wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.rwkqiaurK foaYkh - 30

fyg f,dalh i|yd fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,fha úIhud,dj,g kj w¾: l:khla

wdpd¾h Wmd,s udïmsáh

^YS% ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,fha .Ks; wOHhkdxYfha fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h&

2019 Tlaf;dan¾ 14

m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=jcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

uyr.u

wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r

wkqiaurK foaYkh - 30

fyg f,dalh i|yd fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,fha úIhud,dj,g

kj w¾: l:khla

m%:u uqøKh - 2019

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

uqøKh ( uqøKd,h cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh uyr.u

ÿrl:k( 011 7601601

fyg f,dalh i|yd fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,fha úIhud,dj,g

kj w¾: l:khla

ksoyia wOHdmkfha mshd f,i mq¿,a j ms<s.;a wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r ue;s;=ud l< mqfrda.dó odhl;ajh w.h lsÍug;a" Bg .re lsÍug;a" wdj¾ckh lsÍug yd ;=gqjkakg;a b;d WÑ; wjia:djla jkafka" 1988 § cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh úiska uQ,drïN lrk ,o wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r ieureï foaYk ud,dj hs' tfiau" cd;sl wOHdmk l%uhla f.dvkexùug;a" wo olajd wOHdmkh jHdma; lsÍug yd wkd.; wOHdmk m%;sixialrKj,g;a t;=udf.ka ,o wkqm%dKfhys jeo.;alu iurkakg;a fuh jákd wjia:djls'

wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r ue;s;=udf.a 135 jk ckau ixj;airh jk wo Èk" t;=ud fjkqfjka 30 jk ieureï foaYkh meje;aùug ud yg werhqï lsÍu ud fj; msßkeuQ úfYaI f.!rjhla f,i uu i,lñ¦ Woï fjñ¦ ish wruqK flf¾ lem jQ;a" úma,jjd§ wOHdmk{hl= f,i ie,lsh yels jQ;a" iïNdjkSh fm!reI;ajhlska fyìhd jQ;a t;=udf.a wOHdmk m%;sixialrK fya;=fjka" wm rfgys Wmka" ÿmam;a" ksy;udkS mqrjeishka jk ud jekshjqka yg" mrïmrd .Kkdjlg" úYajúoHd, wdpd¾hjreka" mßmd,k ks,OdÍka" ffjoHjreka" bxðfkarejka" .KldêldÍka" .=rejreka" kS;s{hska" úksiqrejka yd fjk;a rcfha jD;a;slhska f,i" wm rfÜ jeo.;a yd j.lsj hq;= ks,;, fynùug wjia:dj ,enqKs' fï uyÕ= wjia:djg iyNd.s ùug ud fj; msß keuQ fï úr, f.!rjh fjkqfjka" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha wOHlaI ckrd,a wdpd¾h chka;s .=Kfialr ue;sKshg;a" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha m¾fhaIK fomd¾;fïka;=jg;a uf.a lD;{;d mQ¾jl ia;=;sh msßkuñ'

rdcH uka;%K iNdfõ úOdhl lñgqfõ iNdm;s f,i wOHdmk weu;s OQrh oerE ld,fhys" úfYaIfhka u" 1931 isg

1947 olajd jljdkqfjys furg wOHdmkh fjkqfjka wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r uy;d bgql< fiajh ms<sn| j w.h lrñka furg iqm%isoaO wOHdmk{hska" úoaj;=ka yd isú,a fiajd ks,OdÍka o w;ßka f;dard.;a lÓlhska 29 fofkla" ug fmr" fï foaYk ud,dfõ foaYk mj;ajd ;sfí' tfia foaYk meje;ajQ w.kd foaYlfhda iuyr úg" iajd¾: w;a±lSï ,enQjka fia" fkd wkqudk j u" ug jvd m%Yia; f,i" ish foaYk mj;ajkakg we;' t;=uka,d ia:dms; l< tu Wiia uÜgu wdrlaId lsÍug" uf.a uq¿ Yla;sh u fhdod uu jEhï lrñ'

1969 § wdpd¾h lkakka.r ue;s;=ud wNdjm%dma; jk úg" uu .d,af,a ßÉukaâ úoHd,fha m%d:ñl wxYfha isiqjl= jQfhñ' t;=ud oaú;Shsl wOHdmkh ,enqfha o tu úÿyf,ks' uu fcHIaG oaú;Shsl uÜgfï mx;sj, bf.k .kakd ld,fha" wfma .=rejre" lkakka.r YsIHhd yd mdi, weiqßka" úúO rij;a l;d mqk mqkd lS nj ug u;l h' t;=ud .ek fuka u" wm rfÜ ksoyia wOHdmkh i|yd t;=ud bgq l< uyÕ= fiajh .ek o" uu b|ysg mqj;am;aj,ska lshùñ' tfy;a" t;=udf.a miqìu ms<sn| j o" mjqf,a fkdfhla ÿIalr;d ueo" uq,a wjêfha t;=ud ,enQ Ydia;%Sh ch.%yK ms<sn| j o" t;=udf.a jD;a;Shuh id¾:l;ajh .ek o" iudc fiajdjkays" cd;sl foaYmd,kfha iy úfYaIfhka u" wOHdmk lafIa;%fhys cd;sl uÜgñka bgq l< odhl;ajh ms<sn| j o" l%udkql+, j yd w¾:j;a f,i wOHhkh lsÍu ud wdrïN lf<a fuu foaYkhg iQodkï jk wjêfha§ h'

wdpd¾h lkakka.r uy;d uq,iqk ±rE" 1943 jif¾ Y%S ,xldfõ wOHdmkh ms<sn| úfYaI lñgqfõ jd¾;dj" msgq 160lska yd mßÉfþo 21lska iukaú; h' th

f,i o ye¢kafõ' tu jd¾;dfjys" tjlg mej;=Kq furg wOHdmk l%uh yd m%;sm;a;suh fhdackd ms<sn| j mßmQ¾K újrKhla we;=<;a fõ' fuu wjia:dfõ §" tu jd¾;dfõ fhdað; m%;sixialrK ms<sn| j fyda tu m%;sixialrKj, jeo.;alu .ek woyia ±laùug fyda uu n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdfjñ' tfy;a tu jd¾;dfõ" úúO me;slv ms<sn| j we;=<;a jk ksÍlaIK

yd fhdackd muKla" wo ud weu;Sug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk ±kg mj;sk wOHdmk .eg¨ yd iïnkaO jk whqre yqjd oelaùug uu jEhï lrñ'

1' ye¢kaùu

rgl cd;sl wOHdmk l%uhg ud¾f.damfoaYl;ajh ie,fikafka tu rfgys cd;sl úIhud,dfjks' th mdi,a l%shdj,shg rduqj ilia lrkafka ish¨ u mdi,a i|yd idrO¾u yd wruqKq ;SrKh lsÍfuks' ta u.ska mdi,a yer hk orejkg mqrjeishka f,i id¾:l Èúfmfj;la .; lsÍug yels fõ' ta ksid cd;sl úIhud,dfõ m%uqL;u wjOdkh fhduqúh hq;af;a mqoa., ixj¾Okh ifudaOdksl lsÍu flfrys h' túg" orejd mdi, yer .sh miq ixialD;sl" iudcuh" foaYmd,kuh yd wd¾Óluh wxYhka fj; m%n, j odhlùug iu;a fõ'

Y%S ,xldfõ wOHdmk l%uh u.sska jir 13l mdi,a Èúhla pl% y;rla f,i ,nd fokq ,efí' tkï( m%d:ñl pl%h" lksIaG oaú;Shsl pl%h" fcHIaG oaú;Shsl pl%h yd úoHd,hSh ;,h hkqfjks'

tfyhska wmf.a wOHdmk l%ufha" úfYaIfhka fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,fha mdGud,d u.ska l< hq;af;a" ish¨ u isiqkg Tjqkaf.a wkd.;h" jeäÿr yd Wiia wOHdmkh iy wkd.; jD;a;Ska f;dard .ekSug yelshdjka i,id §u hs' jev f,dalh yd wd¾Ól Èú fmfj; fuka u jHjidhl;ajh ms<sn| j o jvd yqrejla we;s lr .ekSug o wOHdmk l%uh isiqkg iydh úh hq;= h' tfia jQ úg" mdi,a wOHdmkh ksujQ miq" fjkia jk f,dalfhka t,a, jk wNsfhda.j,g jvd;a kuHYS,S j uqyqK fokakg Tjqkag yels fõ' ñksfil= f,i jvd mQ¾K jQ;a" úúO jQ;a N+ñldjlg wjYH mQ¾jdjYH;d úIhud,dfjka Tjqkg iemhsh hq;= h'

fï iïnkaOfhka wdpd¾h lkakka.r" t;=udf.a woyia fufia bÈßm;a lrhs(1

�mdif,a fuka u ksjfia;a b;d u jeo.;a ld¾hhla jkafka �pß;h� ixj¾Okh lsÍu hs' �pß;h� hkqfjka wms woyia lrkafka" úia;r l< fkdyels" tfy;a myiqfjka y÷kd.; yels" fmdÿ wdpdrYS,S nfõ isg idudkH WmdhYS,S nj;a" mrys;ldó;ajh;a" kdhl;ajh;a olajd úysfok hym;a mqrjeisfhla ìyslrk .;s ,laIK h�'

by; ±lafjk WmkHdih" cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdfõ ia:djrhg2 .e<fma'

�fmdÿ wOHdmkh u.ska orejka yev .eiaúh hq;af;a miq ld,fha § ish jeäysá iyprhska yd tlaj jevodhS yd i;=gqodhl Èúfmfj;la .; lsÍug hs' mdi, yerhk úg Tjqyq jeäysáhka njg m;aj isáh hq;= w;r" ish mjqf,a o" ;ud Ôj;ajk m%cdj w;f¾ o" mQ¾K jYfhka uq¿ cd;sfha u o hymeje;au Wfoid odhljkakg wjYH jQ oekqu yd ksmqK;djkaf.ka Tjqka wdVH úh hq;= fõ�'

uf.a foaYkfha § ud woyia lrkafka" m<uq j" furg fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,fha ̂ & úIhud,d ms<sn| j Bg wod< jk cd;Hka;r ñkqï ,l=Kq yd ii|ñka Tn ±kqj;a lsÍug h' bka blaì;sj" fï wOHdmk uÜgï folg n,mdk m%Odk .eg¨ folla fj; wjOdkh fhduq lrkafkñ' ^1& ñka m<uq jekak" isiqkaf.a udkisl yd YdÍßl fi!LHhg ±ä j n,mdkakd jQ;a" Ydia;S%h wd;;shg fya;=jkakd jQ;a" m%udKhg jeä nrla Wiq,k mdi,a úIhud,dj fj; fmdÿfõ t,a, jk úfõpkh hs'^2& fo jekak" 21 jk ishjfia wOHdmkh ,nkakjqka uqyqK fok wNsfhda.j,g iß,k wkaofï mq¿,a l=i,;d iuQyhla fuu mdi,a úIhud,dfjka isiqkag iemfha o hkak hs' wjidk jYfhka ud n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka" wmf.a isiqka mdif,a § W.kakd oE" cd;sl ;,fha wdh;k u.sska wOHdmk iqÿiqlï ms<s.ekSu i|yd bÈßm;a fldg we;s wjYH;dj fuka u" Bg;a jvd" wmf.a mdi,a yer hk <uqhskaf.a wjYH;djka ̂ is;eÕs o& bgq lrkakd jQ whqßka

mdi,a úIhud,dj Wmßu uÜgulg m;a lr.ekSu i|yd fhdað; ixfYdaOk .ek udf.a woyia bÈßm;a lsÍug hs'

wd¾' tia' ueo.u uy;d úiska mj;ajk ,o 25 jk wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r ieureï foaYkfha3 § �lkakka.r hq.fhka miq isÿ jQ wOHdmk ixfYdaOk úuiSu mYapd;a lkakka.r hq.fha wOHdmk m%;sixialrK ms<sn| iudf,dapkhla� hk ueh hgf;a" 1939 isg Y%S ,xldfõ wOHdmkfha úldYh ms<sn| j ixlaIsma; úia;rhla bÈßm;a fõ' tys wjidkfha §" furg wkd.; mrmqr fjkqfjka" ish¨ md¾Yajhkaf.a tlÕ;ajh we;sj" wOHdmk ixfYdaOk fhdackdj,shla ilia fldg" cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla f,i tajd l%shdjg kexùfï jeo.;alu t;=ud m%ldY lrhs'

bka miqj wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r 27 jk wkqiaurK foaYkfha4 § wdpd¾h Wmd,s tï' fiaor uy;d �lkakka.r hq.fhka Tíng( 21 jk ishji i|yd wOHdmk m%;sixialrK� hk uefhka bÈßm;a l< lreKq w;frys" wo wfma rg uqyqK md isák wOHdmk .eg¨j,g úfYaI wjOdkh fhduq l< w;r úIhud,dfõ Ydia;%Shuh jQ;a" úNd. b,lal jQ;a iajNdjh .ek o úfYaIfhka i|yka lf<a h' ;j o" 21 jk ishjfia wOHdmk wfmalaIdjkag .e<fmkakd jQ b.ekaùï l%ufõohla yd we.hSï l%ufõoj, ixfYdaOk we;s ùfï wjYH;dj ms<sn| j o idlÉPd lf<a h'

wo uf.a foaYkh" tu foaYk foflys wvx.= jQ uqLH lreKqj,g mßmQrlhla fõ'

2' wOHdmk l%uh

w;S; jljdkqjl ì%;dkHfha hg;a úð;hla j ;snQ fjk;a fmdÿ rdcH uKav,Sh rgj,a fndfyduhla fuka Y%S ,xldj o ì%;dkH l%uh u; mokï jQ wOHdmk l%uhlg ysñlï ,eî h' úfYaIfhka u" fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,fha wOHdmk l%u ì%;dkH l%uh wkqj ilia fldg we;s w;r"

w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& yd w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& iqÿiqlï

ilia lsÍfï § tajdfha ;Srl tlai;a rdcHfha iqÿiqlï uÜgug

iudk jk f,i ks¾udKh lr ;sfí'

2'1 f.da,Sh iqÿiqlula f,i idudkH wOHdmk iy;slh

Y%S ,xldfõ fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,fha wOHdmkh

i|yd .; lrk ld,h uq¿ukska u Wmfhda.S fldg f.k we;af;a

w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& yd w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& hk cd;sl

iqÿiqlï i|yd isiqka mqyqKq lsÍug hs'

w'fmd'i' hkqfjka ye¢kafjk wOHdmk fmdÿ iy;sl m;%h"

tlai;a rdcOdksfha" fjfiiska u tx.,ka;h" fõ,aih" iy W;=re

wh¾,ka;fha m%odk §fuyss fhfok wdh;kj,ska uQ,drïN jQ

úIh-úfYaI jQ Ydia;%Sh iqÿiqlï fm<ls'

w'fmd'i' ;=ka fm<lska iukaú; h' th wkql%ñl OQrdj,shla

jYfhka ke.S hkakd jQ idudkH fm<" Wiia WmldÍ fm<

yd Wiia fm< hkqfjka iEÿkls'

1988 § tx.,ka;fha" fõ,aifha yd W;=re wh¾,ka;fha w'fmd'i'

idudkH fm< iqÿiqlu fjkqjg idudkH oaú;Shsl wOHdmk

iy;slh y÷kajd fok ,È'

±kg w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& yd w'fmd'i' ^Wiia

fm<& iy;sl iqÿiqlï" Y%S ,xldj;a we;=¿ j" nx.a,dfoaYh"

nDDkdhs" bkaÈhdj" uef,aishdj" uqßish" mlsia:dkh" iS fI,aia"

isx.mamQrej iy isïndífõ jeks fndfyda fmdÿ rdcH uKav,Sh

rgj, Ndú; fõ' fï w;ßka fndfyda rgj, fï úNd.h fufyh

jkafka tlai;a rdcOdksh mdol jQ ixúOdk" flaïì%Ê cd;Hka;r

mÍlaIK yd msh¾ika bkag¾keIk,a hk fïjd u.sks'

w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& wjidk úNd.hg idudkHfhka fmkS

isákafka oE wjqreoaola mx;sfhys bf.kSfuka o 13 jirla mdi,a

wOHdmkfhys fh§fuka o miqj h' fuu úNd.h mdi,a wOHdmkh wjidkfha ,nk iy;slhla fia o ie,fla' w'fmd'i' ̂ Wiia fm<& uQ,sl j u ks¾udKh fldg we;af;a" tu rgj, úYajúoHd,hg we;=¿jkakg wfmalaId lrk isiqkag" hï úIh fËa;%hla weiqßka wjYH jk wjfndaOh" l=i,;d iy oekqu ms<sn| ,nd we;s uÜgu ;SrKh lsÍug h' fndfyda úYajúoHd,j,g n|jd .kafka Wiia fm< úIhhka 3la mdol fldg f.k fyhska" idudkHfhka isiqka bÈßm;a jkafka Wiia fm< úIhhka ;=klg h'

w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& ie,iqï ilia fldg we;af;a" jvd .eUqre jQ;a Ydia;%Sh jYfhka jvd ÿIalr jQ;a w'fmd'i' ̂Wiia fm<& g msúfikakg ;ekQ ux fm;la f,ig h' w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& oE wjqreÿ wOHhk ld,hlg iSud jk w;r" YsIHhd tys wjidk mÍlaIKhg uqyqK fokafka jir 11l mdi,a ld,hl wjidkfha § h' fndfyda rgj," f.da,Sh iqÿiqlï jYfhka w'fmd'i' ̂ idudkH fm<& iïmQ¾K lsÍu i|yd iu;a úh hq;= úIhhka .Kk 5la fyda 6la fõ5'

w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& wjidkh olajd wOHhk lghq;=j, kshef,kakg wfmalaId lrk isiqkg ta i|yd wju msúiqï wjYH;djla iïmQ¾K lsÍug isÿ fõ' tkï" uõni yd .Ks;h we;=¿ j" lsishï úIh .Kkl idud¾:Hh ,nd .ekSu hs'

isiqkg wOHhk lsÍug we;s mdvïj, ÿIalr;d uÜgu;a" tajdfha oekqï iïNdrh;a wkqj isiqkg ta i|yd wjYH ld, mrdih i,ld n,d ukdj ks¾Kh l< wOHhk ie,eiaula w'fmd'i' ̂ idudkH fm<& yd w'fmd'i' ̂ Wiia fm<& iqÿiqlï ,eîu i|yd ie,iqï fldg ;sfí'

w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& yd w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& úIhud,dj ks¾ñ; j we;af;a" wOHhk jevigyk i|yd .; jk ld,h ;=< ieu úIhlg u ud¾f.damfoaYs; bf.kqï meh ^ & kshñ; ixLHdjla wvx.= fõ hehs Wml,amkh lrñks'

ud¾f.damfoaYs; bf.kqï meh hkqfjka y÷kajkafka kshdukh

lrk ,o iqÿiqlï úfYaIhl m%udKh ms<sn| m%ldYkhls'

wOHhkh flfrk bf.kqï fldgila fj; .=rejreka iu.

úfYaIs; u. fmkaùula we;s j .; lrk ld, jljdkqj

ud¾f.damfoaYs; bf.kqï meh f,i y÷kajd Èh yels h' mka;sh

;=< flfrk b.ekaùï o" mejreï l%shdldrlï yd fjk;a wëlaIs;

mdvï jev o óg we;=<;a úh yels h' isiqfjla wOHhkhg iQodkï

ùu" mdvï lsÍu yd we.ehSu hk fïjd i|yd .; lrk ld,h yd

ud¾f.damfoaYs; bf.kqï meh .Kk tla lsÍfuka" lsishï úIhhla

i|yd fhdok ud¾f.damfoaYs; bf.kqï meh

.Kk flf;la ±hs wkqudk jYfhka ;SrKh l< yels h'

wOHhk jevigykla i|yd wfmalaIs; bf.kqï meh .Kk

y÷kajkafka tu iqÿiqlu m%odkh lsÍu i|yd wjYH bf.kqï

iïNdrh f,ihs'

tlai;a rdcOdksfhys msßkuk w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& iy

w'fmd'i' ̂ Wiia fm<& iqÿiqlï i|yd úfYaIs; rduqjla mkjd we;'

ta wkqj idudkHfhka tlla wjqreÿ follg iSud jk mßÈ fhdok

wOHhk jevigykg .; jk ld, mrdih ;=< idudkH fm<

úIh ks¾foaYh i|yd ud¾f.damfoaYs; bf.kqï meh

jYfhka o" Wiia fm< úIh ks¾foaYh i|yd ud¾f.damfoaYs;

bf.kqï meh jYfhka o ;SrKh fldg ;sfí'

2'2 Y%S ,dxlSh iqÿiqlula f,i idudkH wOHdmk iy;slh

Y%S ,xldfõ fcHIaG oaú;Shsl pl%hg 10 jk fY%aKsh

^14-15 jhia ldKavh& yd 11 jk fY%aKsh ^15-16 jhia ldKav&

we;=<;a jk w;r" w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& úNd.hg iïnkaO

fõ' úoHd,hSh ;,%hg 12 jk fY%aKsh ^16-18 jhia ldKavh& iy

13 jk fY%aKsh ^17-19& jhia ldKavh we;=<;a jk w;r th fhduq

jkafka w'fmd'i' ̂ Wiia fm<& úNd.hg hs' fï úNd." tajdg wod<

iqÿiqlïj,g fhduq jk w;r" wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha úNd.

fomd¾;fïka;=j jd¾Isl j úNd. fufyhjhs'

2'2'1 fcHIaG oaú;Shsl úIhud,dj

fcHIaG oaú;Shsl úIhud,djg yr úIhhka yhla we;=<;a h' tkï m<uq ni" wd.u" .Ks;h" úoHdj" b;sydih" bx.%sis NdIdj iy my; ±lafjk úIh ldKav ;=fkka" tllska tlla ne.ska f;dard .;a ffjl,ams; úIhhka ;=kls8'

1 jk úIh ldKavh - N+f.da, úoHdj" mqrjeis wOHdmkh yd rdcH mßmd,kh" jHjidhl;aj wOHdmkh" Ñrka;k yd kQ;k NdId ^md,s" ixialD;s" m%xY" c¾udkq" yskaÈ" cmka iy wrdì& isxy,$fou< fojk ni f,i

2 jk úIh ldKavh - ix.S;h ^fmrÈ.$wmrÈ.$ l¾kdgl& Ñ;%Ys,amh$ kegqï ^foaYSh$bkaÈhdkq& kdgH yd fõÈld l,dj ^isxy," fou<" bx.%Sis&" idys;Hh ^isxy,$ fou<$bx.%Sis yd wrdì&

3 jk úIh ldKavh - f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh" lDIs l¾udka;h yd wdydr ;dlaIKh" ëjr l¾udka;h yd wdydr ;dlaIKh" ks¾udK yd ;dlaIKh" l,d Ys,am" .Dy wd¾Ól úoHdj" úoHq;a f,aLkh yd ,>q f,aLkh fi!LHh yd YdÍßl wOHdmkh" ikaksfõokh iy udOHfõoh

my; j.=fjka ±lafjkafka fcHIaG oaú;Shsl mx;sj, úIhhka kjhla b.ekaùu i|yd wOHdmk wud;HdxYh úiska ld,h fjka lsÍug wfmalaId lrk wdldrh;a" wkqu; lrk ,o úIh ks¾foaYhg wkqj tla tla úIhhka b.ekaùug wjYH jk iïmQ¾K ld, mßÉfþo .Kk ms<sn| j cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha ^ ud¾f.dAmfoaYhkq;a h'

úIh i;shlg we;s

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2' m<uqni 5 160 160

3' .Ks;h 6 190 190

4' úoHdj 6 165 164

5' bx.S%is NdIdj 5 90 90

6' b;sydih 3 174 177

7' ldKav úIh 1 3 90 80

8' ldKav úIh 2 3 90 90

9' ldKav úIh 3 3 90 90

mqia;ld, Ndú;h 1

fjk;a ls%hdldrlï 3

tl;=j 40 1109 1101

fcHIaG oaú;Shsl pl%fha W.kajk ieu úIhhla u w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& iqÿiqlïj,g we;=<;a nj ie,fla' fï ksid Y%S ,xldfõ fcHIaG oaú;Shsl wOHdmkh w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& úNd.hg wksjd¾h jQ mqyqKq jevigykla njg m;a ù ;sfí'

1940 .Kkaj, jqj o ;;a;ajfha óg jeä fjkila fkd;snqKs' ta iïnkaOfhka" oaú;Shsl mdi,a .ek i|yka lrk úfYaI lñgq jd¾;dj1 fufia lshhs'

�isiqka we;=<;a jk úfYaI lKavdhï ;SrKh l< o"

kshñ; úNd.h u.ska úIhud,dfõ wdêm;Hh ±Íu fkdjà'�

wOHdmk wud;HdxYh u.ska ksl=;a l< pl%f,aLj, ks¾foaY8

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh u.ska iïmdÈ; úIh ks¾foaYj,

i|yka ks¾foaY

�tfy;a ,xldfõ oaú;Shsl wOHdmkh uq¿ukska u mdfya ,kavka ueá%lHqf,aIka úNd.fha wdêm;Hhg hg;a hehs lSu w;sYfhdala;shla fkdfõ'�

tl u wOHhk jevigyfka jqj o W.kajk úIhj, ÿIalr;d uÜgu tlsfklg fjkia úh yels neõ Ydia;%Sh m%cdj ms<s.kS' tu ksid tjeks úIhj, fY%aKs ixikaokh lrkafka tu úIhj, idfmalaI jeo.;alug WÑ; nr m%udKhla tajdg mejÍfuka miqj h' hï úIhhl ÿIalr;d uÜgug wod< jk m%Odk ixrplhla jkafka tu úIhhg we;=<;a jk jev m%udKh fyda úIhhg iïnkaO jk bf.kqï meh m%udKh hs' ±kg mj;sk w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& úIhud,dj hgf;a W.kajk úIhhka wdY%s; j" úúO úIhhka b.ekaùfï ld, iSudj ms<sn| j o ie,lsh hq;= úp,;d we;s neõ fmkS hhs' tfyhska fuu úIhhka kjfhys fY%aKs tl iudk jQ ñkqï oKavlska uekSu" isiqkaf.a idOkh jd¾;d lsÍug fhda.H fyda idOdrK l%uhla hehs ms<s.; fkd yelsh'

2'2'2 úoHd,hSh ;,fha úIhud,dj - Ydia;%Sh Odrdj

w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& úNd.fha § m<uq ni yd .Ks;h we;=¿ j" wju jYfhka m%Odk úIhhka 3lska iïudk idu¾:H o iu. idu¾:H 6la ,nkakd jQ isiqjdg rcfha fyda mqoa.,sl mdi,l w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& mx;shg m%fõY ùug iqÿiqlï ysñ fõ'

úoHd,hSh ;,fha wOHdmkh úia;r flfrkafka w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& úIhud,dj yodrk isiqkag ,o yels úIhOdrd wkqj h' mq¿,a úIhOdrd ihlska th ie§ we;' tkï( l,d úIhhka" jdKsc" Ôj úoHdj" fN!;sl úoHdj" Ôj-moaO;s ;dlaIKh" bxðfkare ;dlaIKh hk fïjd h' lsishï Odrdjla f;dard .ekSu i|yd isiqka imqrd.; hq;= w;sf¾l iqÿiqlï wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha 2008$17 pl%f,aLfha9 úia;r fldg ;sfí'

w'fmd'i' ̂ Wiia fm<& úNd.h i|yd we;s úIhkaf.a iïmQ¾K .Kk 53ls' oE wjqreÿ ld, iSudjla ;=< úIh ks¾foaYh mshùug"

mdif,a § uq¿ukska ld,mßÉfþo 600la ;=< ieu úIhla u b.ekaùug wfmalaId flf¾'

YsIHfhl= úiska w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& i|yd úIhhka yd úIh ixfhdackhla f;dard .ekSug ud¾f.damfoaYh i,ikafka wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha mdi,a lghq;= wxYh u.ska m%ldYs; 2016$13 wxl ork pl%f,aLh hs10' fuu l%shdj,sh uq¿ukska u r\ mj;afka Y%S ,xldfõ úYajúoHd, m%;smdok fldñiu u.ska rcfha úYajúoHd, i|yd ks¾foaY fldg we;s we;=<;a lsÍfï Wmudk u; h' fuu l%shdj,sh b;d jHdl+, nj pl%f,aLh u.sska o ms<s.kakd lreKla jkafka" iuyr isiqkg 12 jk fY%aKsh wdrïNfha § ksjerÈ úIh ixfhdackh f;dard .ekSug fkdyels ùfï m%;sM,hla jYfhka Tjqkg úYajúoHd,hg we;=¿ùfï § ÿIalr;dj,g uqyqK §ug isÿ ùu u; h'

miq.sh jir 75l muK ld, jljdkqjla ;=< úoHd,hSh ;,fha wOHdmkfha jeä fjkila isÿ ù fkdue;s ùu fÄokSh jk nj ta ms<sn| j úfYaI jd¾;dfjys m%ldY jk woyiaj,ska fmkS hhs'

�oy wgjk úfha § mdi, yer hk ish¨ u isiqfjda úYajúoHd,hhg we;=<;a fkdfj;s' tfuka u" mdi,a Èúfha wjidk oE wjqreoao ;=< § mdi,a úIhud,dj" úYajúoHd,fha wjYH;djkaf.a wdêm;Hhg k;=ùu o" i;a;lska u" lukSh fkdfõ'�1

úúO úIhOdrd hgf;a úYajúoHd, m%fõYh i|yd úIh ixfhdack f;dard .ekSug ud¾f.damfoaY

l,d úIhOdrdj i|yd úIhhka f;dard .ekSug ud¾f.damfoaY

w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& úNd.h i|yd l,d úIhOdrdfõ úIh .Kkdjla we;' ta ksid fï úIhhka ldKav y;rlg j¾. fldg ;sfí'

1 jk ldKavh - iudcúoHdj$jHjydßliudcwOHhkh(wd¾Ól úoHdj" N+f.da, úoHdj" b;sydih" .Dy wd¾Ól úoHdj" lDIs úoHdj fyda .Ks;h fyda ixfhdack .Ks;h" ikaksfõok yd udOH wOHhkh" f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh" .KldêlrKh fyda jHdmdr ixLHdkh" foaYmd,k úoHdj" ;¾l Ydia;%h yd úoHd;aul l%uh" ;dlaIKsl úIhhka w;=ßka tla úIhhla ^isú,a ;dlaIKh" úÿ,s" úoHq;a yd f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh" lDIs ;dlaIKh" hdka;%sl ;dlaIKh" wdydr ;dlaIKh" Ôj - Wmdh ;dlaIKh&

2 jk ldKavh - wd.ï yd YsIagdpdr( nqoaO O¾uh fyda fn!oaO YsIagdpdrh" yskaÿ O¾uh fyda yskaÿ YsIagdpdrh" l%sia;= O¾uh fyda l%sia;shdks YsIagdpdrh" bia,dï O¾uh fyda bia,dï YsIagdpdrh" .%Sl yd frdaudkq YsIagdpdrh'

3 jk ldKavh - fi!kao¾h wOHhkh" fi!kao¾h úIhg úIh m: y;rla we;=<;a fõ' tajd kï( Ñ;% l,dj" kegqï ^isxy, fyda Nr;&" ix.S;h ^fmrÈ." wmrÈ. fyda l¾kdgl& kdgH yd rx. l,dj ^isxy, fou< fyda bx.%Sis&

4 jk ldKavh - NdId( fuys úIh m: ;=kls' tkï( cd;sl NdId ^isxy," fou<" bx.%Sis&" iïNdjH NdId ^wrdì" md,s" ixialD;& úfoaY NdId ^Ök" m%xY" c¾udkq" yskaÈ" cmka" uef,a" reishdkq&

l,d úIh Odrdfõ úIh ixfhdack f;dard .ekSu i|yd jk

ud¾f.damfoaY

� YsIHhka wju jYfhka m<uq ldKavfhka tla úIhhla f;dard .; hq;= h' fï kS;shg w;sf¾l ;=kls' tkï(

w' YsIHhska cd;sl NdId ;=kla f;dard .ekSu 4 jk ldKavfhka isxy," fou<" iy bx.%Sis úIh ;=k f;dard .;fyd;a" 1 jk ldKavfhka tl úIhhla j;a f;dard .; hq;= ke;

wd' cd;sl NdId iy iïNdjH NdId ixfhdackh f;dard .kakd YsIHhska 1 jk ldKavfhka tl úIhhla j;a f;dard .ekSu wjYH ke;

we' 4 jk ldKavfhka NdId folla iy" f;jk úIhh f,i" 2 jk iy 3 jk ldKavfhka wd.ï$YsIagdpdr fyda fi!kao¾h úIhhla o f;dark YsIHhd" 1 jk ldKavfhka tl úIhhla j;a f;dard .; hq;= ke;

� YsIHhdg 1 jk ldKavfhka muKla úIhhka ;=k u f;dard .ekSug o yels h

� isiqfjl=g Wmßu jYfhka úIhhka folla" 2 jk ldKavfhka f;dard .; yels h' tfy;a" úIhhla f,i wd.ula f;dard .; fyd;a" ta wd.ug iïnkaO YsIagdpdrh" fuu ldKavfhka fjk u úIhla f,i f;dard .; fkd yels h'

Wod( wd.u ^nqoaOd.u& f;arefõ kï fn!oaO YsIagdpdrh fofjks úIhh f,i f;dard .; fkd yels h'

� 3 jk ldKavfhys úIh lafIa;% 4ka" úIh folla isiqkg f;dard .; yels h

� YsIHhdg 4 jk ldKavfhka" Wmßu jYfhka úIh folla f;dard .ekSug wjir ;sfí' ta wkqj 4 jk ldKavfhka úIhhka folla f;dard .;fyd;a" ;=ka jk úIhh" fjk;a ´kE u ldKavhlska f;dard .; yels h'

jdKsc úIhOdrdj i|yd úIh f;dard .ekSug ud¾f.damfoaY

isiqka my; ±lafjk úIh w;ßka wju jYfhka úIh folla f;dard .; hq;= h' tkï( jHdmdr wOHhkh" wd¾Ól úoHdj" iy .KldêlrKh' my; ±lafjk úIh w;ßka" ;udf.a ;=ka jk úIhh f;dard .; yels h' tkï( lDIs úoHdj" N+f.da, úoHdj" jHdmdr ixLHdkh" c¾udkq ni" ixhqla; .Ks;h fyda .Ks;h" b;sydih" foaYmd,k úoHdj" bx.%Sis" ;¾l Ydia;%h yd úoHd;aul l%uh" m%xY ni" f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh'

Ôj úoHd úIhOdrdj i|yd úIh f;dard .ekSug ud¾f.damfoaY

fuu Odrdfõ bf.k .ekSug wfmalaId lrk isiqka" Ôj úoHdj;a" my; ±lafjk úIh w;ßka foll=;a f;dard .; hq;= h' tkï( ridhksl úoHdj" fN!;sl úoHdj" .Ks;h" lDIs úoHdj" tfy;a úYajúoHd,fha § ffjoH úoHdj" oka; ffjoH úoHdj" fyda mY= ffjoH úoHdj yeoEÍug wfmalaId lrk isiqjd" Ôj úoHdj" ridhksl úoHdj yd fN!;sl úoHdj hk úIhhkaf.a ixfhdack u yeoEßh hq;= h'

fN!;sl úoHd úIhOdrdj i|yd úIh f;dard .ekSug ud¾f.damfoaY

fuu úIhOdrdj yeoEÍug wfmalaId lrk isiqka my; ±lafjk úIh w;=frka 3la f;dard .; hq;= h' tkï( ridhksl úoHdj" fN!;sl úoHdj" ixhqla; .Ks;h" Wiia .Ks;h' tfy;a" úYajúoHd,fha § bxðfkare úoHdj yeoEÍug wfmalaId lrk isiqka" ridhk úoHdj" ixhqla; .Ks;h yd fN!;sl úoHdj hk úIh ixfhdackh u f;dard .; hq;=h'

bxcsfkare ;dlaIKh úIhOdrdj i|yd úIh f;dard .ekSug

ud¾f.damfoaY

fuu úIhOdrdj f;dard .kakd isiqka" bxðfkare ;dlaIKh yd ;dlaIKh i|yd úoHdj hk úIh fol

f;dard .; hq;= h' ;=kajk úIhh my; i|yka úIh w;=ßka f;dard .; yels h' tkï( wd¾Ól úoHdj" N+f.da, úoHdj" .Dy wd¾Ól úoHdj" bx.%Sis" ikaksfõokh yd udOH wOHhkh" f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh" Ñ;% l,dj" jHdmdr wOHhkh" lDIs úoHdj" .KldêlrKh yd .Ks;h

Ôj moaO;s ;dlaIK úIhOdrdj i|yd úIh f;dard .ekSug

ud¾f.damfoaY

fuu úIhOdrdj bf.kSug woyia lrk isiqka Ôj moaO;s ;dlaIKh yd ;dlaIKh i|yd úoHdj hk úIh folu f;dard.; hq;= h' ;=kajk úIhh my; i|yka úIh w;ßka f;dard.; yels h' tkï( wd¾Ól úoHdj" N+f.da, úoHdj" .Dy wd¾Ól úoHdj" bx.%Sis" ikaksfõok yd udOH wOHhkh" f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh" Ñ;% l,dj" jHdmdr wOHhkh" lDIs úoHdj" .KldêlrKh yd .Ks;h

úIh ixfhdack f;dard .ekSu i|yd by; ±lafjk ud¾. o¾Yl b;d oro~q h' isiqkg ish reÑl;ajh wkqj úIh f;dard .ekSug tajdhska ,efnk kuH;dj w,am h'

úoHd,hSh ;,fha § wod< úIh b.ekaùu i|yd wOHdmk wud;HdxYh ld,h fjka lsÍug woyia lrk wdldrh;a" wkqu; l< úIh ks¾foaYhg wkqj tla tla úIh b.ekaùu i|yd wjYH iïmQ¾K ld, mßÉfþo .Kk ms<sn| j cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha ud¾f.damfoaYhkq;a my; we;s j.=fõ ±la fõ'

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cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh u.ska iïmdÈ; úIh ks¾foaYj, i|yka

ks¾foaY

2'3 úoHd,hSh ;,fha úIhud,dj - jD;a;Sh Odrdj

jD;a;Sh Odrdj hkqfjka kj wOHhk jevigykla 2016 j¾Ifha § wdrïN úh' rcfha m%;sm;a;s wkqj iy;sl lrk ,o

wjqreÿ 13l wOHdmkhla imqrd,ñka" 13 jk fY%aKsfha wjidkh olajd Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a mdi,a wOHdmkh fkdlvjd f.khdug;a" w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& úNd.hg fmkS isàfuka miqj isiqka mdi, yerhdu je<elaùug;a" jD;a;Sh Odrdj hkqfjka úoHd,hSh uÜgfuka kj wOHhk jevigykla 2016 § wdrïN úh' fuu kj Odrdfõ jHQyh ilid we;af;a" YsIHhd 13 jk fY%aKsh wjika lrk úg" f;dard.;a jD;a;shlska iqúfYaI l=i,;d /ila ,nd.; yelsjk whqßks' jD;a;Sh Odrdfõ jHQyhg wkqj" my; ±lafjk fudähq,j,ska ieÿKq fmdÿ ixrplhla we;=<;a

fõ' tkï( m<uq ni" jHdmdßl bx.%Sis NdIdj yd ikaksfõok

l=i,;d" fi!kao¾hd;aul l%shdldrlï u.ska ,nk idys;Hhsl

ridiajdoh" f;dr;=re ;dlaIK l=i,;d" mqrjeisNdjh iïnkaO

l=i,;d" fi!LHh yd iudc hymeje;au i|yd Ôjk l=i,;d iy

jHjidhl;aj l=i,;d h' 12 jk fY%aKsfha m<uq jdr fol ;=<

meh 360la ^ld, mßÉfþo 540lg iudk& we;=<;a j" wfkHdakH

l%shdj,shlska ieÿKq wdldrhlg fuu ixrplh iïfm%aIKh

lsrSug woyia flf¾'

fï Odrdj oekg l%shd;aul jkafka kshdul iajrEmfhka

jk w;r" isiqkg f;dard .; yels l=i,;d 26la Bg we;=<;a h'

jD;a;Sh Odrd wOHhk jevigyfkys jHQyh" úIhud,dj yd

we.hSï l%uh hk fïjdfha iajNdjh wkqj" w'fmd'i' ̂ Wiia fm<&

iqÿiqlïj,g wod< úfYAI wjYH;dj,g fuu Odrdj iu.dó

fkdfõ' tuksid cd;sl jD;a;Sh iqÿiqlï rduqj ^ yd

Y%S ,xld iqÿiqlï rduqfõ ̂ & ud¾. o¾Ylj,g iß,k iqÿiqlï

kduhla jD;a;Sh Odrd wOHhk jevigyk i|yd ks¾udKh lsÍu

wjYH fõ' rdcH mßmd,k pl%f,aL wxl 28$201611 i|yka mßÈ

/lshdjla ,eîfï § cd;sl jD;a;Sh iqÿiqlï rduqfõ 3 jk uÜgu

yd 4 jk uÜgu iïmQ¾K lsÍu w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& yd

w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& idu¾:Hj,g ms<sfj<sska iudk jk ksid"

kj jD;a;Sh Odrd iqÿiqlï" wjYH kï ;j;a w;sf¾l iqÿiqlï o

we;=<;a fldg idïm%odhsl w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& iqÿiqlïj,g

iu.dó f,i ie,lsh yels h'

2'4 mdi,a mdol ;lafiarelrK jevigyk

mdi,a mdol ;lafiarelrK jevigyk oekg ish¨

rcfha yd mqoa.,sl mdi,aj, fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh

;,j, l%shd;aul fõ' wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha pl%f,aL wxl

23$20178g wkqj" fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,j, mdi,a

mdol ;lafiarelrK jevigyk i|yd wjYH Wmfoia úNd.

fomd¾;fïka;=j u.ska ksl=;a lrk nj;a" wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha

úIh Ndr wOHlaIjreka o" m<d;a Ndr wOHdmk wOHlaIjreka o"

l,dm wOHlaIjreka yd m%dfoaYSh wOHdmk wOHlaIjreka o" fuu

jevigyk id¾:l j l%shd;aul lsÍug yd wdfõlaIKh lsÍug

wjYH ish¨ mshjr .; hq;= nj;a m%ldY fõ'

tla jdrhla ;=< § ieu úIhhla i|yd u iïmQ¾K l<

hq;= ;lafiarelrK wjia:d .Kk o" idudkH fm< yd Wiia

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m%Odk úIhh 2 1 5

m%Odk úIhh 3 1 5

lKavdhï jHdmD;sh - 1

3 jk ;Srh( Wiia fm< úNd.fha m%ùK;aj uÜgu ;SrKh lsÍug

jdrhlg we;s ;lafiare wjia:d .Kk

4 jk ;Srh( Wiia fm< úNd.fha m%ùK;aj uÜgu ;SrKh lsÍu i|yd

12 jk yd 13 jk fY%aKsj,ska ,nd .;a ;lafiare wjia:d .Kk

wOHhk jevigyka foflys fojk jir wjidkfha §" úNd. fomd¾;fïka;=j fj; ,enqKq by; ±lajqKqq ;lafiare 5 ys ,l=Kqj,g wkqj" mdi,a mdol ;lafiare ,l=Kq yd Bg iu.dó ksmqK;d uÜgu my; ±lafjk j.=jg wkqj ;SrKh fõ'

mdi,a mdol ;lafiarelrK ,l=Kq

ksmqK;d uÜgu

9" 10 úYsIag uÜgfï ksmqK;dj

8 by< uÜgfï ksmqK;dj

6" 7 iïudk uÜgfï ksmqK;dj

4" 5 ksmqK;d ióm uÜgu

1" 2" 3 ksmqK;d uÜgug meñK ke;

cd;sl wOHdmk fldñiu úiska fufyhjk ,o wOHhkhlg wkqj13" mdi,a mdol ;lafiare ,l=Kq m%;sM, jd¾;d .; lrk whqre ;Dma;slr fkdfõ' tys YsIHhdf.a j¾Okh iïnkaO j n,mEula fkdue;s ;rï h' ta w;r u" tu jd¾;dj, úYajiH;dj yd ;;a;aj md,kh ms<sn|j o l=yq,la mek k.S' lsishï úIhlg mdi,a mdol ;lafiarejg ,efnk iuqÉÑ; ,l=Kq m%udKh" tu úIhhg w'fmd'i' ̂ idudkH fm<& úNd.fha § ,efnk ,l=Kqj,g tl;= lrkq fkd ,efí'

isiqka úiska úúO úIhhka i|yd ,nd.;a mdi,a mdol ;lafiare ,l=Kq uÜgï isiqkaf.a w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& yd w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& m%;sM, iu. úNd. fomd¾;fïka;=j u.ska mdi,g hjk fmdÿ m;%sldfõ f,aLk.; fldg we;' ;jo" mdif,a úÿy,am;sjrhd úiska iy;sl lrk ,o YsIH jd¾;d fmdf;ys fuu m%;sM, jd¾;d.; ù ;sfí'

YsIHfhl= Tyqg wjYH jk wksl=;a iqÿiqlï ,nd we;s kuq;a" w'fmd'i' ̂ Wiia fm<& mx;shg we;=¿ ùu i|yd wksjd¾h iqÿiqlï jk iïudk idu¾:H ;=kla fjkqjg" iïudk idu¾:H folla ,enqjfyd;a" tu YsIHhdg lsishï úIhlg w'fmd'i' ^idudkH fm<& úNd.fha § ,nd we;s idudkH idu¾:Hhla" mdi,a mdol ;lafiarefjka ,nd we;s iïudk fyda Wiia ksmqK;d uÜgu yd ixfhdackh fldg" th w'fmd'i' ̂ Wiia fm<& mka;shg we;=¿ ùu i|yd wjYH tla iïudk idu¾:Hhlg iudk jk fia ie,lsh yels h' tfy;a fuu mßmdáh m<uq ni yd .Ks;h iïnkaO j Ndú; l< fkdyels h'

2'5 cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdfõ ud¾. o¾Yl

wOHdmkfha ish¨ me;slv wdjrKh jkakdjQ rcfha iïmQ¾K cd;sl wOHdmk m%;sm;a;sh ieliSug rchg Wmfoia §u i|yd 1991 § cd;sl wOHdmk fldñiu msysgqjk ,È' th wdrïNfha isg u m%;sm;a;s f,aLk .Kkdjla u m< fldg we;' tajd w;ßka fmdÿ wOHdmkhg wod< jk jd¾;dj,ska iuyrla my; ±lafõ'

1992 - cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdfõ wjidk jd¾;dj

1995 - cd;sl wOHdmk m%;sm;a;shla i|yd ls%hd Wmk; l%ufõohla

1997 - idudkH wOHdmkh ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh

2003 - idudkH wOHdmkh i|yd cd;sl m%;sm;a;s rduqjlg

fhdackdj,shla

2016 - Y%S ,xldfõ idudkH wOHdmkh i|yd cd;sl m%;sm;a;shlg fhdackdj,shla

wOHdmkh .ek j.lsj hq;= ish¨ wdh;k yd wêldÍka

úiska cd;sl wOHdmk fldñifï cd;sl wOHdmk m%;sm;a;sj,g

wkql+, úh hq;= jqj o" by; ±lafjk jd¾;d u.ska fhdackd lrk

,o ks¾foaY fndfyduhla fï olajd iïmQ¾Kfhka l%shdfõ fhdod

ke;'

flfia fj;;a" cd;sl wOHdmk fldñiu u.ska y÷kdf.k

we;s cd;sl wruqKq yd uQ,sl ksmqK;d14 u.ska mqoa.,hdg M,odhS

l%shdldrlïj,g iyNd.s ùug;a" ;uka yd iudch ms<sn|

ia:djr;ajh ,nd .ekSug;a" ish¨ jHQyhka foi mq¿,a m¾hdf,dal

;=<ska úIhdkqnoaO j ne,Sug;a" wfkHdkH jYfhka yjq,a jQ foaYSh"

cd;sl yd cd;Hka;r oDIaá fldaKhlska ne,Sug ixfõ§;dj

f.dv kxjd,Sug;a yels jk w;r" fïjd cd;sl wOHdmk

wdh;kh úiska wkq.ukh lrk neõ fmfka' ieu uÜgul § u"

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha úIhud,d f,aLk" cd;sl fmdÿ

wOHdmk wruqKq iy wod< úIh ks¾foaYfha we;=<;a ish¨

ksmqK;d w;r we;s iïnkaO;dj cd,lhlska meyeÈ,s j yqjd

olajhs'

cd;sl fmdÿ wOHdmk wruqKq iy uQ,sl ksmqK;d m%:ujrg

olakg ,enqfKa 1990 ;reK fldñiu ^1990 ieis jd¾;d wxl

01& úiska fhdackd lrk ,o wOHdmk m%;sixialrK u; mokï

jQ cd;sl wOHdmk fldñifï 1992 jd¾;dfõ h15' fuu jd¾;dj"

mqoa.,hdg wod< jQ;a" cd;sl m%cdjg jeo.;a jQ;a f,i i,ld

cd;sl wruqKq 9la yd uQ,sl ksmqK;d 5la o" f;dard .;a w;r" tajd

úIhud,d ixj¾Okh yd ls%hd;aul lsÍu o we;=<;a jQ wOHdmk

ixj¾Okhg rduqjla f,i y÷kd .eksKs'

cd;sl wOHdmk fldñiu 2003 jd¾;dj14 wkqj fuu

;;a;ajh iudf,dapkh fldg" tjlg ;snqKq cd;sl wruqKq yd

uQ,sl ksmqK;d iq¿ fjkiaùï iys; j m%;sidOkh l<y' wruqKq

folla tla lrñka cd;sl wruqKq 8 olajd wvq flßK' ksmqK;d

folla w;sf¾l j tla lrk ,È' tajd fm!reI;aj j¾Okhg wkqn, fok fm!reI ksmqK;d iy jev f,dalhg iQodkï ùfï yelshdj Woa§mkh lsÍug wod< ksmqK;d úh'

cd;sl wOHdmk fldñifï 2016 jif¾ jd¾;dj2" tjlg Ndú; jQ 2003 jd¾;djg wod< cd;sl wruqKq .ek lsisu i|ykla fkdue;s j" Bg fjkia jQ cd;sl fmdÿ wOHdmk wruqKq 9la y÷kajd foñka" fmdÿ wOHdmkh wksjd¾hfhka u fï cd;sl wruqKq 9 m%dma;shg fhduq úh hq;= neõ m%ldY lrhs'

cd;sl wOHdmk fldñifï 2003 jd¾;dfjka fhdackd lrk ,o cd;sl fmdÿ wOHdmk wruqKq iy uQ,sl ksmqK;d wkq.ukh lrk nj ±kg ;sfnk ish¨ mdi,a úIhud,d f,aLk m%ldY lrk fyhska" uf.a foaYkhg tajdfha we;s wod<;ajh i,ld" tajd my; ±lafjk whqre bÈßm;a lrñ'

cd;sl fmdÿ wOHdmk wruqKq

^ & udkj wNsudkhg .re lsÍfï ixl,amhla u; msysgd Y%S ,dxlsl nyqúO iudcfha ixialD;sl úúO;ajh wjfndaO lr .ksñka cd;sl taldnoaO;djh" cd;sl Rcq .=Kh cd;sl iuÕsh" tluq;=lu iy iduh m%j¾Okh lsÍu ;=<ska cd;sh f.dv ke.Su iy Y%S ,dxlSh wkkH;djh ;yjqre lsÍu'

^ & fjkia jk f,dalhl wNsfhda.hkag m%;spdr olajk w;r cd;sl Wreufha úYsIaG;u jia;+ka ud yeÕs odhdohka y÷kd .ekSu iy ixrlaIKh lsÍu'

^ & udkj whs;sjdislïj,g .re lsÍu" hq;=lï yd j.lSï ms<sn| oekqj;a ùu" yDohdx.u ne£ulska hq;= j tlsfkld flfrys ie,ls,su;a ùu hk .=Kdx. m%j¾Okh lsÍug bjy,a jk iudc idOdrK;aj iïu;hka iy m%cd;dka;%sl Ôjk rgdjla .eí jQ mßirhla ks¾udKh lsÍu iy mj;ajd f.k hdug iydh ùu'

wOHdmkh ;=<ska j¾Okh flfrk my; ±lafjk uQ,sl ksmqK;d by; i|yka cd;sl wruqKq uqÿkam;a lr .ekSug odhl jkq we;'

uQ,sl ksmqK;d y;

' ikaksfõok ksmqK;d

idlaIr;dj" ixLHd ms<sn| ±kqu" rEml Ndú;h iy f;dr;=re ;dlaIK m%ùK;ajh hk wkq lKav 4la u; ikaksfõok ksmqK;d mokï fõ'

^ & mqoa.,hskaf.a udkisl yd YdÍßl iqj iïm; iy udkj w.hhkag .re lsÍu u; mokï jQ ;sridr Ôjk l%uhla m%j¾Okh lsÍu'

^ & iqiudys; jQ iunr fm!reIhla i|yd ks¾udmK yelshdj" wdrïNl Yla;sh úpdrYS,S Ñka;kh j.lSu yd j.ùu we;=¿ fjk;a Okd;aul wx. ,laIK ixj¾Okh lsÍu'

^ & mqoa.,hdf.a iy cd;sfha Ôj .=Kh jeäÈhqKq flfrk iy Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Ól ixj¾Okh i|yd odhl jk M,odhS ld¾hhka i|yd wOHdmkh ;=<ska udkj iïm;a ixj¾Okh lsÍu'

^ & YS>%fhka fjkia jk f,dalhla ;=< isÿ jk fjkialï wkqj yev.eiSug yd tajd md,kh lr .ekSug mqoa.,hska iQodkï lsÍu iy ixlS¾K yd wkfmalaIs; wjia:djkag id¾:l j uqyqK §fï yelshdj j¾Okh lsÍu'

^ & cd;Hka;r m%cdj w;r f.!rjkSh ia:dkhla ysñ lr .ekSug odhl jk hqla;sh iudk;ajh iy wfkHdakH .re;ajh u; mokï jQ wdl,am yd l=i,;d fmdaIKh lsÍu'

idlaIr;dj idjOdk j weyqïlka §u" meyeÈ,s j l:d lsÍu" f;areï .ekSu i|yd lshùu" ksjerÈ j iy ksrjq,a j ,sùu" M,odhS whqßka woyia yqjudre lr .ekSu'

ixLHd ms<sn| ±kqu NdKav" wjldYh yd ld,h" .Kka lsÍu" .Kkh iy ñkqï i|yd l%%udkql+, b,lalï Ndú;h

rEml Ndú;h f¾Ld iy wdlD;s Ndú;fhka woyia ms<sìUq lsÍu iy f¾Ld" wdlD;s iy j¾K .<mñka úia;r" Wmfoia yd woyia m%ldYkh yd jd¾;d lsÍu'

f;dr;=re ;dlaIK m%ùK;ajh mß.Kl ±kqu iy bf.kSfï § o" fiajd mßY%hka ;=< § o" fm!oa.,sl Ôú;fha § o" f;dr;=re iy ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh Wmfhda.s lr .ekSu

fm!reI;aj j¾Okhg wod< ksmqK;d

ks¾udKYS,s nj" wmidÍ Ñka;kh" wdrïNl Yla;sh" ;SrK .ekSu" .eg¨ ksrdlrKh lsÍu" úpdrYS,s yd ú.%%yd;aul Ñka;kh" lKavdhï yeÕSfuka lghq;= lsÍu" mqoa.,dka;r in|;d" kj fidhd .ekSï iy .fõIKh jeks jd¾.Sh l=i,;dj¦

Rcq .=Kh" bjid ord isàfï Yla;sh iy udkj wNsudkhg .re lsÍu" jeks w.hhka

Ñ;a;fõ.S nqoaêh

' mßirhg wod< ksmqK;d

fuu ksmqK;d idudðl" ffcj iy fN!;sl mßirhkag wod< fõ'

iudc mßirh( cd;sl Wreuhka ms<sn| wjfndaOh" nyqjd¾.sl iudchl idudðlhka ùu yd iïnkaO ixfõ§;dj yd l=i,;d" idOdrK hqla;sh ms<sn| yeÕSu"

iudc iïnkaO;d" mqoa.,sl p¾hdj" idudkH yd ffk;sl

iïm%odhka" whs;sjdislï" j.lSï" hq;=lï iy ne£ï'

ffcj mßirh( iÔù f,dalh" ck;dj iy ffcj moaO;sh"

.ia je,a" jkdka;r" uqyqÿ" c,h" jd;h iy Ôjh - Ydl"

i;a;aj yd ñksia Ôú;hg iïnkaO jQ wjfndaOh" ixfõ§

nj yd l=i,;d

fN!;sl mßirh( wjldYh" Yla;sh" bkaOk" øjH" NdKav

iy ñksia Ôú;hg tajdfha we;s iïnkaO;dj" wdydr" we÷ï"

ksjdi" fi!LH" iqj myiqj" Yajikh" kskao" ksial,xlh"

úfõlh" wmøjH iy u,my lsÍu hkdÈh yd iïnkaO jQ

wjfndaOh" ixfõ§;dj yd l=i,;dj

bf.kSu" jev lsÍu iy Ôj;a ùu i|yd fuj,ï iy ;dlaIKh

m%fhdackhg .ekSfï l=i,;d fuys wvx.= fõ'

4' jev f,dalhg iQodkï ùfï ksmqK;d

wd¾Ól ixj¾Okhg odhl ùu

;u jD;a;Sh ,eÈhd iy wNsfhda.H;d y÷kd .ekSu

yelshdjkag iß,k whqßka /lshdjla f;dard .ekSu iy

jdisodhl yd ;sridr Ôjfkdamdhl ksr; ùu

hk yelshdjka Wmßu lsÍug yd Odß;dj jeä lsÍug wod<

fiajd kshqla;sh yd iïnkaO l=i,;d

wd.u iy wdpdr O¾uhkag wod< ksmqK;d

mqoa.,hkag ;u ffoksl Ôú;fha § wdpdr O¾u" iodpdrd;aul

yd wd.udkql+, yeisÍï rgdjkag wkq.; fjñka jvd;a WÑ;

foa f;dard thg iß,k fia lghq;= lsÍu i|yd w.hhka Wlyd

.ekSu yd iaùhlrKh

l%Svdj yd úfõlh m%fhdackhg .ekSfï ksmqK;d

fi!kao¾h" idys;Hh" fi,a,ï lsÍu" l%Svd yd u,, l%Svd" úfkdaodxY yd fjk;a ks¾udKd;aul Ôjk rgdjka ;=<ska m%ldY jk úfkdaoh" i;=g" wdfõ. iy tjka udkqIsl w;a±lSï

zbf.kSug bf.kquZ ms<sn| ksmqK;d

YS>%fhka fjkia jk" ixlS¾K yd tlsfkld u; hefmk f,dalhl mßj¾;k l%shdj,shla yryd fjkiaùï yiqrejd .ekSfï § yd Bg ixfõ§j yd id¾:lj m%;spdr ±laùu;a iajdëkj bf.k .ekSu;a i|yd mqoa.,hska yg Yla;sh ,nd §u

2007 § y÷kajd ÿka mdi,a úIhud,djg cd;sl wruqKq

yd uQ,sl ksmqK;d flf;la ÿrg we;=<;a ù we;af;a o"

wruqKq idOkh ù we;a o" ieu fY%aKshl u" ieu úIhhla u

yryd fï ksmqK;d ixj¾Okh fldg we;a o" hk fï lreK .ek

fidhd ne,Sug 2010 jif¾ § YS% ,xld wOHdmk m%j¾Ok ix.uh

wOHhkhl16 ksr; jqKs' tu jd¾;dfjka wkdjrKh jQfha iuyr

úIhhka weiqßka cd;sl fmdÿ wOHdmk wruqKqj,g wjOdkh

fkd,eî we;s nj hs' tfiau ;j;a iuyr úIhj, cd;sl wruqKq

weiqßka úIhud,d wruqKq yd wNsu;d¾: u;= lr .ekSug is;a

fhduqlr fkdue;s nj hs'

2'6 Y%S ,xld iqÿiqlï rduqfõ ud¾. o¾Yl

fï Èkj, wmg ks;r wefik kj mkakfha m%ldYhla jkafka

z21 jk ishjfia l=i,;dZ hkak hs' 21 jk ishjfia l=i,;d

f,i" wOHdmkh ;=< mq¿,a j úia;r lrkafka ±kqu" l=i,;d"

jev mqreÿ yd mqoa.,hl=f.a yeisÍï rgdfjys jákd wxY h'

iS>%fhka fjkia jk 21 jk ishjia iudcfha yd fiajd ia:dkhl

id¾:l wfhl= ùug kï fïjd wjYH neõ y÷kdf.k we;af;a

wOHdmk{hska" m%;sm;a;s iïmdolhska" jHdmdßl kdhlhka"

Ydia;%dpd¾hjreka rcfha wdh;k iy fjk;a ndysr md¾Yaj h'

fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,fha iqÿiqlï o we;=<;a"

Y%S ,xldfõ Wiia wOHdmk wdh;kj, iqÿiqlï ms<sn| j.lSula

ork cd;sl ixia:dhs;aj rduqjla f,i Y%S ,xld iqÿiqlï rduqj 17

ie,fla'

ta wkqj" wOHhk jevigykl wjidkfha § iqÿiqlï

,oaokaf.a iqúfYaI;d f,i idudkH YsIHfhl= úiska j¾Okh lr

.; hq;= hehs wfmalaIs; mq¿,a yelshd ms<sn| fmdÿ m%ldY lÜg,hla

Y%S ,xld iqÿiqlï rduqj u.ska imhd we;' cd;sl jeo.;alula

we;ehs Wiia wOHdmk wud;HdxYh úiska y÷kdf.k we;s ks¾ÈIag

m%;sM, ms<sn| m%ldY 12la fï u.ska f,aLk.; fldg ;sfí' ;j o"

fcHIaG oaú;Shsl uÜgfï isg wdpd¾h Wmdê uÜgu olajd

iqÿiqlï ,oaojqka i;= úh hq;= 21 jk ishjfia l=i,;d ms<sn| j o

tys wvx.= ù ;sfí'

miq.sh oYl ;=k ;=< f,dalfha fndfyda rgj,a cd;sl

iqÿiqlï rduqj y÷kajd § we;' rgl úúO uÜgïj,

iqÿiqlï j¾.SlrKh lsÍug Ndú; lrk fuj,ula jkafka

cd;sl iqÿiqlï rduqj h' ieu iqÿiqlï uÜgula u tu

uÜgfï § wfmalaId lrk bf.kqï m%;sM, lÜg,hlg wkqj

w¾: olajd we;' iqÿiqlïj, úksúoNdjh /lSug;a f.da,Sh f,i

ikaikaokh lsÍug;a cd;sl iqÿiqlï rduqj m%fhdackj;a h'

cd;sl iqÿiqlï rduqfjys ;j;a jdishla kï" tl u rgl

iyÔjkfhka mejf;k fmdÿ yd jD;a;Sh wOHdmkh" hdjÔj

mqyqKqj" jeäysá yd jev mdol bf.kSu iy Wiia wOHdmkh

jeks úúO iqÿiqlï moaO;sj,g meyeÈ,s njla yd ix.; njla

f.k tau hs' 2017 § hqfkiafldaj úiska m%ldYhg m;a l< f.da,Sh

bkafjkagßhg18 wkqj" ±kg cd;sl iqÿiqlï rduqj l%shd;aul

lrk yd ixj¾Okh lrk rgj,a ixLHdj 150lg jeä h'

Y%S ,xld iqÿiqlï

rduqfõ uÜgu

iqÿiqlu iei¢h yels cd;sl

jD;a;Sh iqÿiqlï

uÜgu

12 o¾YkY+Í$ ffjoH iNd

iy;sl ,;a ffjoHdpd¾h$

idys;HY+Í$ úoHdm;s

11 o¾Ykm;s

10 m¾fhaIK iy mdGud,d

mdol Ydia;%m;s Wmdêh

9 mdGud,d mdol Ydia;%m;s

Wmdêh

8 mYapd;a Wmdê ämaf,daud

7 mYapd;a Wmdê iy;sl

6 f.!rj Wmdê

5 Wmdê 7

4 Wiia ämaf,daud 6

3 ämaf,daud 5

2 Wiia iy;sl ^w'fmd'i'

Wiia fm< fyda Bg

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1 iy;sl ^w'fmd'i' idudkH

fm< fyda Bg iudk&

3

2

Y%S ,xld iqÿiqlï rduqfõ uÜgï iu. Wiia wOHdmk iqÿiqlï iy cd;sl

jD;a;Sh iqÿiqlï rduqj iei|Su my; j.=fjys ±lafõ'

Ydia;%Sh iqÿiqlï uÜgïj,g wu;r j" cd;sl jD;a;Sh iqÿiqlï

u.ska ikaikaokh l< yels uÜgï o mejf;k ksid" Y%S ,xldfõ cd;sl iqÿiqlï rduqj f,i Y%S ,xld iqÿiqlï rduqj ie,lsh yels h'

Y%S ,xld iqÿiqlï rduqfjys m<uq uÜgï fol ^uÜgï 1-2& fcHIaG oaú;Shsl iqÿiqlï jk w;r tajd iudk jkafka ms<sfj<ska w'fmd'i' ^id' fm<& yd w'fmd'i' ^W' fm<& i|yd h' B<Õ uÜgï y;r ̂ uÜgï 3 - 6& Wmdê wfmalaIl iqÿiqlï h' wksla uÜgï yh ^uÜgï 7-12& mYapd;a Wmdê uÜgug iïnkaO fõ' bf.kqï m, i|yd we;s wNsfhda.;a" bf.kSfï ixlS¾K;ajh;a ieu uÜgula iuÕ u by< hhs'

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�flfia fj;;a" mdi,a úIhud,d" úNd. wkqj ;SrKh fkdúh hq;= h' isiqfjl=f.a wOHmkh uq¿ukska u ueá%lHqf,aIka fj; fhduq lsÍfï ±kg mj;sk l%uh;a" bka miqj ,kavka bkag¾óäfhÜ úNd.fha úIhhka y;rlg Tyqf.a wNHdihka iSud lsÍu;a ish¨ wOHdmk uQ, O¾uj,g mgyeks fõ' fcHIaG mdGYd,d iy;slh ie,iqï l< hq;af;a" Tyqf.a jevj,ska fldgila uefkk whqßks' tfy;a" úNd.h úIhud,dj u; r|d mej;sh hq;= w;r" úIhud,dj úNd.h u; /¢h hq;= fkdfõ' ;j o" úIhud,dj úNd.h i|yd kshñ; úIhhka .Kkg muKla iSud fkd úh hq;= h�'

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfhka wkqu; lrk ,o úIh ks¾foaYfhka ms<s.;a ld, mßÉfþo .Kkg jvd jeä .Kkla" tkï" 1100 fjkqjg 1512la o" 900 fjkqjg 1260la o" ms<sfj<ska fï úNd. úIhhka b.ekaùug ieu mdi,a j¾Ihl u fjka fldg we;s nj wmf.a wOHhkfhka fmkS hhs'

fï úNd. fol i|yd wjYH jk úIh ks¾foaY i|yd mdi,a ld,igykaj, m%udKj;a ld,iSudjla fjka fldg we;' tfia kï" isiqkg Ydia;%Sh jevNdrfha w;sßla;hla we;s neõ mejiSug fjk;a fya;= ;sìh hq;= h'

by; úYaf,aIKfha § isiqfjl=f.a jevNdrh ;SrKh lrk úg wms wjOdkh fhduq lf<a úIh ks¾foaYfha lsishï úIhhlg fjka fldg ;snqKq ld, mßÉfþo .Kkg muKs' tfy;a ie,ls,a,g .; hq;= ;j;a wdY%s; fya;+ .Kkdjla we;' tkï" mx;s ldurfha § b.ekajQ oE iudf,dapkhg;a" m%;sidOkhg;a YsIHhdg wjYH ld,h .ek wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu hs' tys § úfYaI ie,ls,a, fhduq l< hq;af;a" .=rejrhd úiska kshu lrk ,o f.or jevj, fh§u" wOHhkh i|yd we;s mdvïj, ÿIalr;d uÜgu yd úNd. i|yd iQodkï ùu hk lreKqj,g h'

úIh ks¾foaY ixfYdaOk isÿjkafka ieu wjqreÿ wglg u jrls' ta ieu jdrhl § u" úIh lreKq fjkia lsÍu ms<sn| j

;SrKh lrkafka" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh úiska" ta tla tla úIhh i|yd f;dark ,o úfYaI{ lKavdhfï u;h wkqj h' w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& i|yd úfYaI{ lKavdhu f;dard .kafka fjfiiska u ±kg fiajh lrk yd úY%dñl úYajúoHd,hSh úoaj;=kaf.ks' mx;s ldur mßirh yd idudkH isiqfjl=f.a wjfndaO uÜgu .ek Tjqkaf.a ksrdjrKh" .=rejreka lsysm fofkl= iu. flfrk ikaksfõokhkag muKla iSud fõ' ta fya;=fjka" mx;s ldurh ;=< lsishï úIhhla b.ekaùfï § .=rejrekag uqyqK §ug isÿjk ÿIalr;d .ek fï úfYaI{ lKavdhfï idudðlhska yg iïmQ¾Kfhka wjfndaO fkdjkakg mq¿jk' fjk;a jpkfhka lsjfyd;a" idudkH isiqfjl=g Wlyd .ekSug myiq jk fõ.hlg wkqj" idudkH .=rejrfhl=g meyeÈ,s lsÍug yels lreKq m%udKh flf;la oeZhs iujfndaOh lr .ekSug fï úfYaI{hkg wmyiq úh yels h' úIh ks¾foaYhla b.ekaùu iuia;hla jYfhka .kakd úg" tys ish¨ wxY tlaj .ekSfï § we;sjk jevNdrh flf;la oeZhs ksYaph lsÍug úfYaI{ lKavdhug fkdyelsùu;a" úIhud,dfõ Ndrh jeäùug ;j;a fya;=jla jkakg we;'

úIh ks¾foaYhl wka;¾.;h yd wOHhk lreKqj, uÜgu ;SrKh lsÍfï moku úh hq;af;a" mdi,a j¾Ihla ;=< tu úIhh b.ekaùug fjka fldg we;s uq¿ ld,mßÉfþo ixLHdj yd úkdä 40l ld, mßÉfþohla ;=< isiqkg w¾:dkaú; whqßka bÈßm;a l< yels úIh lreKq fudkjdo hk lreKq u; h' tfy;a wm rfgys n,OdÍka úiska ±kg wkq.ukh lrk l%shdoduh fï l%uhg jvd yd;amiska u fjkia h'

lsishï úIhhl ks¾ÈIag bf.kqï m, idOkh i|yd by; ±lajQ ish¨ u l%shdldrlï bgq lsÍug" zidudkHZ isiqfjl=g ksudkkh jk ld,h y÷kajkafka" iïmQ¾K úIhud,dfõ tu úIhhg fjka jQ ud¾f.damfoaYs; bf.kqï meh f,i h' th ieu úgu l,ams;hla ñi h:d;:H ñkqula fkdfõ' tfy;a" úIhud,dj ilia lrkakka wfmalaId lrkakd jQ mdvï lsÍfï m%udKh;a" lemùfï uÜgula .ek lsishï bÕshla isiqkg fï u.ska iemfha'

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh u.ska wkqu; lrk ,o ieu úIh ks¾foaYhlg u iïu; ieliqula ;sfí' tys f;dr;=re j.=jla f,i olajd we;s w;r" ;Srej,g ud;Dld fhdod ;sfí' tkï( ksmqK;dj" ksmqK;d uÜgu" we;=<;a lreKq" bf.kqï m, yd ld, mßÉfþo .Kk hkqfjks' fï ixrpl w;r we;s iïnkaO;dj fufia úia;r fldg ;sfí' �isiqka ksmqK;d uÜgï yryd ksmqK;d idOkh lr.; hq;= w;r" tajd ieu bf.kqï m,hla hgf;a u i|yka fldg we;' fï ksmqK;d uÜgï idOkh i|yd isiqkg wjYH jk úIh m%udKh o úia;r fldg ;sfí' ;j o" bf.kqï - b.ekaùï yd ;lafiarej hk l%shdj,sh l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd wjYH ld, mßÉfþo ixLHdj o úIh ks¾foaYfha i|yka fõ'� wjidk ;Srefjys ±lafjk uq¿ tl;=j tu úIhfhys m%udKh f,i ie,lsh yels h'

ud okakd ;rñka" tla tla úIh i|yd wjYH ixl,ams; bf.kqï meh úIh ks¾foaY ilia lsÍfï fhÿKq wod< lKavdhï úiska .Kkh fldg fkdue;' fï f;dr;=re wm fj; ;snqfKa kï tla tla iqÿiqlï i|yd ;sfnk uq¿ úIhh ixLHdj i,ld n,d" ta wkqj" oekg isiqkg ;sfnk Ydia;%Sh jevNdrh iïnkaOfhka ±kqj;a ;SrKhla .; yels fõ'

3'2 úIhud,d wdY%s; bf.kSu

fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh ;,fha isiqkag Tjqkaf.a ld,h u; fndfyda jQ wjYH;d mek ke.S we;' idudkH mdi,a Èkhla ;=< fï lKavdhfï isiqfjl= wfmalaId lrk l%shdldrlïj,g we;=<;a jkafka" mdi,a l%shdldrlï" .ukd.ukh ^mdi,g yd mdi,ska& mdi,a fõ,dfjka miqj úIh ndysr jev" w;sf¾l lshùï" f.or jev" mjqf,a wh iu. .; lrk ld,h iy kshñ; fõ,djla ksod .ekSu hkdÈh hs' tfy;a mqoa.,sl mx;s fuys § i,ld n,d fkdue;'

wo uxudj;aj, mj;sk oreKq jdyk ;onoh fya;=fjka isiqjl=g mdi,g taug yd hdug ke;fyd;a .ukd.ukh lsÍug .;jk ld,h fnfyúka fjkia úh yels h' mdi,a ld,fhka

miqj" ;+¾h jdol lKavdhï" lS%vd" jdo újdo" idys;H" rÕmEï

yd kdgH" ix.S;h yd ixialD;sl l%shdldrlï wdÈfhys ksr;ùu

isiqkaf.a mqoa.,sl Ôú;" hymeje;au yd wkd.; /lshd wjia:d

flf¾ fndfyda m%fhdackj;a úh yels h' fï l%shdldrlïj,

fkdlvjd ksr;ùfï § o ld,h jehfõ' kjl:d fõjd" m%jD;a;s

fõjd" úoHd ,smshla fyda ldjH iudf,dapkhla fõjd" w;sf¾l

lshùu" fh!jk isiqkaf.a ixcdkkh yev.eiaùug Woõ fõ'

nqoaêh Yla;su;a flf¾' tfuka u is;Su jvd;a .;sl njg m;a

lrhs' tfyhska" ffoksl jYfhka b;d iq¿ ld,hla fyda w;sf¾l

lshùu i|yd fjka lsÍfuka wfhl=f.a Ôú;hg Okd;aul

n,mEula we;s l< yels nj wmg ksielj u lsj yels h'

f,dalfha ish¨ wOHdmk{hska isiqka i|yd mdif,ka ,nd

fok f.or jev" fndfyda w;ska isiqkg w;HjYH fuka u jeo.;a

jk njg tlÕ fkdjQj o" fndfyda wh mdif,ka ,nd fok f.or

jev w;HjYH hehs úYajdi lr;s' wruqKla we;s j flfrk f.or

jev mejreïj,ska kj ixl,am ms<sn| wjfndaOh we;s l< yels

w;r" isiqkag úIh m%udKh .ek jvd;a .eUqre wjfndaOhla ,nd

Èh yels w;r iajdëk j m%ùK;ajhla ,eìh yels l=i,;d o

ÈhqKq lr.; yels fõ' f.or jev mejreï fkdlvjd lsÍfuka"

úNd.j, §" isiqkaf.a ld¾h m,h jeä ÈhqKq lr.; yels fõ'

iuyr rgj, lrk ,o m¾fhaIKj,g wkqj" orefjda uõmshka

yd mjq,la f,i .=Kd;aul ld,hla .; lsÍu o fndfyda m%;s,dN

f.k fokakls' uõmshka yd orejka w;r iaÓridr ne`§ula we;s

lsÍug th fya;= jk w;r ta u.ska" mjqf,a idudðlhkg Tjqkaf.a

is;=ú,s yd ye`.Sï újD; j m%ldY lsÍug wjia:dj ,efí' tA ksid u

orefjda mdif,a§ by< uÜgfï Ydia;S%h ld¾h m,hla o ,nd

.ekSug iu;a fj;s'

mdi,a úfha orejkag ukd fia jeãug iqLodhS kskaola ,eîu o

fya;=jla jk nj úfYaI{fhda mji;s' fï jhfia orefjl=g wju

jYfhka tla /hlg meh 8'5 - 9'0l kskaola wjYHh h'

fï lreKq mdol fldg f.k" l,ams; fcHIaG oaú;Shsl

isiqfjl=f.a jevNdrh uu Wml,amkh lr .Kkh lf<ñ'

fuhska fmkS hkafka fcHIaG oaú;Shsl isiqfjl=g mdi,a

Èkhla ;=< idudkHfhka flfrk l%shdldrlïj, fh§ug

ojfia uq¿ meh .Kk m%udKj;a fkdjk nj hs' fuu jevNdrh

wvqlr .ekSug .; yels tlu mshjr jkafka" wOHhk

jevigyfkys we;s úIh .Kkg fl<ska u iudkqmd;sl jk

mdvï iudf,dapkhg yd f.or jevj,g .;jk ld,h kej;

ilia lsÍu hs'

1940 .Kkaj,§ o f.or jevj,g .;jk ld,h mekhla j

;snQ nj fmfka' úfYAI jd¾;dj1 tA .ek fufia olajhs'

�;j;a fmdÿ .eg¨jla f.or jev yd iïnkaê; h'

úNd.j,g we;s wjOdrKh;a" úNd. iu;a ùfuka ,o

yels wd¾Ól jdis;a" wfma mdif,a isiqkaf.a ysi u; uyd

nrla m;s; fldg we;' f.or jevj, nr ±ä ùu Tjqka

ldhsl j wdndê; ;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍug ;a" Tjqkaf.a

wdrïNl Yla;shg ydks isÿùug;a fya;= úh yels h'�

fcHIaG oaú;Shsl isiqfjl= i|yd Wml,ams; jevNdrh

1' WoEik wdydrh iy iQodku } ú' 30

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3' mdi,a ld,h } me' 06

4' úIh ndysr jev } me' 2'5

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6' mjq, iu. .; lrk ld,h yd rd;%s wdydrh } me' 01

7' mdvï iudf,dapkh yd f.or jev mejreï } me' 4'5 ^1 úIhlg ú'30

ne.ska úIh 9la&

8' ksod .ekSug hk ld,h } me' 09

uq¿ .Kk meh 25 hs

�wjqreÿ 17l fyda 18l isiqfjl=g f.or jev lsÍug

mdi,a Èkhlg ks¾foAY lrk ld,h meh folls' i;s

wka;h we;=<; l< hq;= jkafka tla /hlg wod< jk

m%udK hs'�

3'3 úIhud,dj ;lafiarej

isiqka w'fmd'i' ̂ Wiia fm<& úNd.fha § l%shdlrk wdldrh;a"

fjk;a rgj, isiqka Bg iudk úNd.j,§ l%shdlrk wdldrh;a

ixikaokh lsÍfï§ fmkS hk lreKq wmf.a úuiSug ,la fõ'

fï ms<sn| j tlai;a rdcOdksfha isiqka w<,d l< wOHhkhlska

my; ±lafjk m%;sM, w;a úh'

1 jk j.=fjka ±lafjkafka 2016 w'fmd'i' ^W'fm<& úNd.fha

Ôj úoHd úIhOdrdfjys ms<s.;a fYa%Ks ixfhdackh fyda Bg jvd

by< fYa%Ks ,enQjkaf.a iuqÉÑ; m%;sY;h hs'

2 jk j.=fjka ±lafjkafka tlai;a rdcOdksh ^ mdol

jQ w'fmd'i' ^W' fm<& úNd.j,§ ,enQjkaf.a

iuqÉÑ; jHdma;sh ms<sn| j" 2004 § m< l< jd¾;djl

WoaOD;hls19'

tlai;a rdcOdksfhys w'fmd'i' ^W'fm<& m%;sM, jir

.Kkdjla ;=< idfmalaI j ia:dhs f,i mejf;k nj ms<s.kakd

fyhska fuu o;a; Wmfhda.s fldg f.k fï moaO;s foflys

ixikaokhla lsÍu idOdrK h'

2 jk j.=fjys .Kkh lr we;af;a

tlai;a rdcOdks moaO;sj, tla tla fYa%Ksh i`oyd fjka fldg

we;s ixLHd;aul w.h Ndú; lrñks' tkï(

fuu j.= foflys f;dr;=re mdol fldg f.k" tlai;a rdcOdksfha isiqkag iudk lrk úg" wmf.a Ôj úoHd Odrdfõ isiqkaf.a idOk uÜgï .ek úúO ksÍlaIK l< yels h' WodyrK jYfhka" ;=kla fyda Bg jvd by< fY%AKs ,nd f.k we;af;a Y%S ,xldfõ isiqka w;ßka 25]lg ;rula jeä m%udKhls' tfy;a

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YsIHhka we.hSfï § ±kg wkq.ukh lrk l%uh wdpd¾h Ô' î' .=Kj¾Ok ukdj úia;r lrhs24'

�YsIHfhl= jvd;a mq¿,a oDIAáfldaKhlska we.hSug w'fmd'i' ^id'fm<& yd w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& úNd.j,g we;s YlH;dj úfõpkhg ,la ù we;' YsIHfhl= tla jrla fmkS isák úNd.hl ld¾hm,h mdol fldg .ekSfuka úIhud,djlska j¾Okh fõ heZhs wfmalaId lrk w.kd l=i,;d fndfyduhl we.hSula isÿ fkdfõ' th fndfyda isiqkg wjdisodhl h' ;j o" iu;=,s; j¾Okhlg yd /lshd iïnkaê; ksmqK;dj,g ;=vqfok ks¾-m%cdkk ^ & l=i,;d jvkakd jQ úIhdkqnoaO l%shdldrlï iSud lrk iq¿ iajNdjhla fï úNd. i;= fõ'�

1943 j¾Ifha úfYaI jd¾;dj1" tjlg mej;s wOHdmk l%ufha iuyr wvqmdvq fmkajd fohs'

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B<Õg" tjlg Ndú; jQ fcHIaG oaú;Shsl iy;slh yd Wiia mdGYd,d iy;slh .ek i|yka lrñka"

�fï úNd. yqfola u;l ;nd .ekSfï Yla;sh uek n,k" lgmdvï lsÍug wkqn, fok" tajd kï" bka M,la fkdue;' fï ksid" ±kqu kj wjia:dj,g fhdod .; yels wkaofï m%Yak ie,lsh hq;= m%udKhla ilia lsÍug mÍlaIlfhda W;aiql úh hq;af;a h'�

úfYaI jd¾;dj tjlg mej;s we.hSï l%uh o úYaf,aIKh lrhs'

�,xldfõ wOHhkh yd b.ekaùu w;r we;s

iyiïnkaO;dj ms<sn| wjfndaOh úr, hehs wms iel

lruq' úNd.j,g mqyqKq lsÍfï l%uh mej;Sfuka u ta

wjfndaOh fkdue;s neõ fmfka' mqyqKq lsÍu jQ l,s"

wOHdmkh m%;sfIaO lsÍuls' YsIHhdg ysñ ke;s m%dma;s

,l=Kla Tyq fj; m%odkh lsÍu i|yd" úNd. l%ufha

ÿ¾j,;dfjka whq;= m%fhdack .ekSfï jEhula f,i fuh

ie,lsh yels h' YsIHhd ±k.; hq;= foa fkdi,ld yer"

mÍlaIlhd YsIHhdf.ka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk ms<s;=re

f,i mqyqKqlrejd is;k oE flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu

fuhska isÿ fõ' m%Yak f;dard.kq ,nkafka wyUq f,i h'

lreKq f;dard .kafka tajdfhys we;s wod<;ajh wkqj

fkdj" tajd iu.%yKh lsÍfï yd kej; bÈßm;a lsÍfï

woyisks' lg mdvï lsÍu i|yd lreKqj, ksrjoH;dj"

ir, njg hg;a flf¾' woyia f;drù tajd lreKq njg

m;a fõ' YsIHhdg is;kakg kQ.kajhs' tfy;a YsIHhdg

wjfndaOhla we;s njg mÍlaIlhd rjgk ;;a;ajhg

m%udKj;a jk fia" lreKq lgmdvï lsÍug i,iajhs'�

;dlaIKsl yd ixialD;sl ÈhqKqjg iu.dó j" wOHdmkh

ksr;=rej u j¾Okh fõ heZhs wms wfmalaId l< o" ±kg mj;sk

l%uh ;=< we;s b.ekaùï" bf.kSï yd we.hSï l%shdj,Ska wmf.a

fouõmshkaf.a yd uq;=ka ñ;a;kaf.a mrïmrdj, mej;s l%uj,g

fnfyúka iudk fõ'

4' l%shd;aul l< yels úi÷ï

fuu foaYkfha wjika fldgfiys" ud woyia lrkafka" uq, §

ke.+ .eg¨ fol i|yd Èh yels úi÷ï lsysmhla bÈßm;a lsÍug hs'

tu .eg¨ kï( isiqkaf.a udkisl yd YdÍßl fi!LHhg ±ä j

n,mdkakd jQ;a" Ydia;%Sh mSvkhla we;s lrkakd jQ;a wêNdrhla

ork mdi,a úIhud,dj ms<sn| fmdÿ úfõpkh yd ±kg mj;akd

mdi,a úIhud,dfjka" 21 jk ishjfia bf.k.kakd jQ isiqkaf.a

wNsfhda.j,g id¾:l j uqyqK §ug yelsjk" jvd;a mq¿,a jQ

l=i,;d iuQyhla isiqkag ,efío hk .eg¨jhs'

udf.a m%ùK;ajh wOHdmkh fkdj .Ks;h hs' wOHdmk

.eg¨ .ek udf.a Wkkaÿj we;s jQfha wOHdmk wud;HdxYh yd

Wiia wOHdmk wud;HdxYh hgf;a mejf;k úúO wdh;k u.ska

ixúOdkh lrk ,o l%shdldrlïj,g iyNd.s ùfuks' ;j o"

wOHdmkh ms<sn| j ±kg we;s f.da,Sh m%jK;d .ek mqoa.,sl j

úuid ne,Sfuks' by; lreKq ms<sn| j ud bÈßm;a lrk fhdackd

tu w;a±lSï ;=<ska ,nd .;a oE h' fï fhdackdj,ska iuyr tajd

±kgu;a fmdÿ f,aLkj, ;sfnkakg mq¿jk'

fuu foaYkfhys ±kg mj;sk l%uh i|yd fhdackd fldg

we;s m%;sixialrK l%ufhka j¾Okh jkakla ñi ;on,

úm¾hdihla we;s lrkakla fkdjk nj yÕsñ' tfy;a tajdfha

iuqÉÑ; n,mEu" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk

mßÈ u" wfma orejkaf.a wOHdmk m, ;j ÿrg;a jeä ÈhqKq

lsÍug fya;= jkjd we;' cd;sl wOHdmk fldñiug wkqj2(

�orefjl= mdi,a yerhk ld,h meñfKk úg" w;a±lSï

wdY%s; bf.kSfuka j¾Okh ùug fm,UqKq" yelshdj

we;af;la úh hq;= h' lKavdhul idudðlfhl= ùug"

fnod yod .ekSug" wkqkaf.a whs;sjdislï .re lsÍug yd

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fiiq úIh ms<sn| idOk$ l%shdldrlï(

fi!kao¾h wOHhkh$fjk;a NdId ^1 jk ldKavh&" ;dlaIKsl wOHhkh ^2 jk ldKavh&" fojk ni" YdÍßl wOHdmkh yd f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh

w'fmd'i' ^W' fm<& úIhhka 3l fY%aKs uÜgï yd mdi,a mdol ;lafiare ,l=Kq(

fjk;a úIhhkaf.a idOk yd l%shdldrlï(

m<uq ni" jHdmdßl bx.%Sis yd ikaksfõok l=i,;d fi!kao¾hd;aul l%shdldrlï ;=<ska idys;H ri ú£u" f;dr;=re ;dlaIKl=i,;d" mqrjeisNdjh wdY%s; l=i,;d" iudc hymeje;au i|yd fi!LHh yd Ôjk l=i,;d" jHjidhl;aj l=i,;d iy úIh ndysr - l%shdldrlï

5' ks.ukh

wfma rfgys ±kg mj;sk wOHdmk l%uh" fvdkfuda¾ iy fida,anß hq.j,ska miqj fndfyda ÿrla meñK we;' tfia jQfha wdpd¾h lkakka.r ue;s;=udf.a mqfrda.dó m%h;akhkag ia;=;sjka; jkakg h' tfy;a" 21 jk ishjfia § wmf.a ó<Õ mrïmrdjg id¾:l;ajhg t<öu i|yd wmf.a wOHdmk l%uh ksis fia ilia lr .ekSug ;j fndfyda ÿrla hd hq;= h' kqÿre wkd.;fha § u kj ks¾udKd;aul fjkiaùï iys; mßKdñ; ^ & wdlD;shlg fhduqùug wmg isÿ jkjd we;'

fï i|yd wm wmf.a l%fudamdhhka l%udkql+, j ie,iqï lr

.; hq;= h' bka miq wmf.a wOHdmk l%ufha ish¨ wxY wm isiqka

yg wkqn,hla jk mßÈ ixúOdkh lsÍfuka" Tjqka wo;a" fyg

Wodjk f,dalfha;a" bf.k .ekafuka yd jev lsÍfuka o hym;a

f,i Ôj;a ùug iQodkï l< hq;= fõ'

fufia wkd.;fha fjkia jk l%shdoduh fuu foaYkfhka

bÈßm;a l< mßÈ" fcHIaG oaú;Shsl yd úoHd,hSh uÜgï i|yd

fhdackd l< ia:djr jQ;a" l%ufhka j¾Okh jkakd jQ;a fjkiaùï

u; mokï l< yels h' fuu fhdackd l%shd;aul l<fyd;a"

tajdfha iuqÉÑ; M,h wfma wOHdmk l%uh h:d ld,fha § fjkia

fldg" B<Õ hq.h lrd ia:djr j fufyhjkjd we;'

merKs Ök wdmaf;damfoaYhla fufia lshhs

�.ila me< lsÍug iqÿiq u ld,h jir úiailg fmr h'

fojk iqÿiq u ld,h wohs'�

oYl .Kkdjlg fmr" .ila me< lsÍug wms wiu;a jQfhuq' tfyhska ;j;a ld,h wmf;a fkdhjd" wo ta .i me< l< hq;= h'

foaYlhd ms<sn| j ' ' ' ' '

wdpd¾h Wmd,s udïmsáh ±kg Y%S ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,fha iajNdúl úoHd mSGfha .Ks; wOHhkdxYfha m<uq fY%aKsfha fcHaIaG lÓldpd¾hjrfhl= jYfhka lghq;= lrhs' le,Ksh úYajúoHd,fha" úoHdmSGfha" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=jg wkqnoaO jjir úismylg wêl lS¾;su;a jD;a;Sh ld,iSudjlska wk;=re j t;=ud Y%S ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,hg iïnkaO úh'

.d,a, ßÉukaâ úoHd,fhka m%d:ñl yd oaú;Shsl wOHdmkh yeoEre t;=ud le,Ksh úYajúoHd,hg we;=<;a j .Ks; úIhhms<sn| úoHdfõ§ úfYaI Wmdêh yodrd m<uq fm< mx;s idud¾:Hhla iys;j iu;a úh' t;ekska fkdkej;=Kq t;=ud ish Ydiaf;%dakak;sh msKsi lekvdfõ Tgdjd úYajúoHd,hg we;=<;a j tys§ Tyq ish úoHdm;s yd o¾Yk Y+Í Wmdê ,nd .;af;ah'

Ydia;S%h jYfhka m%ùK úoajf;l= jQ wdpd¾h Wmd,s udïmsáh ue;s;=udf.a odhl;ajh úYajúoHd, moaO;shg muKla iSud fkdjqKq w;r Tyq oekg YS% ,xldfõ wOHdmkh iïnkaOfhka lghq;= lrk m%ùK úoaj;=ka w;ßka tla wfhls' j¾;udkfha t;=ud my; i|yka cd;sl wdh;kj, idudðl;ajh orñka YS% ,xldfõ mdi,a wOHdmkh iy Wiia wOHdmk lghq;=j, m%j¾Okh fjkqfjka ish wmßñ; odhl;ajh imhñka isà'

� úYajúoHd, m%;smdok fldñIka iNdj - ;;a;aj iy;sl ms<sn| ia:djr lñgqj

� cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdj - idudkH wOHdmkh ms<sn| ia:djr lñgqj

� cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdj - Wiia wOHdmkh ms<sn| ia:djr lñgqj

� Y%S ,xld m%;S;k uKav,fha md,l iNdj

� cd;sl wOHdmk m¾fhaIK yd we.hSï uOHia:dkh

� fld<U úYajúoHd,fha wOHdmk mSGfha mSG iNdfõ ndysr idudðl

2015 - 2018 w;rld, mßÉfþofha Tyq my; i|yka ;k;=re o fynùh'

� cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh - iNdm;s - Ydia;%Sh lghq;= iNdj

� Wiia wOHdmk wud;HdxYh - idudðl - m%;S;k iy ;;a;aj iy;sl ms<sn| ia:djr lñgqj

;jÿrg;a t;=ud 2015 wf.daia;= ui isg 2016 foieïn¾ olajd ld, iSudj ;=< hqfkiaflda wdishd meis*sla l,dmfha cd;sl iqÿiqlï rduqjla ixj¾Okh lsÍu i|yd jQ lñgqfõ idudðlfhla f,i lghq;= lf<a h'

;dhs,ka;fha nexfldla kqjr§ 2015 cq,s ui mej;s úfYaI /iaùug iyNd.s ùug;a cd;sl iqÿiqlï rduqjla i|yd l,dmSh ud¾f.damfoaY ixj¾Okh ms<sn| j bÈßm;a lsÍula i|yd;a hqfkiaflda ixúOdkfha nexfldla YdLdfjka t;=udg wdrdOkd lrk ,o w;r" 2016 fmnrjdß ui cmdkfha fgdalsfhda kqjr meje;ajQ jd¾Isl /iaùfï§ o fu;=ud úiska cd;sl iqÿiqlï rduqj ms<sn| j m%f;Hhsl wOHhkhla bÈßm;a lrk ,È' tfukau 2018 j¾Ifha § hqfkiafldaj u.ska m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,o �wdishd meis*sla l,dmfha iqÿiqlï rduq ixj¾Okh lsÍu yd Yla;su;a lsÍu ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaY� hk uefhka jQ cd;sl m%ldYkhg o ish Ydia;S%h odhl;ajh imhd we;'

t;=ud ;j ÿrg;a Wiia wOHdmk wud;HdxYh u.ska 2015 foieïn¾ ui m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,o �hdj;ald,Sk lrk ,o Y%S ,xld iqÿiqlï rduqfõ� ixialdrljrhdo úh'

bÈß oYlh i|yd Y%S ,xldfõ idudkH wOHdmkh ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla i|yd jk fhdackdj, m%Odk wx.hla jQ �Y%S ,xldfõ idudkH wOHdmkfha úIhud,d ixj¾Okh� uefhka jQ m¾fhaIK lKavdhfï idudðlfhl= f,i t;=ud 2014 j¾Ifha § cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdjg iydh úh' tfiau tu jif¾ § u t;=ud �.Ks; wOHdmkh - w;S;" j¾;udk iy wkd.;� hk uefhka 24 jk fÊ' B' chiQßh wkqiaurK foaYkh o meje;aúh'

lkakka.r Ñka;kfha ienE M,hla jQ wdpd¾h Wmd,s udïmsáh úoaj;dKkag" wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r wkqiaurK foaYk ud,dfõ 30 jk foaYkh meje;aùu i|yd cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh uy;a wNsudkfhka hq;= j wdrdOkd lrhs'

iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r wkqiaurK foaYk ud,dj

01' uydpd¾h fÊ' B' chiQßh' ^1988&' wOHdmkfha m%cd;ka;%SlrKh( wdpd¾h

iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r ue;s;=udf.ka bgqjQ fiajh'

02' uydpd¾h iaj¾Kd chùr' ^1989&' wOHdmk wjia:d jHdma; lsÍu fkdksñ

l¾;jHh'

03' uydpd¾h fla' ví,sõ' .=Kj¾Ok' ^1990&' w;S;h ms<sn| lkakka.r

o¾Ykh - hg;a úð; md,k iufha wOHdmkh" wd.u" ixialD;sh yd

iudch'

04' foaYnkaÿ fndaf.dv fm%aur;ak' ^1991&' wOHdmkh" ksoyi /l.ekSu

msKsi úh hq;= h' ksoyia wOHdmkhg kj w¾:l:khla'

05' foaYudkH" l,dlS¾;s wdpd¾h wdkkao ví,sõ' mS' .=ref.a 1992 wOHdmkh

fufyhùfï n,h( wod< nj yd ;;a;ajh flfrys we;s wdNdIh'

06' uydpd¾h Ô' t,a' mSßia' ̂ 1993&' cd;sl ixj¾Okhg mokula jQ lkakka.r

m%;sixialrK'

07' uydpd¾h ,laIauka ch;s,l' ^1994&' iajdëk;ajh Wfoid wOHdmkh -

ixj¾Okh" fm!oa.,sl ksIaGdjka yd iudc m%uqL;djka iïnkaO .eg¨'

08' uydpd¾h ví,sõ' wdßhodi o is,ajd' ^1995&' cd;sl wOHdmk l%uhla

ms<sn| ixl,am'

09' uydpd¾h pkaød .=Kj¾Ok' ̂ 1996&' Y%S ,xldfõ wOHdmkh n,jka; lsÍfï

fuj,ula o@ ke;fyd;a iudc ip,;dj ,nd .ekSfï WmlrKhla o@

10' ã' ta' fmf¾rd' ^1997&' bf.kSu yd b.ekaùu i|yd wjYH ksoyi'

11' isjkkaÈkS fodf¾idñ' ^1998&' yskaÿ iuhjd§ wOHdmkh iy wdpd¾h

lkakka.r wOHdmk o¾Ykh'

12' wdpd¾h fm%auodi Wv.u' ^2001&' hg;a úð;jdoh" f.da,ShlrKh iy

wOHdmkh'

13' uydpd¾h fÊ' î' Èidkdhl' ^2002&' uxikaêhlg t<U we;s NdIdjla(

isxy, NdIdfõ j¾;udk ;;a;ajh .ek úu¾Ykhla'

14' uydpd¾h ta' ã' ù' o tia' bkaør;ak' ^2003&' wOHdmkh iy ixj¾Okh(

iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.rhkaf.a N+ñldj'

15' iqis,a isßj¾Ok' ^2004&' Y%S ,dxlsl iudch yd rdcH m%;sks¾udKhg

lkakka.r odhdoh iïm;la yd mdGhla jYfhka'

16' weï' iS' mdkaÜ' ^2005&' újD; mdi,a wOHdmk ixl,amh mßKduh yd

Ndú;h ^bkaÈhdkq mßhdf,dalh&'

17' ckdêm;s kS;S{ tÉ' t,a' o is,ajd' ^2006&' nyq ixialD;sl iudchla ;=<

Y%S ,dxlsl wkkH;djl bÈß ie,eiaula m%;sIaGdmkh lsÍu'

18' wdpd¾h' ta' Ô' yqfiaka biauhs,a' ^2007&' ckj¾. w;r wOHdmkfha

iu wjia:d iy Y%S ,xldfõ uqia,sï m%cdjf.a wOHdmkh ms<sn|

m%;HfõlaIKhla'

19' uydpd¾h kdro j¾KiQßh' ^2008&' j¾;udk ikaO¾Nh ;=< lkakka.r

Wreuh( Wiia wOHdmkh ms<sn| rdcH N+ñldj'

20' uydpd¾h ldf,da f*dkafiald' ^2009&' lkakka.r wOHdmk

m%;sixialrKj, fkdksñ l¾;jH mQ¾Kh lsÍu'

21' uydpd¾h .dñKS iurkdhl' ^2010&' Y%S ,xld úYajúoHd, wOHdmkfha

.eg¨ yd wNsfhda. ms<sn| iuia;djf,dalkhla'

22' uydpd¾h ta' ù' iqrùr' ^2011&' wdpd¾h lkakka.r ksoyia wOHdmk

fhdackd yd áhqIka jHdmdrfha mYapd;ald,Sk jHdma;sh'

23' wdpd¾h' Ô' î' .=Kj¾Ok' ̂2012&' lkakka.r ±lau( wOHdmk m%;sixialrK

wNsfhda.'

24' uydpd¾h ta' fla' ví,sõ' chj¾Ok' ^2013&' wOHdmk m%;sixialrKj,ska

±kqu flakaøSh jQ mqrjeis .=Kdx. imsreKq wOHdmkhla lrd'

25' wd¾' tia' ueo.u' ̂2014&' mYapd;a lkakka.r hq.fha wOHdmk m%;sixialrK

ms<sn| iudf,dapkhla'

26' uydpd¾h tia' ikaorfia.rï' ^2015&' lkakka.r m%;sixialrK yd Wod

jk Y%S ,dxlsl ±kqï wd¾Ólh'

27' wdpd¾h Wmd,s tï' fiaor' ^2016&' lkakka.r hq.fhka Tíng( 21 jeks

ishji ioyd wOHdmk m%;sixialrK'

28' fcHIaG uydpd¾h iqÔj wurfiak ^2017&' ffjoH wOHdmkh iy

lkakka.r o¾Ykh'

29' wdpd¾h iqfka;%d lreKdr;ak ^2018&' iudk;djg tfrysj iu;dj