Guided NotesMolecular Genetics

Genetic Engineering• ___________________________________

Application of transgenic organisms• How do transgenic organisms ________________________________?

• ___________________________• Transgenic cattle were created to produce milk that contains a human protein;

helped to treat emphysema • Pharmaceutical

• ______________________________• Agriculture

• Crops that lastLonger

• _______________________________

DNA Fingerprinting

• Test used to identify and evaluate ______________________________________.

Guided NotesMolecular Genetics

Gel Electrophoresis

How do you read a gel?

How do you put together/make you gel?

• Make up the gel that the DNA will be put into

• Place rack with “combs” into liquid• Add dye to _____________• Add buffer to electrical box• Load your DNA into the wells• Hook up electrical current• _____________________________

Guided NotesMolecular Genetics

The Human Genome Project• Purpose: ___________________________________________________________________

• Genome- all of an organisms ______________________________________• Create database of information• Address _________________________________________________

• _____________ (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disorder)• When babies are first born, they have antibodies transmitted from mother; after a

period of time, their immune systems must function on their own• A series of disorders that cause abnormalities in immune systems• Stem cells are taken from someone of close relation• Hope is that new stem cells will inhabit the body and rebuild immune system

• Ethical issues- who can have your information? What can you do with it? Psychological affects?________________

• Ethical and Legal Social Implications Program• Est. 1990• Study the ethical, legal, and social implications of the human genome project

Vocabulary Review

• DNA, RNA (mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA)• Nucleotide• nitrogenous bases (A,T,G,C, and U)• ribose • deoxyribose• replication • transcription• translation • peptide bonds • codon chart • mutations

• gel electrophoresis • restriction enzymes • DNA fingerprint • transgenic organism • bacterial transformation • plasmid• recombinant DNA • genomics • biotechnology • point-mutation• Frame shift mutation