web accessibility and dyslexia

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Presentazione a cura di Alessio Colangelo Corso di Teoria e Tecnologia della Comunicazione Cognizione e Linguaggio Prof.ssa Maria Teresa Guasti A.A. 2015-2016 b accessibility and dyslex Jacob E. McCarthy, Sarah J. Swierenga What we know about dyslexia and web accessibility: a research review Universal Access in the Information Society, 2010 - Springer Article by: F de Santana, R. de Oliveira, L.D.L Almeida, M.C.C Baranauskas Web accessibility and people with dyslexia: urvey on techniques and guidelines Web Accessibility, 2012

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Page 1: Web accessibility and dyslexia

Presentazione a cura di Alessio Colangelo

Corso di Teoria e Tecnologia della ComunicazioneCognizione e Linguaggio Prof.ssa Maria Teresa Guasti

A.A. 2015-2016

Web accessibility and dyslexiaJacob E. McCarthy, Sarah J. Swierenga What we know about dyslexia and web accessibility: a research review Universal Access in the Information Society, 2010 - Springer

Article by:

V.F de Santana, R. de Oliveira, L.D.L Almeida, M.C.C Baranauskas Web accessibility and people with dyslexia: a survey on techniques and guidelines Web Accessibility, 2012

Page 2: Web accessibility and dyslexia

PURPOSE

• Review existing literature about web dyslexia to determine what knowledge exists about dyslexic group

• Find design guidelines about dyslexic and non – dyslexic users

• Increase accessiblity for dyslexic and other minor difficulties encountered by all Internet Users

Page 3: Web accessibility and dyslexia

DEFINITION OF DYSLEXYA

The term Dyslexia come from Greek words «dis» disorder and «lexia» language it is usually defined as a brain-type of learning disability that specifically impairs a person’s ability to read despite having a normal intelligence.The neurological approach defines dyslexia as a disorder in which a child does not develop the normal reading and writing skills despite having access to regular schooling.Dyslexia is also sometimes described as a cognitive disability and is believed to have serious impact on self perception and self esteem.

The occurrence of Dyslexia according to International Dyslexia Association (IDA) has been reported from 15% to 20% of the population worldwide with more frequence in men representing from 60 to 80%.

Page 4: Web accessibility and dyslexia

WEB AND DYSLEXIA

The main problems for dyslexic users as found by UK Digital Rights Commission in 2004 were : • Confusing page layout• Unclear navigation• Poor color selections• Graphics and text too small• Complicated language

Results of further studies show that dyslexic desire to customize fonts, type-size,and color of a screen text. SeeWord software allows user to gain control of these features.Also prioritize information, avoiding moving texts, simplify navigation and search are good recommendations for a usable web page.

Page 5: Web accessibility and dyslexia

WEB GUIDELINES

As dislexic user experiences different issues reading a web page and the vast majority of researches focus on others cognitive or physical disabilities rather than dyslexia and due to this reason it is important that researchers put great effort in combining studies about dyslexia and web accessibility.

The Main web accessibility guidelines for web-designers include making texts selectable, using sans serif fonts or dyslexic specific typeface (OpenDyslexic), prefer the visual content over the text, avoid complicated «legalese» documents, write in plain and concise language.

By following web accessibility both dislexic and normal user can benefit from it.

Page 6: Web accessibility and dyslexia

GUIDELINES MAPPING

The table shows the relationship among groups of guidelines and relevance level according to stakeholders’ roles.

Navigation High High Medium

Colors Medium High Medium

Text presentation Medium High Medium

Writing Low Low High

Layout Medium High Low

Images and charts Medium High Medium

End user customization High Medium Low

Markup High Low Medium

Videos and audios Medium High Medium

Guidelines group

Relevance

Developer Designer Content Producer

Page 7: Web accessibility and dyslexia

GUIDELINES MAPPING

• Navigation menu must be visible all the time and menu’s background should avoid transparency.

• Using breadcrumbs facilitate navigation as the back and forward buttons. • Optimize your site with internal search.• Avoid section headers in italic. Use boxes with borders to catch attention.• Do not use links with a simple «click me» indicate content instead.• Using ordered list is better than unordered or bullet list.

• Pure white as background is the worst solution for a dyslexic. The best alternative is #FFFFE5.

NAVIGATION

COLOR

Page 8: Web accessibility and dyslexia

GUIDELINES MAPPING

• Use text size above 12, sans serif must be preferred such as Verdana, Tahoma, Arial, Comic sans, Trebuchet.

• Do not align text.• Blinking or moving text increase difficulty in reading.• Remember spacing paragraph.

• Be concise and write texts with simple sentences. Use active voice instead of passive voice.

• Use graphics when appropriate• Write considering that the reader may use «screen readers».• Use <abbr> tag to explain abbreviation and acronyms.

TEXT PRESENTATION

WRITING

Page 9: Web accessibility and dyslexia

GUIDELINES MAPPING

• Use simple and fluid design. Columns must be from 60 to 70 characters long.• Avoid horizontal scrolling.

• People with dyslexia prefer images over words. Use pictures, charts and icons.• Always include the «alternative text» for images in html.

• Make your website entirely customizable by the user providing features that enable changing color, text size, fonts etc. or creating custom CSS.

LAYOUT

IMAGES AND CHARTS

END USER CUSTOMIZATION

Page 10: Web accessibility and dyslexia

• Do not play videos or audios automatically when the page loads.• Use both media to provide a message to your users.

• If using RIA’s try to make your website and your content always accessible for dyslexic users.

GUIDELINES MAPPING

VIDEOS AND AUDIO

RICH INTERNET APPLICATION

Page 11: Web accessibility and dyslexia

CONCLUSION

Dyslexia and web accessibility has often been investigated separately. Providing guidelines should help the stakeholders to project website with regard for all different kind of disabilities by removing all barriers.

Considering the group of stakeholders developers should focus on markup and end user customization features, designers should improve layout, color scheme and UI while content producers should pay special attention to the writing style.

This set of guidelines integrate other sets that promote User Centred Design principles, making the WWW a better accessible place for everyone.

Page 12: Web accessibility and dyslexia

Thank You For Listening!

Page 13: Web accessibility and dyslexia

[email protected]://bit.ly/2e92Mkv

Contact

Alessio Colangelo