UNIT 5 REVIEWAGRICULTURE

Agriculture = deliberate modification of Earth’s surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain

Origins of Agriculture

Vegetative Planting Seed AgricultureDefinitio

n

Origin

Carl Sauer, a cultural geographer, believed that the earliest form of plant cultivation was vegetative planting.

Subsistence Farming Commercial Farming

Definition

Purpose of Farming

Percentage of Farmers in Labor Force

Use of Machinery

Farm Size

Relationship to other businesses

Events in the History of Agriculture

Event Description/ImpactFirst Agricultural Revolution Neolithic Revolution

Second Agricultural Revolution

Columbian Exchange

Third Agricultural RevolutionGreen Revolution

Fourth Agricultural Revolution

Agriculture Types in LDCs

Type Characteristics Climate Other Info

Shifting Cultivation

Region/Countries

Type Characteristics Climate Other Info

Pastoral Nomadism

Region/Countries

Type Characteristics Region/Countries Other Info

Intensive Subsistence

Type Characteristics Climate Other Info

Plantation Region/Countries

Agricultural Types in MDCs

Type Description Location Other Info Mixed Crop &

Livestock

Dairy Farming

Grain Farming

Livestock Farming

Mediterranean Agriculture

Commercial Gardening & Fruit Farming

VON THUNEN MODEL

Describe the Von Thunen Model.

What happens at each ring?

First Ring –

Second Ring-

Third Ring-

Outside Ring –

Assumption of the model:

Isolation

Site Factors/Ubiquitous land characteristics

Transportation

Did not consider:

Will there be a food crisis?

Ester Boserup’s Theory:

Climate Change: describe the relationship between agriculture and climate change

How climate affects agriculture How agriculture affects climate

MODERN AGRICULTURE

INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE:

BENEFITS: DRAWBACKS:

Agribusiness:

Sustainable agriculture:

Organic farming:

Challenges for Farmers

Challenges for Subsistence Farmers:

Challenges for Commercial Farmers:

Challenges for Farmers in LDCs and MDCs:

Both subsistence and commercial farmers face a complex challenge: to produce more food for a growing world while preserving Earth’s agricultural resources for the future.

Losing Agricultural Land =

Desertification =

FAMINE & MALNUTRITION

According to the UN Hunger Report, hunger is the term used to define periods when populations are experiencing severe food insecurity—meaning that they go for entire days without eating due to lack of money, lack of access to food, or other resources. 

Malnutrition:

Food desert:

Food oasis:

Strategies to increase food supply:

Women in Agriculture

Discuss the relationship between women and agriculture, especially in LDCs. How does empowering women impactfood security?