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3

ATW 202

Business Research Methods

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Course Outline

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SYNOPSIS• This course is designed to introduce

students to the research methods that can be used in most business research and other research related to the social phenomenon.

• The areas that will be covered includes, introduction to the scientific method, research process, ethics in research, research design, measurement, sampling, data collection, analysis, interpretation and report writing.

W e l e a dCOURSE OBJECTIVES

1. To expose students to research methods in business

2. To discuss the process of developing a research proposal

3. Expose students to the various research designs that can be used in business research

4. To familiarize students with the choice of research designs that can be used to achieve the proposed research

5. To expose students to the various techniques that can be used to analyse and interpret data in particular how to use SPSS software

6. To expose students to the characteristics of a good research report

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. To be able to explain the process of scientific research in business

2. To be able to prepare a good research proposal

3. To be able to identify the research designs that can be used in business research

4. To be able to pick the right research design to carry out the proposed research

5. To know how to use SPSS in identifying the right techniques of analysis, analyse the data collected and interpret the data

6. To be able to write a full research report.

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MAIN TEXT BOOK

W e l e a dOTHER REFENCES - Research

1. Bell, E., Bryman, A. & Harley, A. (2018). Business Research Methods, USA: Oxford University Press.

2. Cavana, R. Y., Delahaye, B. L. & Uma Sekaran (2001). Applied Business Research: Qualitative and Quantitative, Australia: John Wiley & Sons.

3. Hair, J. F., Celsi, M., Money, A. H. & Samouel, P., Page, M. (2015). Essentials of Business Research Methods, UK: Routledge.

4. Kumar, M., Talib, S.A., & Ramayah, T. (2013). Business Research Methods, Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press

5. Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2015). Research Methods for Business Students. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.

6. Salkind, N. J. (2016). Exploring Research. New Jersey, USA: Pearson Education Inc.

7. Uma Sekaran & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach. Seventh Edition. UK: John Wiley & Sons.

8. Zikmund, W. G., Babin, B. J., Carr, J. C., & Griffin M. (2013). Business Research Methods. Canada: South-Western, Cengage Learning.

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OTHER REFENCES - SPSS

1. Field, A. (2017). Discovering Statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics. Fifth Edition. USA: Sage Publications.

2. George, D. & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS Statistics 23 Step by Step. A simple Guide and Reference. UK: Routledge.

3. Pallant, J. (2016). SPSS Survival Manual, A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS, NSW, Australia: Allen & Unwin.

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OTHER REFENCES - Statistics

1. Berenson, M.L., Levine, D. M. & Krehbiel, T. C. (2013). Basic Business Statistics: Concepts and Applications. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.

2. Field, A. (2017). Discovering Statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics. Fifth Edition. USA: Sage Publications.

3. Hair, J. F., Black, B., Babin, B., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2018). Multivariate Data Analysis, Eighth Edition. UK: Cengage.

4. Levin, R. I. & Rubin, D. S. (1998). Statistics for Management. USA: Prentice-Hall International, Inc.

5. Salkind, N. J. (2016). Statistics for People Who Think They Hate Statistics. UK: SAGE Publication.

W e l e a dResearch Process

Bab 6 - 9Bab 10 - 14

Bab 15 - 20

Observation

Identify Management

Dilemma

Hypothesis

Research

Design

Data Interpretation

and Final Report

Writing

Theory Refinement

(Basic Research)

OR

Implementation

(Applied Research)

Data

Analysis

Data Sources

& Collection

Concepts

Constructs

Operational Definitions

Theoretical Framework

OR

Network of Relationships

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Week Topic Content2 Research in business

(Schindler Chapter 2)• Why study research?• What is research?• What are characteristics of a good research?

3 Thinking like a researcher (Schindler Chapter 1)

• Styles of thinking• The thought process• Sources of Knowledge• Understanding Theory

4 The research process(Schindler Chapter 2)

The research proposal(Schindler Appendix a)

Ethics in Business Research

• Research Process• The Management-Research question hierarchy• Research Process Problems• Designing the study• Purpose of the research proposal• Researcher benefits• Sponsors use• Types of research proposals• Structuring a research• Evaluating the research proposal• What are research ethics?• Ethical treatment of participants• Ethics and the sponsor• Researchers and the team members• Professional standards

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4 Clarifying the Research Questions(Schindler Chapter 3)

• Research Process• The Management-Research question hierarchy• Research Process Problems• Designing the study

5 Research design(Schindler Chapter 4)

• What is research design?• Exploratory studies• Descriptive studies• Causal studies

6 Sampling(Schindler Chapter 5)

• The nature of sampling• Probability sampling• Complex probability sampling• Non-probability sampling• Practical considerations

7 Data Collection Design: Experiments(Cooper Schindler Chapter 8)

Data Collection Design: The Survey(Schindler Chapter 9)

• What is Experimentation?• Evaluation of Experiments• Conducting an Experiment• Validity in Experiments• Experimental Research Designs• Characteristics of communication approach• Characteristics of the communication approach• Personal interview• Telephone interview• Self-administered surveys• Selecting an optimal method

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10 Measurement Questions(Schindler Chapter 11)

• Nature of measurement scales• Response method• Measurement scale construction

11 Measurement instruments(Schindler Chapter 12)

• Developing the instrument design strategy• Constructing and refining the measurement

questions• Drafting and refining the instrument

12 Collect, Prepare, and Examine Data(Schindler Chapter 13)

• Coding and Editing• Data Entry• Exploring, displaying and examining data• Frequency, descriptive statistics and contingency

tables13 Hypothesis testing

(Schindler Chapter 14)1. Hypothesis testing2. Tests of significance3. Parametric test and Non-parametric tests

14 Measures of Association(Schindler Chapter 15)

1. Bivariate correlation analysis2. Bivariate regression analysis3. Multiple regression analysis

8Measurement Foundations(Schindler Chapter 10)

• Nature of measurement• Data types• Sources of variation in measurement• Characteristics of a sound measurement

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15 Report Reports: Supported Insights and Recommendations(Schindler Chapter 16)

1. The written research report2. Components of a written research report3. Writing a report4. Presentation of statistics5. Oral presentation

W e l e a dEVALUATION

Mid Term Test 20%• Week 7 (tentative)• Chapter 1 – 6• 60 questions objective, true/false

Project 20%• Submission date (21 – 12 – 2018)• Form Group

Final Exam 60%

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Name Matric

Number

E-mail Phone

1 Ali Ahmad 900260 ali@yahoo.com 012-4444566

2

3

4

5

Group Name List

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Tutorial

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Project Guidelines

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Perceived

usefulness

Ease of

use

AttitudeIntention

Use E-filing

Perceived

behavioral

control

Subjective

norm

Research Project

W e l e a dIntroduction

• Introduction should include support/justification “why” the research should be done. The focus is on the dependent variable of the study.

• Among the contents are:• Problem statement• Purpose of study• Research objectives• Research questions• Definition of key variables

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Literature Review• This section endeavors to convince the readers

that the researcher has reviewed other publications done before related to the topic/area.

• The focus of the search is on the dependent variable of the study.

• Among the contents are:• Theory/theories• General literature related to topic• Specific General literature related to topic such as

independent, moderating, mediating variables whichever relevant.

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Methodology

• This section describes the methodology used in carrying out the research. This section is very important technical wise.

• Among the contents are:

• Research model• Hypotheses• Variables and measurement• Population, sample, sampling technique• Data collection technique• Techniques of analysis that may be used

W e l e a dData Analysis

• This section is important to test whatever hypotheses that has been developed.

• Among the contents are:• Sample profile (demographics)• Factor analysis (if relevant)• Reliability analysis• Descriptive table for the main variables of the

study• Hypotheses test related to the research framework• Additional analysis to support the research findings

W e l e a dDiscussion & Conclusion• This is the most important chapter which demonstrates

whether you know what you are doing or not. Also a place to judge whether all your research questions have been answered.

• The discussion should be based on your findings and not what you think and your prior experience.

• Among the contents are:• The discussion of the main findings (Don’t discuss the

statistics and p values just explain what is the relationship and whether they exist)

• Implications for managers and theory• Limitations• Suggestions for future research (if ANY)

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Bibliography/References• All references appearing in the text must be listed in the

bibliography

• Also other references that the researcher has used but not cited in the text should also be listed here.

• Format that should be followed is the “APA” format

• http://apastyle.apa.org/• http://www.ccc.commnet.edu/apa/

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Appendices

• Important and relevant computer outputs.• Paper cuttings or other relevant material• Questionnaire (must be appended)

W e l e a dPlagiarism

According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, to "plagiarize" means

• to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own

• to use (another's production) without crediting the source

• to commit literary theft• to present as new and original an

idea or product derived from an existing source.

• In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.

W e l e a dPlagiarism

All of the following are considered plagiarism:

• turning in someone else's work as your own• copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit• failing to put a quotation in quotation marks• giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation• changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving

credit• copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of

your work, whether you give credit or not (see our section on "fair use" rules)

How to Avoid:

• Most cases of plagiarism can be avoided, however, by citing sources. Simply acknowledging that certain material has been borrowed, and providing your audience with the information necessary to find that source, is usually enough to prevent plagiarism.

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View Video

W e l e a dTutorial

• Wednesday 9-10 am, 10-11 am, 2-3 pm

• Thursday 2-3 pm, 3-4 pm

• Place Lab 130 SOM (1st Floor)

• Group A and B

Group A Week 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 Group B Week 5, 7, 9, 11, 13

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W e l e a dGeneral Information

Office: Room 102, Ext: 3416Lecture Hall: DK STime/Date: Tuesday/2 - 4 pm Consultation: Monday 2 – 4 pm e-mail: ramayah@usm.my,

ramayah@gmail.comURL: http://www.ramayah.comGoogle: ramayah@gmail.com

W e l e a dGeneral InformationLecturer: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Noorliza KariaOffice: Room 241, Ext: 2528Lecture Hall: DK GTime/Date:Consultation: e-mail: noorliza@usm.my

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Expectation - Students

1. read the relevant material prior to coming to class,

2. have a list of questions you may want to ask in class,

3. submit your work on time ,4. punctual for your classes,5. form your own groups,6. attend the class, unless unavoidable and switch

off all hand-phones during classes.

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Expectation - Instructor

1. ensure that the classes are conducted in a conducive manner for learning,

2. be on time,3. minimize disruptions to schedule (unless unavoidable –

I will endeavor to provide sufficient notice of any cancellation),

4. try to answer all your questions in a satisfactory manner,

5. return you assignments/works in a timely manner,6. provide consultations for those who have problems

following the course.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=10&v=bPgfGNyUcJ0

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Remember

If you see me outside class please nod or greet me

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