WATERWAYS AND BRIDGES IN TEXAS

“Final” Presentation by:Brandon Klenzendorf

CE 394K11-22-05

Dr. Maidment

BackgroundBackground

►TxDOT to use crash-tested bridge railsTxDOT to use crash-tested bridge rails►May impact FEMA 100-year floodplainsMay impact FEMA 100-year floodplains►Cause for map revisions – time and money!Cause for map revisions – time and money!►Need to determine how bridge rails affect water Need to determine how bridge rails affect water

surface profilessurface profiles

TxDOT Design FrequenciesTxDOT Design Frequencies

TxDOT Hydraulic Design Manual

Project PurposeProject Purpose

►In order to solve this problem, we need to In order to solve this problem, we need to predict…predict… Hydraulic impact of crash-tested bridge railsHydraulic impact of crash-tested bridge rails 100-year peak flood discharges100-year peak flood discharges

►Determine peak discharge for 100-year return Determine peak discharge for 100-year return period floodperiod flood

►Use GIS and NFF programs to gain info on Use GIS and NFF programs to gain info on flood dischargesflood discharges

GIS Data CollectionGIS Data Collection

►State of Texas HUCs from TNRISState of Texas HUCs from TNRIS http://www.tnris.state.tx.us/http://www.tnris.state.tx.us/

►Major highway network from TNRISMajor highway network from TNRIS►Major stream network from TNRISMajor stream network from TNRIS►DEMs for selected bridges from USGSDEMs for selected bridges from USGS

http://seamless.usgs.gov/http://seamless.usgs.gov/

11

22

33

44

55

66

77

88

99

1010

1111

ArcHydro ToolsArcHydro Tools

►DEM processingDEM processing Problems with gaps in stream layerProblems with gaps in stream layer

►Drainage line creationDrainage line creation►Batch point watershed delineationBatch point watershed delineation►Longest upstream lengthLongest upstream length►Upstream and downstream elevationsUpstream and downstream elevations

Bridge 1Bridge 1

Problems!

USGS NFF ProgramUSGS NFF Program

►National Flood Frequency ProgramNational Flood Frequency Program►Estimates the magnitude and frequency of flood Estimates the magnitude and frequency of flood

peak discharges and hydrographspeak discharges and hydrographs 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500-year frequency floods2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500-year frequency floods

►Uses Visual Basic and regression equations Uses Visual Basic and regression equations specific for each statespecific for each state

►FREE!!!FREE!!!►http://water.usgs.gov/software/nff.htmlhttp://water.usgs.gov/software/nff.html

NFF Program ParametersNFF Program Parameters

►Drainage Area (A) – area (miDrainage Area (A) – area (mi22) contributing to ) contributing to flow at the bridgeflow at the bridge

►Shape Factor (SH) – ratio of stream length Shape Factor (SH) – ratio of stream length squared (misquared (mi22) to drainage area (mi) to drainage area (mi22)) Represents stream length to average widthRepresents stream length to average width

►Stream Slope (SL) – change in elevation (ft) Stream Slope (SL) – change in elevation (ft) divided by steam length (mi)divided by steam length (mi)

Hydrologic RegionsHydrologic Regions

► Determined based on Determined based on physiography and physiography and climatic conditionsclimatic conditions

► Each hydrologic region Each hydrologic region has range of applicable has range of applicable parametersparameters

► Hydrologic Region 1 - Hydrologic Region 1 - QQ100100=371A=371A0.8470.847SHSH-0.307-0.307

Determined NFF ParametersDetermined NFF ParametersHydrologic Hydrologic

RegionRegionAreaArea

(mi(mi22))

UpstreamUpstream

Length (mi)Length (mi)

SlopeSlope

(ft/mi)(ft/mi)

Shape Shape FactorFactor

LatitudeLatitude

(DD)(DD)

LongitudeLongitude

(DD)(DD)

R-1R-1 1120.91120.9 29.1229.12 9.859.85 0.7560.756 36.20236.202 -101.306-101.306

R-2R-2 548.4548.4 17.1617.16 37.6237.62 0.5370.537 31.87831.878 -103.947-103.947

R-3R-3 3408.13408.1 45.5345.53 13.2413.24 0.6080.608 34.09034.090 -99.730-99.730

R-4R-4 2098.02098.0 40.1940.19 7.777.77 0.7700.770 32.39932.399 -100.894-100.894

R-5R-5 1447.01447.0 43.0443.04 11.6611.66 1.2801.280 29.51429.514 -97.494-97.494

R-6R-6 489.2489.2 27.96627.966 -98.973-98.973

R-7R-7 1917.41917.4 33.07233.072 -97.532-97.532

R-8R-8 2590.92590.9 31.43531.435 -97.759-97.759

R-9R-9 571.0571.0 28.70328.703 -97.047-97.047

R-10R-10 991.2991.2 32.77732.777 -95.798-95.798

R-11R-11 923.2923.2 30.39630.396 -94.255-94.255

NFF InterfaceNFF Interface

Flood Region MapFlood Region Map

NFF ResultsNFF Results

► 100-year hydrograph for 100-year hydrograph for five bridgesfive bridges

► Bridge 5 has largest Bridge 5 has largest peak, but third largest peak, but third largest areaarea

► Bridge 3 has second Bridge 3 has second lowest peak, but largest lowest peak, but largest areaarea

1

2

3

4

5

Completed WorkCompleted Work

►Geodatabase of Texas rivers, Geodatabase of Texas rivers, highways, and HUCshighways, and HUCs

►ArcHydro tools for all bridgesArcHydro tools for all bridges►Batch point watershed delineation for Batch point watershed delineation for

all bridgesall bridges►Partial completion of longest stream Partial completion of longest stream

lengthlength►Partial completion of NFF analysisPartial completion of NFF analysis

Future WorkFuture Work

►Longest stream lengths for remaining Longest stream lengths for remaining Hydrologic RegionsHydrologic Regions

►NFF analysis for all bridgesNFF analysis for all bridges►Comparison of resultsComparison of results►Analyze errors in DEMs, HUCs, and bridge Analyze errors in DEMs, HUCs, and bridge

locationslocations►Write final reportWrite final report

QuestionsQuestions

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