Question Correct Answer Answer 2 Answer 3 Answer 4

Wildlife management, as we know it today, has evolved during the past ________ years.

75-100 1-25 25-50 50-75

As early as 1694, Massachusetts declared a ________ on white-tailed deer as an early effort at wildlife management.

closed season open season ban none of the answers listed

The period from ________ saw the greatest abuse of wild animals in North America.

1700-1900 1500-1700 1300-1500 none of the answers listed

By 1776 every southeastern state except ________ had established a closed season on deer.

Georgia Alabama South Carolina Tennessee

From the very beginning in Jamestown, the English settlers had no intention of adapting to the ________.

wilderness environment climate none of the answers listed

In 1810, Alexander Wilson observed a flock of ________ in Kentucky. passenger pigeons geese ducks none of the answers listed

Occuring in the mid-1870s, an estimated ________ birds were devastated by market hunters from all over the country.

136 million 136,000 136 billion 13,600

Though they will never number in the millions, as they did in the 1800s, it is a tribute to early ________ that the bison and pronghorn are here at all.

conservationists environmentalists pioneers none of the answers listed

The passage of the ________ in 1900 ended market hunting and the interstate shipment of wildlife and wildlife products, such as feathers,

Lacey Act Wildlife Enforcement Hunting Rule Lacey Enforcement

This president has been called the father of American conservation. Theodore Roosevelt William McKinley William Howard Taft Woodrow Wilson

Yellowstone National Park, the nation's first and for many years only national park, was founded in ________.

1872 1876 1880 1868

Modern ________ has evolved only since the early 1900s. wildlife management wilderness extinction environment

________ had a closed season on white-tailed deer as early as 1694. Massachusetts Rhode Island Delaware New York

America was blessed with a tremendous abundance of ________. fauna crops flowers none of the answers listed

Early settlers in America went from starvation to prosperity by learning how to ________ wildlife.

exploit respect defeat neglect

During the first 200 years of our nation, before ________ became well established, wildlife provided food and clothing for a growing nation.

agriculture the soil the animals none of the answers listed

Early English colonists, unlike the French to the north, had no intention of adapting to the ________.

environment habitat country conditions

Many species of wildlife were found in great numbers; it is estimated that there were ________ million plains bison and billions of _______.

40-60; passenger pigeons

5-15; geese 20-40; deer 80-100; antelope

The last ________ died in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914. passenger pigeon dodo bird King Island Emu Labrador duck

The U.S. government unofficially encouraged the slaughter of _______ as a means of defeating Native Americans on the Great Plains.

buffalo plains bison antelope deer

Through the efforts of ________ and conservationists, many species of wildlife are plentiful today.

sport hunters the government various individuals none of the answers listed

Early sport hunters worked to change American attitudes toward the ________ of wild game.

commercialization developing lessening none of the answers listed

________ hunters played a major role in eliminating much of America's wildlife from its original range.

Market Sport All none of the answers listed

All wildlife produces a/an ________, which allows for some harvest without damaging the overall population.

surplus need necessity excess

All wildlife are extremely vulnerable when ________ tactics are used. unsporting fair just wrong

Market hunters were motivated to kill for ________. money sport food clothing

In the late 1870s it became stylish for women to wear hats heavily decorated with ________.

feathers or whole birds

feathers whole birds none of the answers listed

________, the nation's first national park, was established in 1872. Yellowstone Grand Canyon Grand Teton Yosemite

The primary federal agency responsible for wildlife management in America is the ________.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

U.S. Forest Service Bureau of Land Management

Conservation Reserve Program

The Bureau of ________ and the U.S. Forest Service have wildlife management responsibilities.

Land Management Fish and Wildlife Federal Reserve none of the answers listed

Each ________ has an agency that manages wildlife. state city country none of the answers

In 1956 the ________ Act created the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Fish and Wildlife Wildlife Restoration Sport Fisheries Restoration

none of the answers listed

The mission of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is to conserve, ________, and enhance fish, wildlife, and their habitats.

protect breed assure keep

The primary responsibilities of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service are protecting and enhancing migratory birds, ________, freshwater and fisheries, and certain marine mammals.

endangered species game animals animals none of the answers listed

Recovery plans established to help save endangered species may include habitat preservation and management, ________, research, and law enforcement.

captive breeding study analysis none of the answers listed

Two recent success stories in the endangered species battle include the ________ and the bald eagle.

American alligator American Bison American Cinchona Plantation Treefrog

Amicorum Tree Toad

The Fish and Wildlife Service supervises the nation's ________ system.

wildlife refuge hatchery forest agriculture

The nation's first wildlife refuge was established in 1903 by President ________.

Theodore Roosevelt William McKinley William Howard Taft Woodrow Wilson

Although the first refuge consisted of only 3 acres, the National Wildlife Refuge System has since grown to more than ________ million acres.

90 80 70 60

Refuges are located in ________ states and several territories. 50 45 40 35

The majority of National Wildlife Refuges have been created to protect ________.

migratory waterfowl freshwater fish marine mammals fisheries

Refuges are enjoyed by more than ______ million Americans each year.

25 50 75 100

The United States has treaties with Canada, Mexico, ________, and Russia on the protection of migratory birds.

Japan China France Thailand

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has responsibility for more than __________ species of migratory birds.

800 700 600 500

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service supervises the banding of more than ________ birds each year.

45 million 55 million 65 million 75 million

Banding helps the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service determine migratory routes, ________, breeding age, and other life history information of various species.

distribution habitats ages none of the answers listed

Restoring fisheries is a major effort of the ________ Service. U.S. Fish and Wildlife United Fisherman Fisheries Restoration none of the answers

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service uses more than 70 national fish ________ to produce more than 160 million fish each year.

hatcheries lakes oceans rivers or streams

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service also works to conserve wildlife ____. habitat breeding conservation none of the answers

Conducting ________ may be the most important task of the Fish and Wildlife Service.

research analysis experimentation an expedition

Biologists must know the impact of ________, pesticides, heavy metals, and other pollutants have on fish and wildlife.

chemicals nets acid ammunition

Researchers study endangered species and their habitats; fish health, genetics, and nutrition; and migratory bird habitat, ________, and populations.

diseases nests breeds none of the answers listed

The Fish and Wildlife Service is also responsible for enforcing federal _____.

wildlife laws fish laws excise taxes land

The Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act, commonly known as the ________ Act, provides money to support a wide variety of wildlife projects.

Pittman--Robertson Dingell-Johnson Roosevelt-Wilson none of the answers listed

The Federal aid in Sport Fisheries Restoration Act, commonly known as the ________ Act, provides money for fishery research and restoring depleted fisheries.

Dingell-Johnson Pittman-Robertson Roosevelt-Wilson none of the answers listed

Money for conservation programs comes from federal ________ taxes on sporting arms, ammunition, and sport fishing tackle.

excise income property consumptive

Since these laws were enacted, American sportsmen and sportswomen have paid more than ________ billion dollars for fish and wildlife conservation.

10 5 15 20

The U.S. ________ Service manages more than 190 million acres of public forest land.

Forest Wildlife Fish Management

The ________ oversee approximately 270 million acres of public lands.

Bureau of Land Management (BLM)

Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)

Natural Resources Division

Climate Conservation Program

More than ________ species of plants, birds, reptiles, fish, and mammals make their home on BLM's land.

3000 2000 1000 4000

The U.S. Department of Agriculture administers the ________ , which has been very beneficial to wildlife.

Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)

Bureau of Land Management (BLM)

Natural Resources Division

Climate Conservation Program

Ground-dwelling species have benefited the most from the permanent vegetative cover established on the ________ million acres enrolled in the CRP.

30 20 10 40

An animal's habitat is its ________. home own business roost

________ require food, water, cover, and space for their survival. Wildlife Minerals Plants none of the answers

Food, water, cover, space, and the arrangement of each of these elements are of equal ________.

importance insignificance unimportance notability

Food is anything an animal consumes and digests to provide _______. energy nutrition muscle vitality

Animals that do not obtain ________ in adequate quantity and quality may suffer from malnutrition.

food water cover none of the answers listed

Which of the following items affect the actual amount of food required by an animal?

all of the answers listed

age sex size

As a general rule, the less time an animal spends searching for food and the less ________ traveled, the better.

distance expanse size stretch

Cover provides wildlife with a relatively safe haven from ________. predators rain lightening their young

Cover provides wildlife with a place to ________ and raise their young.

reproduce sleep relax rest

Cover is typically some form of ________, but it may take many forms.

vegetation tree brick mud

Some species are very ________ and are found in many types of cover.

adaptable inflexible disagreeable unsuited

Some species are found only in specific ________. habitats forests woods none of the answers

Species that have specific habitat needs are vulnerable to ________ in their habitat, especially human-made ones.

changes predators weather changes none of the answers listed

________ is a resource that most wildlife cannot live without. Water Food Cover Friends

Most large mammals require ________ water and will typically drink ________ times per day.

standing; 2-3 fresh; 2-3 standing; 4-5 fresh; 4-5

Many smaller mammals and birds receive water from the ________ they consume.

food water junk none of the answers listed

All animals have a/an ________, an area within which they live, that provides them with their daily needs.

home range area boundary radius

Some animals, such as wolves, require many square ________ of habitat.

miles feet inches yards

Some species have ________ or more home ranges. two one three four

________ can be a serious problem for wildlife that are too numerous for their habitat.

Disease Congestion Lack of food none of the answers listed

Optimum wildlife populations cannot be achieved unless food, water, cover, and space are appropriately ________.

arranged scattered negotiated laid out

Each habitat element is of ________ importance. equal no some none of the answers

________ is the single greatest threat facing wildlife today. Habitat destruction Hunters Lack of food Lack of water

________ of Earth's air, water, and land is a serious threat. Pollution Contamination Dirtiness Abuse

As human communities spread, they encroach on ________ communities.

wildlife geographic planned ethnic

________ million acres of farmland are lost each year, primarily to urban expansion.

2 3 4 1

America's ________ are some of our most productive wildlife "factories."

wetlands hatcheries nests habitats

Which of the following are common types of wetlands? all of the answers wet meadows ponds fens

It is estimated that more than ________ acres of America's wetlands have been lost.

100 million 200 million 300 million 50 million

Wetlands are precious ________ resources. ecological natural community none of the answers

Which of the following are reasons wetlands are important? all of the answers listed

they slow the destructive power of floods and storms

they purify polluted waters

they provide a variety of recreational opportunities

During the 20-year period from the mid-1950s until the mid-1970s, America's loss of wetlands averaged ________ acres per year.

575,000 600,000 550,000 525,000

________ million acres of forested wetlands were drained during the same 20-year period.

6 5 4 3

From the mid-1950s until the mid-1970s, more than ________ million acres of America's wetlands were drained.

11 12 13 10

___ are a very important nesting area for waterfowl, especially ducks. Prairie potholes Coastal wetlands Native Prairies Forested wetlands

There were once about 25 million acres of bottomland hardwood forests in the lower Mississippi Valley. Today less than ______ million

6 5 4 3

acres remain.

America's coastal wetlands are vital breeding grounds for ________. wading birds leeches trout none of the answers

Coastal wetlands also serve as ________ for migratory waterfowl. wintering areas spring areas fall areas summer areas

________ must be purchased by all waterfowl hunters. Duck stamps Licenses Ammunition Rifles

Money raised from the sale of duck stamps has been used to preserve over ________ million acres of wetlands during the past 50 years.

3 2 1 4

American ________ have led the fight to conserve wildlife. sport hunters market hunters people Presidents

Species of wildlife such as the ________ and the passenger pigeon were exploited to extinction.

heath hen dodo bird King Island Emu Labrador duck

The ________ Act of 1900 banned the interstate transportation and sale of most wildlife and wildlife products.

Lacey Dingell-Johnson Roosevelt-Wilson Alexander Wilson

The ________ Act, better known as the Pittman-Robertson Act, provided funding for wildlife management.

Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration

Fish and Wildlife Wildlife Restoration Sport Fisheries Restoration

By the early ________, millions of dollars began to flow into the management of America's wildlife.

1950s 1940s 1930s 1960s

Many species of wildlife, both ________ and ________, have benefited from the Pittman-Robertson Act.

game; nongame birds; deer birds; elk waterfowl; antelope

Excise taxes on firearms and ammunition are collected directly from ________ and importers.

manufacturers companies constructors operators

Pittman-Robertson funds are distributed to states based on their area and the number of ________ sold in them.

hunting licenses tags fishing licenses stamps

Additonal funding was provided in ________, when a 10 percent tax on handguns was added to the original Pittman-Robertson Act.

1970 1960 1950 1980

In 1972 an 11 percent tax was placed on ________ equipment. archery hunting gun none of the answers

It is estimated that taxes paid by sport hunters have provided ________ for wildlife conservation since the program began.

over $10 billion over $10 million over $10,000 over $100,000

Pittman-Robertson monies are typically used to purchase land for wildlife habitat, to manage and maintain existing habitat, and to ______.

conduct research move their habitats maintain their staff pay for expenses

Hunters must purchase ________ and tags for the wildlife they intend to harvest.

licenses ammunition rifles archery equipment

License and tag fees provide ________ dollars to the wildlife departments in most states.

millions of hundreds of billions of none of the answers listed

Waterfowl hunters must purchase ________ stamps regardless of which state they live in.

waterfowl duck bird none of the answers

Sport hunters spend millions of dollars on such things as hotel rooms, meals, gas, clothing, and other ________.

equipment apparel arms traps

________ fees encourage farmers and ranchers to leave some areas for wildlife.

Lease License Wildlife Stamp

Hunting-generated money is important to wildlife and to the ________ in general.

economy public community none of the answers listed

There are ________ of privately funded and managed wildlife conservation organizations.

dozens hundreds millions billions

Some conservation organizations are designed to help a ________ species.

specific general qualified abnormal

Hundreds of ________ species benefit from the management of a few game species.

nongame game domestic none of the answers listed

________ are some of the most intensely managed species in the world.

Waterfowl Bison Deer Elk

________, one of the oldest conservation organizations in the United States, deals exclusively with waterfowl.

Ducks Unlimited Boone and Crockett Club

National Wild Turkey Federation

Pheasants Forever

Ducks Unlimited was incorporated in ________. 1937 1927 1947 1957

By 1943, Ducks Unlimited had 103 projects over ________ acres. 1 million 2 million 3 million 4 million

Today, Ducks Unlimited has ________ members and has raised at least ________ for wetland conservation.

500,000; $750 million 250,000; $500 million 100,000; $250 million 50,000; $100 million

Besides Ducks Unlimited, ________ is another private conservation organization dedicated to waterfowl.

Delta Waterfowl Boone and Crockett Club

National Wild Turkey Federation

Pheasants Forever

One of Delta Waterfowl's key programs is the Adopt a ________ program.

Pothole Waterfowl Duck Pet

Other than Ducks Unlimited and Delta Waterfowl Foundation, which of the following are private conservation organizations?

all of the answers listed

Pheasants Forever Quail Unlimited Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation

Regulated ________ has never been the cause of a single threatened or endangered species.

sport hunting market hunting trailing capturing

________ and competition from introduced species are responsible for the bulk of our endangered and threatened species.

Habitat destruction Habitat construction Habitat improvement Habitat ruination

In its simplest form, modern wildlife management is ________. the care and administration of a wildlife population for the purpose of ensuring survival of the species

the care and administration of a wildlife population for the purpose of helping the environment

the care and administration of a wildlife population for the purpose of maintaining the forests

none of the answers listed

In reality wildlife management is seldom ________. simple complex difficult unclear

Which of the following major factors affect a wildlife population? all of the answers the ability to the quantity and weather factors such

listed reproduce itself quality of habitat as drought and severity of winter

Species with low reproductive rates are more likely to ________. become extinct survive longer die earlier than normal none of the answers listed

Certain traits help determine the ________ of each species. reproductive rates barren rates unproductive rates none of the answers listed

Reproductive rates vary greatly among ________. species game animals animals none of the answers listed

Smaller birds and mammals tends to have ________ reproductive rates.

higher lower identical none of the answers listed

The ________ of a species is a factor over which wildlife managers have little or no control.

reproductive capability quality of habitat quantity of habitat habitat

The ________ and ________ of an animal's habitat has a direct impact on its production.

quantity; quality scattering; inconvenience

allotment; attribute capacity; aspect

Which of the following are ways in which the food supply available to a species may be improved?

all of the answers listed

food plots supplemental feeders guzzlers

In areas with limited water supplies, ________ may be built to provide water for wildlife.

guzzlers troughs ponds man-made lakes

________ and ________ of habitat are factors over which humans can exert a great deal of control.

quantity; quality scattering; inconvenience

allotment; attribute capacity; aspect

________ conditions are factors over which we have no control. Weather Disease Predator none of the answers listed

________ are not normally a serious problem for wildlife. Predators Weather Disease Pollution

________ has never endangered a single species of wildlife. Regulated sport hunting

Market hunting Poaching none of the answers listed

By setting proper bag limits and seasons, wildlife managers help overpopulation underpopulation extinction none of the answers

prevent species ________. listed

Factors such as disease, old age, pollution, and ________ also limit a species' population.

accidents other circumstances catastrophes trials

In many smaller animals, as much as ________ the population may die in a given year.

80 percent 70 percent 60 percent 90 percent

Each year animals produce more offspring than is necessary to continue the species. This is known as the ________.

biological surplus biological excess biological balance biological plethora

It is the wildlife manager's job to ensure that ________. there are adequate numbers of a species to maintain it over a long period

there are adequate numbers of a species to maintain it over a short period

there are adequate numbers of a species to ignore it over a short period

there are adequate numbers of a species to leave alone over a long period

A given area of wildlife habitat can support only a certain number of animals. This is known as the habitat's ________.

carrying capacity carrying contents carrying quantity carrying range

Many species of ________ are much more numerous today than they were 100 years ago.

wildlife domestic animals animals plants

Which of the following species are more numerous today than they were 100 years ago?

all of the answers listed

elk white-tailed deer pronghorn antelope

Wildlife management practices that ________, ________, or ________ a wildlife habitat are considered important.

protect; maintain; develop

foster; maintain; develop

protect; guard; develop

protect; maintain; repress

________ is the single most important practice for the future of America's wildlife.

Habitat management Habitat administration Habitat consideration Habitat control

The management of North America's waterfowl is the most ________ wildlife management program in the world.

complex obvious evident apparent

Wildlife, especially ________, do not recognize international borders. waterfowl game nongame domesticated animals

In 1916 the United States and Canada signed the ________, which Migratory Bird Treaty Dingell-Johnson Act Roosevelt-Wilson Act Alexander Wilson Act

called for joint management of waterfowl and their habitats. Act

________ provide a generous, high-protein diet for young waterfowl. Insects Waterfowl that has died

Grains Unharvested crops

Climatic changes make it necessary for waterfowl to migrate to areas where they can secure ________ and ________.

food; water a habitat; water food; a habitat none of the answers listed

By being ________, waterfowl best utilize all the habitat available to them.

mobile stable adaptable versatile

Waterfowl migrations and migration routes and times vary tremendously among the many ________ of waterfowl.

different species same species types none of the answers listed

The earliest migrates are usually ________, ready to begin housekeeping chores.

mated pairs individuals unmated pairs none of the answers listed

Fall migrations, at least among some species, are triggered by ________.

colder weather warmer weather rainy weather windy weather

The fall migration also sees ________ concentrations of waterfowl than those normally seen in the spring.

greater lesser the same none of the answers listed

Which of the following are major waterfowl migration corridors? all of the answers listed

Atlantic Mississippi Central

Waterfowl use many ________ migration paths. smaller larger identical none of the answers listed

The urge to migrate is ________ in waterfowl. instinctive deliberate sensible mechanical

Ducks do not normally migrate as a/an ________. family unit individual mated pair unmated pair

Young geese learn their migration routes, stopping points, and wintering sites from their ________ and other ________ as they migrate.

parents; close family members

parents; geese siblings; close family members

siblings; geese

Waterfowl may use the ________ and ________ as navigational aids. sun; stars wind; rain sun; rain stars; wind

Waterfowl must have adequate ________ in order to survive. habitat water food cover

The loss of ________ has been staggering. productive wetlands unproductive wetlands destructive wetlands inactive wetlands

________ states have lost 50 percent or more of their original wetlands.

48 38 28 18

The primary waterfowl management practice must be ________. habitat protection habitat preservation habitat conservation habitat refuge

It is vital that hens have adequate ________ in which to nest. vegetative cover abundant cover arable cover plentiful cover

Nest losses due to predation have been estimated at up to ________ percent in some areas.

90 80 70 60

Artificial nest sites such as ________, ________, and ________ can be used if adequate natural nesting sites are unavailable.

nest boxes; human-made islands; nesting baskets

dens; human-made islands; nesting baskets

nest boxes; human-made nests; nesting baskets

none of the answers listed

The primary management practice used for wintering waterfowl is ________.

habitat protection habitat preservation habitat conservation habitat refuge

Unharvested crops and ________ provide excellent feed for many species of waterfowl.

waste grain insects fish none of the answers listed

Lack of habitat is a ________ for waterfowl populations. limiting factor inhibiting factor extended factor delimiting factor

The ________ of the 1980s in the prairie pothole region had a tremendous negative impact on duck populations.

drought flood monsoon aridity

Because waterfowl are often found in large concentrations, ________ can cause serious losses.

diseases lack of food lack of water none of the answers listed

In poor nesting habitat, ________ can seriously affect brood-rearing success.

predators lack of food lack of water flood

Because of waterfowl's ________, food supplies are seldom a factor for wintering waterfowl.

mobility immobility stagnation Tendency

Due to the ________ nature of waterfowl, it is essential that all the countries where waterfowl spend any part of their lives cooperate in wildlife management.

migratory nomadic seasonal wandering

A/an ________ is any species that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a large portion of its range.

endangered species species threatened species none of the answers listed

________ of the Earth has greatly accelerated the rate at which species are going extinct.

Human alteration Wildlife adjustment Human modification Human conversion

Which of the following are common factors that cause a species to decline.

all of the answers listed

habitat destruction competition from introduced species

controlled as pests

Most species that survive for long periods have a common trait, ________.

adaptability inefficiency helplessness competency

Species that are highly ________ have a much poorer chance of survival.

specialized detailed misrepresented withheld

An example of a large mammal that is very adaptable is the ________. all of the answers listed

mule deer pronghorn antelope grizzly bear

A good example of a highly specialized species is the ________, which feeds exclusively on the apple snail.

everglade kite koala raccoon black and white colobus

Animals that are highly specialized are comparable to people who have only one ________.

job skill child home parent

Most species are capable of adapting to changes in their ________ if those changes take place over an extended period.

habitats water food cover

More than ________ native plants and animals are currently listed as endangered.

1,000 500 1,500 2,000

More than 80 species of mammals, 90 North American birds, ________ reptiles, ________amphibians, and ________ species of

40; 23; 130 30; 13; 100 20; 3; 75 10; 15; 50

native fish are listed as endangered.

Which of the following are better-known species that humans have endangered?

all of the answers listed

California condor red wolf ocelot

________ activities in North America have resulted in several species becoming extinct.

Human Wildlife Predator none of the answers listed

Some ________ species, subspecies, and varieties of American plants and animals have been lost forever.

500 250 750 1,000

Each species is of scientific, ________, recreational, aesthetic, and educational value.

ecological environmental biodegradable none of the answers

There are ________ species of edible plants, but 90 percent of the world's food comes from fewer than ________ species.

80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000

Which of the following are species whose numbers have increased as a direct result of the Endangered Species Act?

all of the answers listed

bald eagle grizzly bear gray wolf

Which of the following are major factors involved in protecting a species?

all of the answers listed

habitat protection or improvement

scientific research captive breeding

______ have been in existence in one form or another for many years. Zoos Pyramids Wildlife parks Menageries

The rulers of Egypt, ________, and ________ kept wild animals thousands of years ago.

China; Rome Japan; Russia China; Japan Rome; Russia

The early Greek philosopher, ________, wrote a book called the "History of Animals" based on his observation of animals.

Aristotle Aristoxenus Chamaeleon Aetius

During the period known as the ________, little attention was paid to nature.

Middle Ages Ancient history Early Modern period Modern era

In the early 1700s, organized collections of animals became known as _______.

menageries collections exhibitions safari parks

The world's first zoological society was the ________ Zoological London Paris Bronx Philadelphia

Society.

________ were formed to plan, raise money for, and build zoos in which to display wild animals for the public.

Zoological societies Zoological associations Zoological communities

Zoological companies

________ had menageries as early at 1781. New York Philadelphia Atlanta Providence

In March of 1859 the Zoological Society of ________ was formed. Philadelphia New York Atlanta Providence

Viewing animals in a more ________ setting was a major step in changing the public view of how wildlife should be exhibited.

natural domestic unnatural uncommon

Beginning in the late 1950s the ________ and ________ of wildlife began to be the focus of most professional zoos around the world.

protection; conservation

protection; spending refuge; conservation refuge; spending

AZAA stands for ________ and ________. American Zoo; Aquarium Association

American Zoology; Aquarium Association

American Zoo; Aquarium Affiliation

American Zoo; Aquarium Alliance

Beginning in 1981 the AZAA, in cooperation with its members, developed the ________.

species survival plan (SSP)

species continuity plan (SCP)

species continuance plan (SCP)

species longevity plan (SLP)

The nation's first television program about wildlife, ________, first aired in ________.

Wild Kingdom; 1963 Flipper; 1964 Daktari; 1966 Nature; 1982

________ are our most numerous hoofed mammal. White-tailed deer Black-tailed deer Moose Mule deer

White-tailed deer are ________, feeding entirely on plant material. herbivores carnivorous omnivorous none of the answers listed

Numbering fewer than 500,000 at the turn of the century, the whitetail population now exceeds ________.

15 million 25 million 10 million 5 million

White-tailed deer are very ________, being found in a great variety of habitats.

adaptable unadaptable alterable modifiable

________ are named for their large, mule-like ears. Mule deer Moose Black-tailed deer White-tailed deer

Mule deer experience a ________, or breeding season, similar to whitetails.

rut boon increase success

________ are a major subspecies of mule deer. Black-tailed deer White-tailed deer Moose Mule deer

The ________ is a creature of the western mountains. elk White-tailed deer Moose Mule deer

Bull elk may weigh ________ or more pounds. 700 600 500 400

Elk tend to do more ________ than do mule deer or whitetails. grazing mating hibernation bugling

________ are the largest members of the deer family. Moose Elk Black-tailed deer Mule deer

Which of the following are major varieties of caribou? all of the answers listed

woodland barren-ground none of the answers listed

The ________ is probably the hardiest hoofed animal in the world. Musk Ox caribou moose elk

The proper name for buffalo is ________. bison gaur wisent none of the answers listed

The ________ is truly an American original, being found nowhere else in the world.

pronghorn Bighorn Sheep mountain lion panther

________ inhabit the highest, most inaccessible mountain tops in North America.

Mountain goats Bighorn Sheep Mountain lions none of the answers listed

Black bears are our most ________ and widely ________ bear. common; distributed characteristic; distributed

abnormal; distributed common; preserved

Black bears are ________ in diet and very opportunistic. omnivorous carnivorous herbivorous none of the answers

________ require large, remote territories that are basically devoid of humans.

Grizzly bears Polar bears Black bears none of the answers listed

________ are large, white to yellowish bears. Polar bears Grizzy bears Black bears none of the answers listed

The ________ is our most common and widespread large cat. mountain lion tiger panther puma

Gray wolves are largely ________ and can eat anything from a mouse to a moose.

carnivorous omnivorous herbivorous none of the answers listed

The ________ is our most common and numerous rabbit. cottontail forest rabbit brush rabbit marsh rabbit

Rabbits require a prolific rate of ________ due to their many predators.

reproduction maturation gestation none of the answers listed

Which of the following are major species of jackrabbits found in the United States?

all of the answers listed

blacktail whitetail none of the answers listed

Jackrabbits are capable of leaping ________ or more feet in a single leap.

20 30 40 50

Which of the following are common predators of rabbits? all of the answers listed

foxes owls bobcats

Which of the following are the most common species of tree squirrels found in the United States?

all of the answers listed

red squirrel eastern gray squirrel eastern fox squirrel

Which of the following are common squirrel foods? all of the answers listed

acorns walnuts hickory

The ________ is the most common and widespread fox in America. red fox gray fox swift fox none of the answers listed

________ foxes climb extremely well and often take refuge in trees. Gray Red Swift none of the answers listed

Our two most common varieties of skunks are the ________ and ________.

spotted; striped black; white blacktailed; whitetailed

none of the answers listed

The ________ is a medium-size, slim, doglike predator. coyote wolverine badger porcupine

The ________ is the largest member of the weasel family. wolverine coyote badger porcupine

________ are powerful members of the weasel family and are excellent diggers.

Badgers Wolverines Coyotes Porcupines

Adult ________ are covered with over 30,000 needle-sharp, barbed quills.

Porcupines Badgers Wolverines Coyotes

The ________ is the only marsupial found in North America. opossum koala sugar glider squirrel glider

A medium-size, robust predator, ________ are found in most of the United States.

raccoons opossums collared peccarys muskrats

The ____ is a pig-like creature that is not actually related to pigs at all. collard peccary raccoon opossum muskrat

Muskrats are always found near ________. water trees prairies open fields

Typical habitats for muskrats are marshes, ________, and riverbanks. swamps lakes streams none of the answers listed

The ________ is the largest rodent in North America. beaver weasel muskrat mink

The most common and widespread weasel is the ________. long-tailed weasel mink muskrat none of the answers listed

Bobcats are widespread but largely ________ and are seldom seen. nocturnal diurnal carnivorous none of the answers listed

The black-tailed prairie dog commonly inhabits ________ grass and open ________.

short; prairies tall; prairies short; forests tall; forests

Unlike the prairie dog, ________ live a solitary existence, except for the female and her young.

woodchucks black-tailed prairie dogs

lynx minks

There are an estimated ________ nonindigenous species in the United States.

50,000 60,000 70,000 40,0000

Nonindigenous species have been introduced for purposes that include ________, sport, pets, and ________ pest control.

landscape plants; biological

landscape plants; synthetic

plants; organic landscape plants; biotic

Many nonindigenous species arrive as ________ aboard ships. hitchhikers passengers wanderers riders

Approximately ________ native species are in danger primarily because of nonindigenous species.

half of our one third of our two thirds of our one eighth of our

________ plant species can reach the point where they dominate an area.

Invasive Noninvasive All none of the answers listed

________ is changing the structure of most wetlands where it is now found.

Loosestrife Swamp plants Jimson Milkweed plants

It is estimated that nationwide attempts to control aquatic weeds cost more than $________ million each year.

100 50 75 125

The accidental introduction of the ________ to the U.S. territory of Guam has been devastating to the islands native wildlife.

brown tree snake coral snake rattlesnake garden snake

There are approximately ________ species of introduced birds in the United States.

100 50 75 125

Two of the worst nonindigenous pest birds are the ________ and the ________.

common pigeon; house sparrow

dove; house sparrow common pigeon; flamingo

woodpeckers; house sparrow

It is estimated that the cost of damage and of attempts to control the common pigeon exceeds $________ per year.

1 billion 1 million 2 billion 2 million

It is estimated that introduced rodents, mainly ________ and ________ cost U.S. consumers $19 billion each year.

mice; rats mice; hamsters guinea pigs; rats muskrats; gerbils

The ________ was introduced in the 1940s to replace the beaver as a fur-bearer.

South American nutria African Mole rat Mexican ground squirrel

Mongolian Vole

When we think of introduced species, we do not often think of ________, ________, cattle, horses, burros, sheep, pigs, or goats.

cats; dogs gerbils; hamsters cats; guinea pigs dogs; hamsters

There are an estimated ________ million feral cats in America. 30 40 50 20

Feral and pet cats combined have the potential to kill ________ million birds each year.

450 475 500 425

Wild dogs are becoming a problem in several states, including ________ and ________.

Texas; Florida Louisiana; Alabama Arizona; California Mississippi; Arizona

More than ________ million people are bitten each year by feral and pet dogs.

4 5 6 7

The fallow deer is native to the Mediterranean region of ________ and Europe.

Asia Minor Syria Greece Egypt

Fallow deer are the most widely introduced of the world's deer, now living on all ________ continents.

inhabited vacated colonized seven

The ________ or Barbary sheep is a relatively large sheep native to the dry, mountainous areas of ________.

aoudad; North Africa aoudad; South Africa Black sheep; North Africa

Lithuanian; India

Aoudads were first introduced into the wild in New Mexico in ________.

1950 1960 1970 1940

Purebred Russian wild boars were introduced into the United States in the late ________.

1800s 1900s 1700s 2000s

Feral hogs are now found in some ________ states. 19 29 39 9

Three states with large populations of feral hogs are ________, Texas, and ________.

California; Florida Arizona; Alabama New Mexico; Georgia California; Arkansas

Hogs are ________, eating everything from snakes to grass. omnivores herbivores carnivores none of the answers listed

All quail are ________ birds, enjoying the company of others of their species.

gregarious introverted unfriendly Unsociable

All species of quail are strong ________, usually preferring to run to escape danger.

runners flyers walkers scooters

Quail are also relatively ________ flyers, although only for short distances.

strong weak feeble mild

Which of the following are major predators of young and adult birds? all of the answers listed

bobcats foxes coyotes

Which of the following are the most common nest predators of quail? all of the answers listed

raccoons opossums skunks

As much as ________ to ________ of a given population may succumb to disease, cold, starvation, and predators each year.

70; 80 60; 70 50; 60 80; 90

________ are the only quail native to the eastern United States. Bobwhite quail Scaled quail California quail Gambel's quail

A common nickname for the scaled quail is ________. cottontop cottontail cottonbottom none of the answers listed

________ quail have a distinctive head plume that curves forward. California Bobwhite Scaled Gambel's

________ quail also have a head plume and are the largest quail in North America.

Mountain California Bobwhite Scaled

________ quail are found primarily in the deserts of the Southwest. Gambel's Mountain California Scaled

________ are a large family of birds that includes prairie chickens and ptarmigans.

Grouse Emberizidae Laridae Gardensafari

The ________ is a medium-size grouse of the forests and woodlands. ruffed grouse sharptail grouse prairie chicken sage grouse

The ________ grouse is a large bird, closely related to the prairie chicken.

sharptail ruffed sage blue

________ require native prairie grasslands. Prairie chickens Ruffed grouse Sharptail grouse Prairie chicken

The ________ is the largest North American grouse. Sage grouse Ruffed grouse Spruce grouse Blue grouse

Spruce grouse are found throughout the northern ________ and ________ forests.

spruce; pine continent; pine spruce; tropical continent; rain

Which of the following are species of introduced (nonnative) game birds found in North America?

all of the answers listed

Chukar Gray Partridge Pheasant

Which of the following are major varieties of wild turkeys found in the United States?

all of the answers listed

eastern turkey Merriam's turkey Rio Grande turkey

Turkeys ________ in trees and generally feed on the ground. roost hide drink none of the answers listed

All turkeys tend to live near permanent ________ sources. water food roosting none of the answers listed

Except during the nesting season, turkeys are social birds and are usually found ________.

in flocks in spreads individually in armies

Which of the following are species of migratory upland game birds? all of the answers listed

Mourning dove Snipe Woodcock

________ are far and away our most common dove. Mourning dove Snipe Woodcock none of the answers

Due to their feeding habits, ________ need soft, moist ground. snipe woodcocks mourning doves none of the answers

It is estimated that 75 percent of the woodcock's diet is ________. earthworms slugs sow bugs ants

The two major groups of ducks found in ________ are puddle ducks and diver ducks.

North America South America Europe South Africa

________ ducks leap straight up from the surface of water when taking flight.

Puddle Diver All none of the answers listed

Diving species of ducks feed almost exclusively in the water, whereas puddle duck species often feed on ________.

land marshes swamps water too

Duck ________ are generally very well concealed. nests legs tails young

The ________ are a cavity-nesting species, with the hen using an artificial nesting box or a natural tree cavity.

wood duck mandarin duck dabbling sea duck

Which of the following are common nest predators of waterfowl? all of the answers listed

raccoons skunks foxes

Which of the following are aquatic predators of ducklings? all of the answers listed

turtles large fish largemouth bass

The ________ is our most common wild duck. mallard pintail American widgeon gadwall

Pintail drakes have a long, pointed ________, from which the species got its name.

tail beak foot none of the answers listed

Which of the following are common species of puddle ducks? all of the answers listed

mallard pintail American widgeon

Which of the following are common species of diver ducks? all of the answers listed

redhead canvasback ring-necked

Both male and female ________ look alike, unlike ducks. geese swans cranes none of the answers

Most ________ nest above the tree line on the arctic tundra of Alaska and Canada.

geese ducks swans cranes

The ________ is the main four-legged predator of most goose nests. arctic fox polar bear grizzly bear red fox

The young of both ducks and geese grow rapidly on a diet consisting primarily of ________.

insects waste grain fish none of the answers listed

Our most common saltwater or sea goose is the ________. Brant Greater White-Front Goose

Snow Goose Canada Goose

The ________ crane is the only crane that can legally be hunted at this time.

Sandhill Whooping Demoiselle Red-crowned

The ________ is the most widespread of the swans in North America. Tundra swan Trumpeter swan Mute swan none of the answers

listed

The ________ is the largest of North American waterfowl. Trumpeter swan Tundra swan Mute swan none of the answers listed

Most geese and swans can be very aggressive, especially in defense of their ________.

young or nest mate selves none of the answers listed

The ________ is a large swan imported from Europe. Mute swan Trumpeter swan Tundra swan none of the answers

________ is a common bird from Maine to northern California. Northern mockingbird Meadowlark Yellow-Headed blackbird

Red-winged blackbird

There are two distinct species of ________, the eastern and the western.

meadowlarks mockingbirds starlings grackles

Most people are familiar with this member of the thrush family, known as the ________.

American robin Northern mockingbird Yellow-Headed blackbird

Red-winged blackbird

A conspicuous, common blackbird, the ________ is often found in marshes and surrounding farmlands.

yellow-headed blackbird

red-winged blackbird common crow black-billed magpie

Male red-winged blackbirds are coal black, with a bright ________ shoulder patch, edged in yellow.

red yellow orange blue

An introduced bird, 8 to 9 inches in length, the _________ was originally native to Europe.

european starling common grackle common crow blue jay

Grackles are common, highly ________ birds, often seen in parks, cities, and residential areas.

gregarious introverted unfriendly unsociable

________ are jet black and 17 to 20 inches in length. Common crows Meadowlarks Mockingbirds Black-billed magpies

A striking black and white bird, the ________ is unmistakable. magpie crow blackbird Mockingbird

________ are strikingly handsome birds found throughout much of the United States.

Blue jays Common crows Meadowlarks Mockingbirds

The male ________ is an unmistakable bright red, with a black mask northern cardinal red-winged blackbird house sparrow common flicker

around the face and throat.

The ________ is the only bright blue bird commonly found in the eastern half of the United States.

eastern bluebird blue jay purple martin rock dove

The ________ was introduced from Europe in the 1800s and has spread throughout the United States.

house sparrow common yellowthroat common flicker european starling

A secretive bird, the ________ is heard more often than seen, even though it is found virtually throughout the United States.

common yellowthroat house sparrow red-winged blackbird common crow

The ________ is the largest swallow found in the United States. purple martin common crow pileated woodpecker whippoorwill

The ________ is our most common and widespread woodpecker. common flicker pileated woodpecker black-capped chickadee

whippoorwill

A large crested woodpecker, the ________ is 16 to 18 inches in length.

pileated woodpecker common flicker black-capped chickadee

whippoorwill

The diminutive ________ is a very active and common bird that regularly visits feeders, particularly during the winter.

black-capped chickadee

whippoorwill pileated woodpecker common flicker

A largely nocturnal bird, the ________ is fairly widespread and common.

whippoorwill purple martin common yellowthroat common crow

The ________ is the pigeon so common in our cities and agricultural areas.

rock dove whippoorwill black-capped chickadee

pileated woodpecker

Eagles, owls, hawks, falcons, and vultures are ________ predators. avian ground avian and ground none of the answers listed

Most birds have good hearing, but the ________ have excellent hearing.

owl eagle osprey hawk

Bald eagles feed heavily on ________ but also take waterfowl and small mammals on occasion.

fish insects sparrows crows

Golden eagles are large, soaring birds, fairly common in the ________ half of the United States.

western eastern northern southern

The ________ is a large, fish-eating hawk that is widespread throughout the United States and the world.

osprey red-tailed hawk northern goshawk swainson's hawk

Ospreys feed almost exclusively on ________. fish insects sparrows crows

The ________ is the most common large hawk in North America. red-tailed hawk osprey northern goshawk swainson's hawk

The goshawk is the largest North American ________. accipiter urotriorchis micronisus megatriorchis

The ________ hawk is a crow-size hawk commonly found in the western half of the United States.

swainson's hawk northern goshawk red-tailed hawk osprey

The ________ is the only member of the harrier group of hawks found in North America.

northern harrier swainson's hawk northern goshawk osprey

A medium-size falcon, averaging 19 inches in length, the ________ is widespread and quite common in the western United States.

prairie falcon northern goshawk osprey american kestrel

The ____ is a medium-size, widespread hawk, about the size of a crow.

cooper's hawk northern goshawk osprey northern harrier

The ___ is the smallest member of the accipiter clan in North America. sharp-shinned hawk northern harrier red-tailed hawk osprey

The ________ is often called a sparrow hawk. american kestrel sharp-shinned hawk northern harrier osprey

________ are a large group of predatory birds that hunt largely at night or at dusk and dawn.

Owls Hawks Falcons Vultures

The ________ is one of the largest owls in North America. great horned owl barred owl barn owl burrowing owl

________ owls are vocal compared to other owls, and their "hoot" is often heard from late afternoon to early morning.

Barred Great horned Barn Burrowing

________ are distinctive-looking owls, with a heart-shaped, whitish face, encircled by brown.

Barn owls Great horned owls Burrowing owls Barred owls

Barn owls acquired their name from their tendency to build their nests in ________ and ________.

old barns; attics new barns; walls silos; attics old barns; silos

Although known as the ________ owl, these owls more often use abandoned prairie dog or ground squirrel burrows.

burrowing barn barred great horned

Two species of vultures are found in the United States, the ________ and the ________.

turkey; black turkey; white gray; black black; white

Both the turkey and the black vultures are ________ eaters. carrion developing flourishing germinating

Reptile blood is not actually cold, therefore, _______ is a more appropriate term than coldblooded.

ectothermic endothermic ectothermic and endothermic

none of the answers listed

During cold weather most reptiles are forced to ________ and seek shelter from cold weather.

hibernate stay awake take a nap grow

There are fewer than ________ species of reptiles found north of Mexico.

300 200 100 400

Turtles, lizards, snakes, and ________ are all reptiles. alligators crocodiles boa constrictors none of the answers listed

Most reptiles reproduce by ________. laying eggs giving birth none of the answers

Perhaps the most readily identifiable reptile in North America is the ________.

alligator crocodile turtle lizard

Alligators are ________, surviving on a diet consisting largely of meat. carnivores herbivores omnivores none of the answers

A turtle's shell is typically divided into two parts, the carapace and the ________.

plastron middle center inside

Each turtle has four well-developed ________, unlike some other reptiles.

limbs eyes ears feet

Identification of individual species of ________ can be very difficult, particularly among the aquatic species.

turtles alligators crocodiles lizards

The common ________ is a large turtle, common throughout much of the South and Southeast.

snapping turtle painted turtle musk turtle map turtle

The ________ is the largest freshwater turtle in North America. alligator snapping turtle

common snapping turtle

painted turtle river cooter

Painted turtles, as one might guess from the name, are well marked and ________.

colorful dull drab plain

Many species of ________ turtles are found in the southeastern United States.

map turtles painted turtle musk turtles snapping turtles

The ________ may be the most familiar turtle in America. slider map turtle musk turtle painted turtle

There are several species of spiny and smooth ________ turtles. soft-shell common mud box common musk

Soft-shell turtles are highly ________, leaving their watery homes only to nest and to bask in the sun.

aquatic endangered natatory pelagic

The ________ is a true terrestrial, land-dwelling tortoise. gopher tortoise box turtle soft-shell turtle common mud turtle

________ are the largest single group of reptiles. Lizards Turtles Alligators Crocodiles

________ lizards prefer semiarid, rocky habitat and are most often found there.

Collard Glass All none of the answers listed

The ________ is commonly known as a chameleon, although it is not a true chameleon.

green anole fence lizard lesser earless lizard glass lizard

There are several species of ________ lizards, one or more of which can be found across much of America.

fence lesser earless glass green anole

________ earned their name because of their often blinding speed. Racerunners Skinks Lesser Earless lizards Fence lizards

The ________ is the only poisonous lizard in the United States. gila monster horned lizard skink racerunner

In North America, snakes with movable, hypodermic-type fangs are known as ________.

pit vipers pythons boas none of the answers listed

There are no ________ snakes. They all survive strictly on animal matter.

vegetarian herbivorous vegan none of the answers listed

Like reptiles, amphibians are "cold-blooded," or ________. ectothermic endothermic ectothermic and endothermic

none of the answers listed

Amphibians are one of our most abundant classes of ________. vertebrates invertebrates reptiles birds

Unlike reptiles, amphibians have ________ skin. moist dry arid dehydrated

There are about ________ known species of amphibians worldwide. 2,500 3,500 4,500 1,500

Amphibians breathe through the use of _______, lungs, through their skin, or by a combination of these methods.

gills mouths jowls ears

Amphibians rarely drink. They normally ________ water through their ________.

absorb; skin take in; mouths emit; skin swallow; mouths

Of the adult amphibians, only ________ usually have tails. salamanders frogs toads none of the answers listed

Toads tend to hop, whereas frogs ________. leap plunge hop too stay

Frogs are usually more ________ than toads. aquatic endangered natatory pelagic

Which of the following factors affect the color of toads and frogs? all of the answers listed

temperature humidity environment

Female frogs and toads are usually ________ than the males. larger smaller the same size as none of the answers listed

Toads are noted for ________, especially in loose soils. burrowing covering filling hiding

All toads and frogs have very good ________. hearing eye sight sense of smell sense of taste

Most frogs and toads are ________, but some are diurnal. nocturnal day amphibians carnivorous none of the answers listed

Toads and frogs make vocalizations with the use of a ________. vocal sac vocal chord vocal bag none of the answers

listed

________ calls are often given in chorus by the males and may be heard for miles.

Mating Distress Territorial Release

Other than mating, which of the following uses do frogs and toads use calls?

all of the answers listed

territorial calls distress calls release calls

Which of the following is a good spot to find frogs? all of the answers marshes ponds lakes

Toads are generally more ________ than frogs and can often be found some distance from ________.

terrestrial; standing water

terrestrial; moving water

cosmic; standing water cosmic; moving water

Most tadpoles are ________. vegetarian herbivorous vegan none of the answers listed

Adult frogs and toads are ________ and feed mostly on ________. carnivorous; insects and other invertebrates

herbivorous; insects and other invertebrates

omnivorous; insects none of the answers listed

________ is vital to all life forms on Earth. Water Food Clean air none of the answers

Ninety-seven percent of the water found on Earth is found in the ________.

oceans lakes rivers streams

Fresh water makes up about ________ percent of the water on Earth, and of this amount more than ________ is frozen in the polar icecaps.

3; one-third 3; two-thirds 3; one-half 2; one-eighth

Which of the following is a major user of freshwater? all of the answers industry agriculture domestic users

It is estimated that each American uses about ________ gallons of water each day.

150 250 350 100

It is estimated that ________ in the United States uses about 2.5 billion gallons of water each day.

industry agriculture domestic users hydroelectric plants

Water is also vital to hundreds of species of ________ and wildlife. fish amphibians toads snakes

It has been estimated that the average wetland supports more than 20 30 40 50

________ species of small game mammals.

Which of the following is a way in which we alter wetland habitat? all of the answers listed

dam rivers and streams

drain marshes and swamps

pollute fresh water with sewage, industrial waste, pesticides, and petroleum products

Which of the following is a common pollutant of freshwater habitats? all of the answers listed

dumping of chemicals, polluted waste water, and raw sewage into many of the nation's waterways

pesticides and herbicides that farmers use to produce our abundant and cheap food supply wash into streams, rivers, lakes and reservoirs

herbicides, pesticides, fertilizers, and other chemicals used on millions of lawns

Pollution of our water had become so bad by the early 1970s that the historically important ________ River was a cesspool.

Potomac Shenandoah Stony Savage

The first legislation to protect our water, ________, was passed in 1972.

The Water Pollution Control Act

The Freshwater Pollution Control Legislation

The Water Pollution Subordination Act

The Water Pollution Release Legislation

In 1985 a new bill, known as the ________, was passed to protect fresh water.

Clean Water Act Clean Water Legislation

Polluted Water Act Polluted Water Legislation

Which of the following is now being done to help reduce pollution in fresh water?

all of the answers listed

Untreated chemicals are no longer dumpedstraight into the nearest river

Wastewater left over from the production of paper and steel is now treated before returning to its source

Cities no longer dump untreated, raw sewage into streams and rivers

The pesticide ________ could still be found in some fish in the 1980s, even though it has been banned in ________.

DDT; 1972 DDT; 1982 DDT; 1962 DDT; 1992

It is estimated that the CRP reduced pesticide use by ________ million pounds per year.

60 50 40 30

Which of the following is a type of freshwater habitat? all of the answers lake river reservoir

Which of the following is a way we destroy or damage freshwater habitats?

all of the answers listed

dam a stream or river degrade and destroy stream and river habitats by developing their banks

bulldoze vegetation along a waterway to make way for a road or subdivision

Aquatic plants provide essential ________ to freshwater habitats as a by-product of the photosynthesis process.

oxygen carbon dioxide helium magnesium

Healthy aquatic habitats contain a balance of many different ________.

life forms plants fish waterfowl

Including the saltwater fishes, there are more than ________ species of fish in the world.

20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000

More than 350 species of ________ are found in the United States. freshwater fishes saltwater fishes lizards frogs

The ________ are the largest group of freshwater fishes found in North America.

minnows golden shiners goldfish fathead minnow

________ were originally native to Asia but have been widely introduced in the United States.

Goldfish Minnows Golden shiners Fathead minnows

The ________ minnow is a favorite bait of anglers and is widely used for fish propagation.

fathead golden shiner carp gizzard shad

Originally introduced from Europe, ________ can now be found from Nova Scotia to southern Manitoba and southward throughout much of the United States.

carp goldfish longnose gars gizzard shads

The ________ is our most common and widespread shad. gizzard shad carp alligator gar golden shiner

The ________ is the only gar with a snout twice the length of tis head found in the United States.

longnose gar alligator gar gizzard shad carp

The ________ is our largest gar, with a rod-and-reel record of 279 pounds.

alligator gar longnose gar gizzard shad carp

Economically, the ________ are very important fishes. salmon trout pike catfish

Our largest freshwater trout, the ________, has a rod-and-reel record of over 60 pounds.

lake trout rainbow trout brown trout cutthroat trout

The rainbow trout prefers switft, ________ water, with adequate vegetative cover.

clear cloudy muddy none of the answers listed

The ________ trout prefers slower waters than the rainbow, but otherwise its habitat preference is very similar.

brown lake cutthroat brook

Catfish are largely bottom feeders and appear to be ________ in their feeding habits.

omnivorous herbivorous carnivorous none of the answers listed

________ catfish prefer larger bodies of water, such as reservoirs and large rivers.

Channel Blue Flathead none of the answers listed

Smallmouth bass prefer rocky, ________ and rivers and may reach 10 pounds or more.

clear lakes cloudy lakes muddy lakes none of the answers listed

Trophy ________ are one of our most sought-after fish. largemouth bass smallmouth bass redear sunfish rainbow trout

The ________ is a widespread sunfish, ranging over most of the eastern half of the United States.

bluegill sunfish redear sunfish longear sunfish black crappie

________ prefer still, quiet, clear waters, with sand or mud bottoms and abundant submerged vegetation.

Black crappie White crappie Walleye White bass

The ________ is our only large perch, reaching 3 feet and 20 pounds. walleye white bass black crappie redear sunfish

The ________ is actually a saltwater species that has been widely introduced in larger impoundments and reservoirs.

striped bass largemouth bass smallmouth bass White bass

The estimated revenue generated by the environmental services industry in the United States is in excess of ________ billion.

$100 $200 $300 $400

In the conservation and environmental fields one factor that must be considered is whether you want to work ________or ________.

indoors; outdoors both indoors; outdoors

none of the answers listed

Careers in the conservation and environmental field are extremely___.

varied similar alike none of the answers

Wildlife biologists are directly involved with the study of wildlife and their ________.

habitat eating habits drinking habits personalities

________ usually spend a good portion of their time outdoors - hiking, climbing, and walking and observing and handling wildlife.

Wildlife biologists Conservation officers Outdoor recreation specialists

Computer specialists and technicians

Those responsible for enforcing wildlife and conservation laws are often called ________.

game wardens or conservation officers

wildlife biologists outdoor recreation specialists

computer specialists and technicians

Conservation officers should enjoy working with ________ and wildlife.

people their families their spouses none of the answers listed

Outdoor ________ are the people who often greet us when we enter a state or national wildlife refuge or monument.

recreation specialists conservation officers computer specialists game wardens

Outdoor recreation specialists plan nature walks, ________, and tours for a wide variety of facilities.

educational programs boating events water-skiing events none of the answers listed

________ specialists are vital support personnel for many wildlife agencies.

Computer Outdoor recreation Conservation Wildlife

Most jobs in the past have been with ________ and federal agencies. state city country national

More and more opportunities will become available with ________. private industry public industry non-profit agencies none of the answers

Forest wildlife generally survive best in forests that are ________. of mixed-age trees of even-age trees deciduous evergreen

The most important wildlife management area is the ________. wetlands farm streams forest

When two species of wildlife live together for the benefit of both, the relationship is called ________

mutualism competition predation commensalism

The raising and selling of wildlife for hunting is an example of what commercial biological excess recreational social

type of relationship between humans and wildlife?

Rabbits, quails, pheasants, doves, and deer are wildlife often targeted for management in ________.

farm areas none of the answers listed

forests wetlands

Management of deer is a concern of ________ wildlife managers. forest all of the answers farm wetlands

Wetlands should be made up of about ________ shallow, standing water for optimum wildlife use.

one-third one-fourth two-thirds one-half

The branch of biology that deals with animal life is ________. Zoology Limnology Botany Silviculture

Which of the following animal classifications is not one of the key taxonomy headings used by taxonomists to describe an animal?

Vertebrate Class Order Family

An animal that has canine teeth is most likely to eat a diet of ________.

meat grasses and herbs worms and grubs insects

A ruminant animal is most likely to eat a diet of ________. grasses and herbs worms and grubs meat insects

Identify the term that does not apply to a description of the process of mitosis.

Haploid Anaphase Prophase Chromatid

Chromosones are pulled to the center of the cell by spindles during which step of mitosis?

Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Prophase

Gametes are formed during the process of ________. Meiosis Interphase Fertilization Mitosis

A zygote is a ________. Diploid cell Female gamete Male gamete Haploid cell

Reproduction in mammals involves which of the following processes? Giving birth to live young

Laying fertilized eggs that hatch outside the body of the female

Producing eggs that hatch inside the body of the female just prior to birth

Laying eggs that are fertilized outside the body of the female

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a mammal? young are produced from eggs

they are protected by a coat of hair

they are warm-blooded

young are nourished with milk

In the food chain, gnawing mammals are generally considered to be primary consumers nocturnal producers secondary consumers

________.

Which of the following gnawing mammals is considered to be a true rodent?

the rat the pika the rabbit the hare

Which of the following animals is considered to be the smallest of the rodents?

the mouse the vole the lemming the porcupine

Which of the following is a ground squirrel? the chipmunk the chickaree the fox squirrel the gray squirrel

Which of the following animals is also known as the "rockchuck?" the yellow-bellied marmot

the woodchuck the hoary marmot the black-tailed prairie dog

Which of the gnawing mammals is equipped with a second set of incisor teeth behind the front set?

the rabbit the prairie dog the rat the squirrel

How is the population cycle of jackrabbits related to the population of coyotes?

jackrabbit and coyote populations rise and fall at the same time

when jackrabbit populations are high, coyote populations are low

low jackrabbit populations correspond to high coyote populations

coyote populations follow the same pattern of jackrabbit populations, but the coyote population cycle is delayed behind that of the jackrabbit.

The preferred food of the porcupine is ________. tree bark seeds berries flesh

The hoof of a cloven-hoofed animal is ________. divided into two hooves

a single hoof divided into four toes divided into three toes

Wild animals that are ruminants eat diets consisting mostly of ________.

roughage meat crustaceans seeds

Which of the following animals is not a member of the deer family? pronghorn key deer elk moose

A mature female pronghorn is called a ________. doe cow sow ewe

A newborn baby deer is called a _______. fawn cub lamb calf

A male moose is called a ________. bull ram buck stag

In which species in the deer family do both males and females have antlers?

caribou moose elk deer

Which species of ungulate once roamed the plains in large herds before nearly becoming extinct due to over-hunting?

bison musk ox pronghorn mule deer

Which species of ungulate occupies a range that is restricted to the arctic tundra region of North America?

musk ox bison moose elk

In which family of ungulates are the adult males called rams and females called ewes?

wild sheep deer mountain goats musk ox

The adult male of which family of ungulates is called a billy? mountain goats deer musk ox wild sheep

Which of the following ungulates is not a ruminant? peccary musk ox pronghorn deer

Which of the North American ungulates is not a native species? wild burro peccary wild sheep deer

The preferred prey of the Canada lynx is ________. hares deer squirrels lemmings

Which member of the cat family is widely distributed through most of the United States and Mexico?

bobcat Canada lynx ocelot puma

Which member of the cat family preys most heavily upon deer? puma ocelot margay bobcat

Which of the following members of the cat family is not classified as an endangered species?

mountain lion jaguarundi margay ocelot

Which of the following foxes is distributed only in the northern tundra region of North America?

arctic fox red fox kit fox gray fox

The correct term for a male fox is ________. dog bitch lobo vixen

Which of the following members of the dog family has adapted best to living near humans?

coyote red wolf gray wolf arctic fox

Which of the bears is most widely distributed in North America? American black bear Alaskan brown bear grizzly bear Polar bear

Which of the North American bears is the largest? Polar bear Alaskan brown bear American black bear grizzly bear

Which member of the weasel family depends upon prairie dogs as its principle source of food?

black-footed ferret short-tailed weasel mink fisher

Which member of the weasel family prefers to live and hunt in forested areas?

marten striped skunk wolverine black-footed ferret

Which member of the weasel family is equipped with long digging claws that are used to construct its burros and to dig up small rodents that live in underground burrows?

badger striped skunk fisher wolverine

Which of these animals is the only American marsupial? opossum raccoon kangaroo wombat

A young marsupial animal lives and finds nourishment during its early life inside the mother's ________.

marsupium placenta incubator uterus

The prehensile tail of the opossum is adapted for _______. grasping branches swimming carrying their young fighting

A nocturnal animal ________. is active at night eats only insects has a high metabolism rate

migrates

The mammal with the highest known metabolism rate is a ________. shrew mole martin pine mouse

A mammal that lives mostly underground and that eats worms, insects, and grubs is the ________.

mole shrew squirrel weasel

A shrew is classified as a/an _________. insectivore predator omnivore herbivore

A bat is classified as a _________. mammal marsupial ungulate rodent

The bats are able to navigate during flight using which of the senses? hearing smell touch sight

The hard outer covering on the body of the armadillo is called a/an ________.

carapace shell exoskeleton hide

Which of the following terms does not apply to birds? viviparous oviparous aves incubation

A scientist who specializes in the science of birds is called a/an ________.

ornithologist botanist taxonomist marine biologist

A viviparous animal reproduces by ________. giving birth to live young

laying eggs that hatch outside the body

producing eggs that hatch inside the body prior to birth

incubating eggs in a nest of sand and vegetation

Nearly all waterfowl are birds that ________. migrate between northern and southern ranges

are viviparous nest in trees are known as birds of prey

Ducks known as surface feeders eat foods such as ________. seeds shellfish mollusks underwater plants

Which of the following is a diving duck that eats mostly fish and aquatic insects?

merganser mallard teal common eider

A colorful woodland duck that often nests in trees is the ________. wood duck mallard mud hen northern shoveler

The correct term for a baby swan is ________. cygnet gosling chick duckling

Which of the following water birds are vegetarians? geese northern shovelers merganser ducks diving ducks

Which of the following waterfowl is the largest in size? swan snipe goose duck

Birds that nest on the ground and that are heavy bodied are classed as ________.

gallinaceous polygynous polygamous deciduous

A mating habit in which a male mates with several females is called ________.

polygynous gallinaceous polygamous monogamous

A mating habit in which pair bonding does not occur and both males and females may have more than one mate is called ________.

polygamous monogamous polygynous gallinaceous

The gallinaceous bird that forms coveys and is adorned with a plume on its head is the ________.

California quail Ring-necked pheasant Bobwhite quail Hungarian partridge

Males of this gallinaceous species help incubate the eggs and raise the chicks.

Bobwhite quail California quail Ring-necked pheasant Chukar partridge

An example of a polygynous bird is the ________. Ring-necked pheasant Bobwhite quail Mourning dove Band-tailed pigeon

This species of game bird is native to North America. Bobwhite quail Pheasant Hungarian partridge Chukar partridge

The largest species of gallinaceous game bird is the ________. turkey quail partridge grouse

Which of the following birds is not considered to be a raptor? owl seagull kite osprey

The golden eagle, kite, and osprey are all known as ________. hawk-like birds falcons vultures typical owls

Which of the following birds is diurnal? osprey screech owl great horned owl barn owl

Which of the following birds is nocturnal? Great gray owl Cooper's hawk California condor Peregrine falcon

The national bird of the United States of America is ________. bald eagle peregrine falcon golden eagle osprey

A mating habit in which a female mates with more than one male is called ________.

polyandry ornithology polygamy monogamy

The nest of a raptor is called a/an ________. aerie clutch biome stoop

Which of the following raptors lives and nests in colonies? marsh hawk golden eagle red-tailed hawk northern harrier

A woodland hawk is classified as a/an _________. accipiter vulture kite falcon

The largest North American owl is the ________. Great gray owl burrowing owl great horned owl northern spotted owl

The arrangement of the feathers in the facial disk of an owl affects which of its senses?

hearing sight touch smell

The correct term for the regurgitated remains of an owl's meal, consisting of hair and bones is _________.

pellet stoop cud aerie

The main purpose of the calls of songbirds is to _______. define the boundaries of their territories

entertain humans and other creatures

inform other birds of a source of food

call their offspring together

Which of the following birds is not a native to North America? house sparrow finch grosbeak bunting

Which of the following is the world's largest bird family? fringillidae mimidae traupidae turdidae

Birds that live together in flocks are described as ________. gregarious birds family birds parasitic birds territorial birds

Among the perching birds, the male of the species _________. is more brightly colored

does not help rear its offspring

brings food to the nesting female

is always monogamous

Which of the following birds gathers aquatic insects from beneath the surface of the water for its food?

dipper wren cardinal shrike

Which of the following birds impales its prey on thorns to store it for a later meal?

shrike wren cardinal dipper

Which of the following bird families mimics the calls of other birds? mimidae fringillidae traupidae turdidae

Birds that mate with numerous members of the opposite sex are described as being ________.

promiscuous parasitic monogamous gregarious birds

Which of the following birds is often described as the most intelligent?

crow grackle starling oriole

Which of the following birds depends on nectar as a source of food? hummingbird cuckoo jay magpie

The American bittern belongs to which class of birds? long-legged wading birds

upright perching waterbirds

sandpiper-like birds gull-like birds

Which of the following birds is not considered to be a heron? brandt's cormorant flamingo great egret sandhill crane

Which of the following fish-eating birds obtains the majority of its food from the ocean?

tufted puffin snowy egret great blue heron common loon

A gull-like bird that migrates to Antarctic habitats during the arctic winter season is the ________.

arctic tern snowy egret tufted puffin California gull

Which of the following birds is not an upright perching waterbird? whooping crane brandt's cormorant cassin's auklet tufted puffin

Which term describes newly hatched birds that are covered with down and become active immediately after birth, requiring no care in their nests?

precocial phalarope torpid terrestrial

Which term describes a grouping of birds in which females are brightly colored and males are drab in color?

phalarope torpid precocial terrestrial

Which of the following birds is known as a nightjar? whip-poor-will plover swift partridge

Which of the following birds does not depend on flying insects as their main source of food?

bittern whip-poor-will swallow swift

Which term describes a land-based organism? terrestrial phalarope precocial torpid

Which of the following birds is not classed as a tree-clinging bird? white-throated swift brown creeper common flicker red-breasted nuthatch

A term that describes an animal that depends on the surrounding environment for body heat is ________.

ectotherm metamorphosis endotherm elapid

A term describing an ectotherm with a moist skin, no visible scales, and no claws on its toes is a/an ________.

amphibians plastron tympanum reptile

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a reptile? smooth, moist skin ectotherm oviparous claws

Which of the following animals goes through a larval stage during its life cycle?

toad reptile turtle snake

A live embryo located inside an amniote egg obtains nourishment from which of the following?

yolk albumen chorion amnion

Which of the following structures differ most from those of birds in the eggs of reptiles?

shell yolk sac albumen amnion

Which of the following characteristics describes the appearance of a crocodile?

bottom teeth are visible

few teeth are visible round, broad snout bottom teeth are not visible

Which of the following North American lizards is poisonous? Gila monster Texas horned lizard Skink Green anole

An example of a poisonous snake that is classified as an elapid is the ________.

coral snake rattlesnake cottonmouth copperhead

The process by which a reptile sheds its skin during molting is called ________.

ecdysis tympania amniosis neotenic

A turtle that lives on land is classified as a ________. tortoise terrapin keel constrictor

The lower shell of a turtle is the ________. plastron carapace keel tympanum

A term for the land-based form of a newt is ________. eft salamander tadpole neotenic newt

________ is a species of alligator whose range extends from southern Mexico and southern Florida to South America.

Caiman Crocodile Gharial none of the answers listed

It is not against the law to culture ________ commercially. alligators bullfrogs eels ornamental fish

Production of alligators in a controlled indoor environment ________. is new is old has been around for centuries

none of the answers listed

Which of the following is a member of the order Crocodilia? all of the answers listed

alligators crocodiles caimans

The American alligator can grow to ________ in length. 16 ft. or more 12 ft. or more 8 ft. or more 6 ft. or more

The total worldwide population of crocodilians on farms if over ________.

1 million 2 million 1 billion 2 billion

Which of the following is an alligator habitat? all of the answers marches swamps creeks

Alligators require temperatures between ________ in commercial grow-out facilities.

85-91 degrees F 79-85 degrees F 73-79 degrees F 68-73 degrees F

Artificial incubation, compared to wild nesting, improves hatching rates because of elimination of ________ and weather-related mortality.

predation fluctuating water temperatures

disease control and prevention

all of the answers listed

Many producers are rearing alligators from hatchlings to ________ in 14 months.

4 ft. 5 ft. 6 ft. 7 ft.

In general, the alligator's natural diet is very high in ________ and low in ________.

protein; fat fat; protein protein; carbohydrates fiber; protein

Stress ________ poor water management may lead to brown spot disease in alligators.

and/or and or none of the answers listed

Alligators are harvested when they are ________ long. 4-6 ft. 3-4 ft. 6-7 ft. 7-8 ft.

A learned behavior that improves the survival skills of an animal is called:

adaptive behavior maladaptive behavior adaptive survival none of the answers listed

A species that is not native to an environment and competes with native species for food and shelter is a/an ________ species.

alien akin exotic remote

________ is a membrane found in a developing egg that is filled with blood vessels, through which respiration gases and wastes are exchanged.

Allantois Amnion Yolk Amniote

The innermost protective membrane in an egg that surround the embryo and contains the fluid in which the embryo is immersed is called the:

amnion allantois yolk amniote

An egg with an inner membrane and a porous shell that surrounds a developing embryo and its food supply is a/an ________ egg.

amniote allantois amnion none of the answers listed

A salty liquid in which a developing embryo of a bird, reptile or mammal is suspended as it matures is called:

amniotic fluid amniote allantois yolk

Paired, bony, branching horn-like structures found on male and some female members of the deer family is a/an:

antler antenna avocet auklet

A small penguin-like bird of the North Pacific coast that is capable of flight is known as a/an:

auklet avocet avian amphibian

________ means of, relating to, or deriving from birds. Avian Amphibian Mammal none of the answers

________ is a large, long-legged shorebird whose long bill curves upwards.

Avocet Heron Sandpiper Crane

The young of various large animals such as the elk, moose, whale and bison is called a:

calf pup boar kid

The use of protective coloration that blends in with an animal's surroundings to help it avoid detection by enemies is known as:

camouflage uncover beard deceit

The tendency of an animal to eat other members of its own kind if known as:

cannibalistic primitive sophisticate ogress

________ is the rotting flesh of a dead animal. Carrion Cadaver Carcass Corpse

The flowering parts of some trees that are used as food by squirrels, grouse and other birds during the winter season is called:

catkin ament growth none of the answers listed

A protective membrane that grows out of the embryo, surrounding it and the other three membranes is called:

chorion amnion allantois yolk

A nest of eggs or a brood of chicks is called a: clutch aerie stoop biome

A long-necked seabird that dives for fish from the ocean's surface, and pursues them underwater by swimming with both its wings and its feet is called a/an:

cormorant auklet amphibian seagull

A small flock of quail or partridges that are often members of the same family group is a:

covey clutch aerie stoop

An adult female of various large animals such as an elk, moose, whale, walrus, bison or musk ox is called a:

cow doe sow ewe

An organ located in the digestive tracts of birds and some other organisms where food is stored before it is digested is called the:

crop gizzard intestine throat

A ________ is a small, brown bird that is usually observed climbing up tree trunks probing for insects with its long curved bill.

creeper white-throated swift red-breasted nuthatch common flicker

The young of certain mammals such as the fox, bear, wolf and lion is cub pup kitten kid

called a:

A small portion of plant material from the rumen of an animal that is regurgitated, chewed thoroughly, and swallowed again is called:

cud partially digested material

cub cul

A small, wren-like bird with a habit of bobbing up and down continuously and eats aquatic insects that it catches by walking beneath the water on the bottoms of swiftly moving streams is called a:

dipper creeper swift flicker

The tendency of an animal or bird to be active only during periods of daylight is known to be:

diurnal nocturnal carnivorous none of the answers listed

A cold-blooded animal that depends on the surround environment for its body heat is known as a/an:

ectotherm endotherm ectotherm and endotherm

none of the answers listed

A poisonous snake with fangs that are permanently fixed in place is called a/an:

elapid ectotherm metamorphosis endotherm

A warm-blooded animal that obtains its body heat from the metabolism of its food is known as a/an:

endotherm ectotherm elapid none of the answers listed

A state in which an animal spends the hot summer in a dormant condition similar to hibernation is known as:

estivation grazing mating bugling

Animals that are found in a particular region or environment are: fauna crops flowers none of the answers listed

________ is a fertile, prolific or productive trait in an animal. Fecundity Fruitfulness Fertility none of the answers

A ________ is a lizard belonging to either of two families in North America with suction pads on its feet and is capable of making loud mating calls.

gecko reptile plastron tympanum

A muscular organ in the digestive tracts of birds, reptiles and other organisms that use small rocks and pebbles to grind food into small particles is called the:

gizzard shad crop none of the answers listed

An environment in which a plant or animal lives is known as its: habitat home nest Aerie

A/an ________ is a genus of hawks that are excellent hunters in heavy vegetation such as tall grass or marsh reeds, and that nest in groups of several pairs instead of defending individual territories.

harrier goshawk baza buzzard

An organism that possesses both male and female sex organs at the same time is called a/an:

hermaphrodite androgynous cross-sexual none of the answers listed

A scientist who specializes in the study of reptiles and amphibians is a/an:

herpetologist entomologist arbologist botanist

To spend the cold winter season in a resting state, in which the body temperature is reduced, body processes slow down and nutrition is derived from stored body fat is to:

hibernate stay awake take a nap Grow

A learning process whereby young animals learn to mimic the behavior of a parent or trusted caregiver to establish a behavior pattern, such as recognition of and attraction to its own kind is called:

imprinting cloning behavior analysis none of the answers listed

A sensing organ located in the mouth of a snake that is used for smelling is called the:

Jacobson's organ Smith's organ Miller's organ Jones' organ

The largest predatory cat in North America with a range extending from Texas to Argentina and its prey consists mostly of deer, peccaries and domestic livestock is the:

jaguar lion panther tiger

A predatory cat that prefers dense undergrowth and ranges from the southwestern United States to South America is the:

jaguarundi lion panther tiger

A cloven-hoofed mammal, also known as a peccary, that is incorrectly javelina pug pig none of the answers

called a wild pig but belongs to a different family is the: listed

The ridge on the carapace of a turtle is a: keel tortoise terrapin constrictor

An American falcon that is able to hover in a fixed position above the ground by flying into the wind is a/an:

kestrel prairie falcon northern goshawk osprey

One of several species of hawks with a forked tail and long, pointed wings that is found in warm climates is a:

kite owl eagle osprey

Small, comblike projections on the bills of some ducks that they use to strain small food particles out of the water is called:

lamellae larva leptocephali lobe

A small, arctic rodent that resembles a mouse or vole and that has a short tail and fur-covered feet is a:

lemming porcupine hare squirrel

A solitary diving bird with webbed feet and a sharp bill found in northern habitats that captures and feeds on fish is a:

loon heron egret puffin

Warm-blooded animals that have bony skeletons, protective hair coats and mammary glands that produce milk to nourish their offspring is a/an:

mammal amphibian marsupial reptile

A mammalian organ, which in the female gender, secretes milk is a/an:

mammary gland mammary organ teet none of the answers listed

A predatory cat that resembles the ocelot and ranges from the southern tip of Texas to South America is the:

margay panther jaguar tiger

An unusual order of mammals, such as the opossum in North America, this gives birth to offspring before they are fully developed and rears them in an external abdominal pouch…

marsupial mammal rodent ungulate

The external pouch of a female marsupial where the mammary glands are located and the offspring are reared is called the:

marsupiam sling carrier none of the answers listed

Any of several birds that are members of the swallow family and a predator belonging to the weasel family is the:

martin dove jay bluebird

___ is a process in which an animal loses its old outer covering such as feathers, skins, shells and so forth and replaces them with new ones.

Molt Smelt Smolt none of the answers listed

A mating behavior in which a male and a female bond as a pair and mate is:

monogamous polygynous gallinaceous polygamous

A foul smelling fluid that is secreted from specialized glands in some mammals, such as in the case of the weasel is called:

musk nare plover scrape

Nostrils or nasal passages of vertebrates are called: nares nostrils nose holes none of the answers listed

A person who studies nature by observing plants and animals is a/an: naturalist observationist entomologist botanist

A young immature bird that has not yet left the nest if called a/an: nestling chick birdie little chick

A nocturnal bird with a harsh call and a large mouth lines with bristles that aid in capturing insects during flight is a:

nightjar night owl crow sparrow

A spotted predatory cat that ranges from Texas to South America is a/an:

ocelot panther jaguar tiger

The branch of zoology that deals with the study of birds is: ornithology oceanology taxonomy Botany

A condition in which domestic or wild animals destroy the vegetational cover in an area by harvesting or trampling the plants beyond their ability to recover and occurs when the carrying capacity of the area is exceeded is known as:

overgrazing undergrazing grazing overtrampling

________ means reproducing by laying eggs that develop and hatch outside the female's body.

Oviparous Ovoviviparous Ovumparous none of the answers listed

________ means reproducing from eggs that remain inside the female until they have hatched.

Ovoviviparous Oviparous Ovumparous none of the answers listed

A mature female egg that is capable of developing into a new member ovum egg hatchling ova

of the species after it has been fertilized is a/an:

A bird that lays its eggs in the nests of other birds is known as a/an ________ bird.

parasitic sharing abnormal greedy

A small, short-eared rodent with two sets of upper incisor teeth that is found in the rocky uplands of western North America is a:

pika rabbit hare rat

A/an ________ is a vascular organ consisting of a fluid-filled sac that is connected to the blood supply of the mother's uterus and encloses the babies of most mammals, protecting them from injury, eliminating wastes, and nourishing them inside the mother's body until they are born.

placenta uterus vascular tube ovary

To take anything, especially wild game, by illegal methods is: poaching stealing taking as your own none of the answers

A mating behavior in which a female mates with more than one male is called:

polyandry polygynous pristine prolific

The only remaining member of a family of mammals with hollow, two-pronged horns and resembles an antelope and lives in the deserts or plains of western North American is a:

pronghorn Bighorn Sheep mountain lion panther

A cold-blooded animals with scales, plates or shields on its body and claws on its feet. Most lay eggs with leathery shells. This defines a/an:

reptile vertebrate invertebrate bird

A bird or mammal that eats any kind of food it can find, including the carcasses of dead animals and garbage is a:

scavenger scrape predator super hungry mammal

Black and white birds with shrill voices that gather insects and store them for later meals is a:

shrike crow penguin sparrow

Any of several lizards that have shiny bodies, short legs, and smooth scales is a:

skink gecko albino none of the answers listed

A young pigeon or dove is called a: squab skink stoop tanager

A migratory bird resembling a swallow with long wings, a slightly forked tail and weak legs and feet that feeds on insects and remains in flight almost continuously except for the nesting season is a:

swift squab skink tanager

Any of several turtles that live in freshwater habitats or saltwater marches is known as:

terrapin terrestrial tortoise turtle

A turtle that is adapted for living on land is a: tortoise terrapin terrestrial none of the answers

A reptile with a toothless beak and a soft body inside a two-part shell, into which it can withdraw its head, legs and tail is known as a:

turtle tortoise terrapin terrestrial

A mammal with hooves is known as a/an: ungulate gulate vertebrate pig

The soft skin containing blood vessels that nourishes and protects the developing antlers of deer is called:

velvet ungulate torpedo squab

An animal with a segmented backbone that surrounds the spinal cord is known as a/an:

vertebrate invertebrate gulate ungulate

A poisonous snake with hinged fangs in the front of its mouth that fold back out of the way when they are not in use is a:

viper python boa constrictor

A small mouse-like rodent with a stout body and short tail is called a: vole rat mouse guinea pig

The red tissue on the face of a bird, such as a turkey, that swells with blood and takes on a bright red color during the mating display is called the:

wattle gizzard crown wittle

A fertilized egg is called a: zygote gamete cell yolk

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