weathering the earth’s changing surface. weathering the process that breaks down rock and other...
TRANSCRIPT
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WeatheringWeathering
The Earth’s Changing SurfaceThe Earth’s Changing Surface
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WeatheringWeathering
• the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth’s surface
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ErosionErosion
• The removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
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How fast can it fizz?How fast can it fizz?
• Place a “rock” into the first beaker• Crush a second “rock” and place it into the
second beaker• Add the water to the beaker with the full
rock. Time how long it takes for the “rock” to dissolve.
• Add the water to the beaker with the crushed “rock.” Time how long it takes to dissolve.
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How fast can it fizz?How fast can it fizz?
• Which dissolved faster, the whole “rock” or the crushed “rock?”
• What variable affected how long it took each of them to dissolve?
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Two Types of WeatheringTwo Types of Weathering
Mechanical
Chemical
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Mechanical WeatheringMechanical Weathering
• Rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.– These rocks have the same composition as
the rocks they came from.
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Causes of Mechanical WeatheringCauses of Mechanical Weathering
• Ice wedging – freezing and thawing– Causes potholes on streets
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Causes of Mechanical WeatheringCauses of Mechanical Weathering
• Release of pressure - erosion removes material from surface, pressure is reduced. Pressure release causes rock to crack.
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Causes of Mechanical WeatheringCauses of Mechanical Weathering
• Plant growth – roots of trees and other plants enter cracks in rocks.
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Cause of Mechanical WeatheringCause of Mechanical Weathering
• Actions of animals – animals that burrow in the ground loosen and break apart rocks in the soil.
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Cause of Mechanical Weathering Cause of Mechanical Weathering
• Abrasion – the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity.
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Chemical WeatheringChemical Weathering
• The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes.– Produces new minerals.
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Cause of Chemical WeatheringCause of Chemical Weathering
• Water – dissolves rock– Water is the most important cause of chemical
weathering
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Cause of Chemical WeatheringCause of Chemical Weathering
• Oxygen – rust!! – Iron combines with oxygen in the presence of
water in a process called oxidation
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Cause of Chemical WeatheringCause of Chemical Weathering
• Carbon Dioxide – dissolves in rain water– Easily weathers rocks such as marble and
limestone
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Cause of Chemical WeatheringCause of Chemical Weathering
• Living Organisms – plants produce weak acids
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Cause of Chemical WeatheringCause of Chemical Weathering
• Acid Rain – how is it formed?– Coal, oil, and gas is burned for energy– These fuels pollute the air with sulfur, carbon,
and nitrogen– These compounds react with rainwater,
forming acid rain.
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Walk!!Walk!!
• Re-visit the stops on our previous walk
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Rate of WeatheringRate of Weathering
• Type of Rock– The minerals that make up rock determine
how fast it weathers. • Marble vs. granite
• Climate– Faster in wet climates– Chemical reactions occur faster at higher
temperatures