Chapter 4. Shigehisa Kiyosawa. 1977. Some examples of pest and diseases epidemics in Japan and their causes. Pages 35-44. In: Peter R. Day (editor). The Genetic Basis of Epidemics in Agriculture. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences No. 287. The New York Academy of Sciences, New York, New York, 400 pages.

Keywords: changes in the parasite population, the introduction of a parasite from abroad, apple scab Venturia inaequalis, chestnut gall Dryocosmos kuriphilus, change in parasite virulence, alternaria leaf spot of apple Alternaria mali, southern leaf blight of maize Helminthosporium maydis, bacterial leaf blight of rice Xanthomonas oryzae, rice blast Pyricularia oryzae, change of fungicide tolerance in a pathogen, black spot of pear Alternaria kikuchiana, a change of host populations, the use of a variety with a low level of resistance, a change of population of an alternate host, Sobakasu of citrus Ascochyta fabae