIntegumentary SystemHabitat BrochureEarth FactorsCardiovascular SystemDigestive SystemMuscle and JointsPlease Review the Following Vocabulary Terms:Absorb mammal autonomic calorie energy Excretory system muscle organAorta artery bilateral symmetry blood blood vessels cardiovascular system circulate circulatory systemHeart pulmonary artery pulse respiration respiratory system system valve vein

ventricleBreathe capillary carbon dioxide cardiovascular system lungs tracheaHabitat natural selection natural resources estuary food chain arthropodDeforestation desertificationdrought emission biodiversity biological diversityBiome pollute adaptation global warmingTemperature or Precipitation with their Ecosystem, Plant with their Ecosystem, Abiotic Factors or Limiting Factors with their Ecosystem:Rainforest Deciduos Forest Taiga Savanna Steppe PraireChaparral Desert Tundra Freshwater Lakes & Ponds OceansSwamp/Bogs Marsh Rivers Estuaries Coral Reefs PolarFill in the Blank Questions to aide in reviewing for the Final:

1. A ______________________ is when freshwater meets salt water2. _____________________ is considered Earth’s most complex land biome3. _______________ cover ¾ of the Earth4. For all ecosystems we learned that they all suffer from the same threat. What is

that threat? _________________5. __________________ contain the greatest number of grazing animals on Earth6. ____________ zone: nutrient rich area found close to shore7. ____________ zone: bottom of the lake where no sunlight can reach8. __________________ are breeding areas for many fish9. What are the 3 areas of the oral cavity: ______________________, ________________,

_________10. What are the 4 alimentary layers: __________, ______________, ___________, ____________11. What are the two main groups of organs in the digestive system: ______________,

___________12. Hanging from the soft palate is a conical structure called the ____________13. __________________: alternate waves of muscular contraction and relaxation in the primary

digestive organs

14. _____________: mixing of food in the intestines with digestive juices.15. Carbohydrates, Fat, and Proteins are broken down by enzymes during what part of digestion:

______________________16. The ___________________ muscle opens the jaw17. The ___________________ muscle closes the jaw18. What is the largest of the salivary glands? ___________________19. What enzyme do the salivary glands produce? _____________________20. What is physically happening when you swallow?21. What are the 6 steps of the digestive system?22. _________________A stretchy bag that holds your food after you eat23. ________________Tube that is 20 feet long.24. _________________ Helps you digest food by breaking down sugars25. _________________ Storage tank for bile (a greenish-yellow liquid) that helps your body break

down and use fats26. ________________ the tube that connects your mouth and your stomach27. ________________ Tube that is 5 feet long28. ________________ Factory for antibodies and bile29. What is the first step in digestion? ____________30. What is the enzyme that aides indigetion, it I found in your mouth? ____________31. You have a trap door called the __________ to cover your windpipe when you swallow.32. The five most common symptoms of a heart attack are(list 3 please):33. Women often have different symptoms of heart attack from men. The most common symptoms reported

by women are(list 2):34. _________ is made up of fat, cholesterol and other substances found in the blood.35. Coronary artery disease, Peripheral artery disease, and Carotid artery disease have the same

issues in why they are caused. What do they all have: _________________ ____________ ______________ ________________ (4 WORDS)

36. List 3 Risk factors that increase your chances of developing heart failure:37. The primary function of the ______________ system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order

for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body.

38. _____________: Passageway to transport to the esophagus and trachea

39. The overall function of the ____________ system is to transport materials throughout the body toward and away from particular target organs and tissues.

40. ________________: Carries blood to body and back to the heart41. ________________:Carries blood to lungs and back to the heart42. 3 types of vessels: _______________. ___________________, ________________43. ________________: carries blood away from heart44. ____________:Pocket shape, Site of gas exchange, Dry; very elastic(What is this describing)

There are three different types of energy set-ups for species. Below are descriptions of each. Please tell me what pyramid is being described:

______________________ : Only 10% of the energy available within one tropic level is transferred to the next

____________________: Number of individuals at each trophic level

__________________: Total amount of living tissue within each trophic level

Define the below interactions and give me an example of each as well:Mutualism : Commensalism: Parasitism:

1. Matter is recycled within and between __________________2. ________________ the theory stating that natural variation among organisms that make them

best adapted to their environment live and reproduce, therefore passing on to their offspring the genetic qualities best suited to that environment

3. ________________ – study of interactions among and between organisms and their environment

4. Capture energy from sunlight (_______________) or from chemical energy (______________) 5. Each biome is defined by a unique set of: ____________ and _______________6. TOGETHER (Biotic and Abiotic factors) “___________” of an organism7. Ecological Methods use a wide range of techniques to observe animals. What are the three

techniques;______________________, _____________________, __________________8. Matter is not used up…it is _________________9. ________________Any relationship in which 2 species live closely together (3 main types)10. ___________ formulas are used to make predictions about future events based on observations

from the present11. Matter is recyled through biogeochemical cycles: _____________________ and ____________12. _________________: Rely on other organisms for energy and food (cellular respiration) 13. _________________ : Occurs when a resource is being used at the same time in the same place.14. Main form of energy on Earth = ______________15. ____________ factors: Biological influences on organisms within an ecosystem and it Includes

the entire living cast of characters with which an organism might interact16. There are four Factors that affect population size: __________, ___________, __________,

________17. The skin consists of an outer ____________ and an underlying

___________, connected to underlying tissue by the __________ layer.18.Hair color is determined by _________ by producing various amounts of

____________ 19.The subcutaneous layer is composed of loose connective tissue and

insulating ____________ tissue. (fat)20._________ Glands or sudoriferous glands are associated with, stress, being

frightened, in pain or with temperature changes.21.__________ cuts are closed off by clots, covered by scabs, and eventually

filled in by fibroblasts, making connective tissue. Blood vessels extend into the area, injured tissues are replaced, and the scab falls off.

22.________ wounds leave scars and healing may be accompanied by the formation of granulations.

23.__________consists of stratified squamous epithelial cells overlying the nail bed with the lunula as the most actively growing region of the nail root.

24.Sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles and secrete ________ that waterproofs and moisturizes the hair shafts.

25.Dermal blood vessels carry nutrients to upper layers of skin and help to regulate ______________

Match the type of Epithelial cell with its image:Simple cuboidal simple squamous stratified columnar simple columnar

stratified squamous Pseudostratified Columnar stratified cuboidal

(vas deferens, male urethra, and pharynx)

(Kidney and glands)

(sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, and pancreas) (Small intestine, stomach, uterus)

(Esophagus, skin, mouth, throat, vagina and anus)

(Trachea)

(Lungs, blood vessels, lymph vessels and body cavities)

List the three functions of connective tissue?List the three cell types of connective tissues and give examples of each?What is the function of adipose tissue? Where is adipose tissue found in the body?Name the three types of cartilage and describe where one would find these structures.Describe the parts of blood. What is the function of blood?There are three types of muscles found in the body. Please provide me with the type a description and location each would be found:Where are nervous tissues found?List the three layers of skin. Describe the type of cells that make up each layer.

Fill in the Blank:What type of joint is your knee?What type of joint is your spine?What type of joint is your hip?What type of joint is in your cranium?What is the scientific name given to bone to bone connections that restrict movement?What lubricant moves within the joint when you crack your knucklesHow many ball and socket joints are there in the human body?Where would you find hinge joints in the human body?Where would you find gliding joints in the human body?How many bones are involved in the elbow joint?How many bones are involved in the knee joint?How many vertebrae separated by discs are there in a human spine?Since muscles can only pull (not push), they work in pairs called _______________ musclesThe muscle that bends the joint is called the _____muscleThe muscle that straightens the joint is called the _______ muscle Match the term to the description:Flexor extensor evertor invertor

Abductor Scapulae abductorThe Skeletal System supports the body by:

Help keeps body ____________ Support system of organs: ___________

The Skeletal System protects innards like: ______________The bones function to producing _______ cells

Red blood cells come from ______________ Three different types of muscles: ____________, ____________, ___________________________joint allows movement in one plane (flexion, extension) and is termed uniaxial__________ joint also allows movement in one plane; and is uniaxial____________ joint is a joint allowing primary movement in one plane, with small amounts of movement in another plane (rotation). It is found at the knee joint.______________ joint allows movement in two planes and is biaxial._________________ joint allows movement in three planes and is the most mobile of the joints._____________ cause the skeleton to move at jointsThey are attached to skeleton by __________.Tendons transmit muscle force to the ____________.Tendons are made of ___________fibres & are very strong & stiff