Lesson #1 – Postwar Troubles

Vocabulary:

Demobilization-

The Seattle General Strike-

The Boston Police Strike-

The Steel Strike of 1919-

The United Mine workers strike-

The Red Scare-

The Palmer Raids-

Nicola Sacco-

Bartolommeo Vanzetti-

Marxists in America-

Communists (Bolsheviks)

Eugene Debs-

Questions:

1. What were the four main impacts of demobilization?

2. What were some of the causes of the strikes in 1919?

3. Why were Palmer Raids considered controversial issue?

4. How did the Red Scare influence the outcome of the Sacco and Vanzetti trial?

5. Why did the Labor strikes die out?

Summary:

After World War I ended, America was unprepared and fell into a deep recession. Factories had to refocus and create new products now that war supply not needed. Prices soared due to the demand being so high. Soldiers coming home from war expected to resume daily life by jumping back into work. This being said, there was an overflow of workers in the factories. Farmers were affected greatly because there produce was not being sold and shipped over seas because the war was over. In result,

they lost their lands and many went bankrupt. During the labor strife, there were 3600 strikes total. The value of a worker lowered and the number of bodies increased. Many workers protested against business owners and demanded for higher pay. Due to this problem, businesses were stalled and most men walked of the job. The strikes soon died out because it did not get enough public support and people considered those workers communists. In response to the strikes, American society feared communism and its power. This became known as the Red Scare which eventually led to the Palmer Raids. The Palmer Raids began from the discovery of 36 bombs. This led attorney Palmer to higher Hoover to start the FBI and lead raids to capture socialists. Most arrests were immigrants with no evidence. Although the Red Scare passed, two Italian immigrants, name Sacco and Vanzetti were accused of murder and were found guilty because of their race. This truly proved that America was still a divided nation.

LESSON #2 – REPUBLICANS TAKE POWER

Foraney McCumber Tariff act- (1922) federal law that raised tariff rates on manufactured goods and levied high duties on imported agricultural goods

Mergers- the combing of two more companies to achieve greater efficiency or high profits

American Plan- Policy promoted by business leaders during the 1920s that called for open shops

Feminists- women rights activists

Equal Rights Amendment- proposed constitutional amendment that would guarantee women’s rights by outlawing discrimination based on gender

Teapot Dome Scandal- scandal during Harding’s Presidency involved sections of the interior Albert Fall’s leasing of oil reserves in return for personal gifts and loan

Multiple Choice

1. What was the goal for President Harding?a. To get everyone to salute everyone in the war b. For government to regulate business c. To make government stop regulating businessd. None of the above

2. What is the term trickle down economics?a. If the government spent all the money on our army it would protect everyone b. If they gave money to the non wealthy they would share some of their money with

homeless people c. If they lowered the taxes on the wealthy the common man would benefit because the

wealthy would raise the salary for the common mand. The government should take everyone’s money and distribute it equally to everyone

(communism).3. Which of the following were scandals involving Harding?

a. Charles Forbes scammed a bureau and got 1 million dollarsb. The attorney of Forbes got caught in a scandal c. Teapot Dome scandald. All the above

In 1920 people wanted a change in policts. They were fed up witht the democrats, so the republicans came to power. The republicans wanted to take government out of byuisness. Calvin Coolidge was supported by the republicans. Scandals such as Charles Forbes, Attorney Gen. Harry Dougherty, and Teapot Dome. They all made Harding look bad so they turned to Coolidge. Coolidge like most republicans in this era supported big buisness. The women in this era wanted equality. The women split into two parts. The ones that were content with voting. Also the other group that wanted total equality like Alice Paul.

Jacoby’s additions:Return to NormalcyTrickle Down Economics19th AmendmentThe Women’s movementAlfred Smith, and why he lost

Section 3A Nation Divided

VOCAB

Brotherhood of Sleeping Car PortersPan-AfricanismBlack Nationalism Universal Negro Improvement AssociationImmigration Act of 1924Bursum BillKu Klux KlanMarcus Garvey

ESSAY QUESTIONSWhy did Black Nationalism become popular and what did they want to achieve?What did the effect of the growing KKK have on African Americans?Why were there immigration restrictions and do you agree with it?

Compare Asian, Mexican, and everyone elseHow did they figure out the number who could come in?

Why did African Americans move up North and why didn’t they get what they wanted?How did fighting in WWI help the Indians?

Section3 paragraphSection 3 was about a time of racism of African Americans, Indians, and immigrants. There was a lot of violence between whites and blacks with a lot of lynch mobs erupting against African Americans. The Ku Klux Klan played a big part in the violence. The Klan grew to over 5 million people in just a year they would often hold giant rally’s burning crosses. Black Nationalism became very popular and they wanted to move back to Africa and wanted the U.S. to pay for it. When the immigrants came the first thing they saw was the Statue of Liberty in Ellis Island. America put quotas on people coming to the U.S. and that was basically a limit on how many.

Jacoby’s note: what happened to the Klan by the end of the 1920s?

LESSON #4 BOOM TIMES

Vocab :

Model T – sturdy low cost automobile

Assembly line- workers stood in one place as partially assembled products moved by

Scientific management- measuring how fast work is done

Auto touring- using cars to camping and sightseeing

Installment plan- allowed consumers to pay for their cars over time

Planned obsolescence- having the consumer to continue using the project even after it’s outdated to get a new one.

A & P- first chain grocery store

Henry Ford

Alfred Sloane

3 topics: Model T impact, advantages of assembly line, planned obsolescence

Model t was originally for the rich, but the price went down from 850 dollars to 290 dollars so the average American can afford it. The model T was created in an assembly line, where workers stood in one place as partially assembled products went by. Hennery Ford had his workers doing 8 hours a day with high pay. He also did not want them to high morality and taught immigrants the American way. The model T employed many workers with jobs in the car industry. With the advantage of a car auto tourism and family life were greatly affected. Family time was more disconnected. Marketing and advertisements helped with a consumer driven economy so the people would want to buy the new products. Planned Obsolesce was a new idea centered around having items wear down on purpose and to create new models so people would buy the new thing.

Jacoby’s note:

How/why did the installment plan arise, and what was the result?

Discuss the impact of the advertising industry, their key target, and where it was found.

LESSON #5 – LIFE IN THE 20s

Vocab

UntouchablesVolstead Act21st AmendmentFlappersFundamentalismScopes trial

Questions1. What did the Volstead Act do?

2. Who won the Scopes Trial?

StatementIn the roaring twenties Al Capone was a famous mobster who was a leader in the Valentines day

Massacre, in the 1920s they also dealt with prohibition. All of those issues led to the New Women, Flappers changed the women’s style. More movies and radio, sports, books, and magazines came out to the public, giving people more entertainment. The two groups of religions are revivalism and fundamentalism. These groups led to the scopes trial. William Jennings Bryant wants against scopes and his lawyer Clarence Darrow.

Jacoby’s note:BootleggingEliot NessMiss AmericaSilent films, what they were like, what the actors looked like, how you knew what they were saying, and the live music that accompanied…Black Sox ScandalGehrig, Cobb, RuthFacts about RuthFacts about Lindberg and his flight

Section 6 – CREATIVE ERA

Jazz

Blues

Harlem Renaissance

Lost generation

George Gershwin- Rhapsody in Blue

Duke Ellington

Paul Robeson

Rose Mclendon

Langston Hughes

James Weldon Johnson

Ernest Hemmingway

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Sinclair Lewis

Edward Harper

Georgia O’Keefe

Frank Lloyd Right

A big boom of creativity happened in Harlem New York during the 1920’s. The 1920’s was a period of great creativity and differences. Jazz and the blues were introduced in music by African Americans. A lot of new writers explored problems and experiences of American life after the war. Art and architecture came about.

Topics for essay:

Harlem Renaissance

Lost Generation

Visual Arts