waterlife annotated

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Great Lakes Water Life Dr. Rochelle Sturtevant NOAA Great Lakes Sea Grant Network Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory October 20, 2008

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Timed presentation on Great Lakes Waterlife. I have permission to use all the images on the Waterlife PhotoGallery and in educational materials associated with the gallery (which this is). I've let loop in the background as an eye-catcher or used as a presentation for 5th graders.

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Page 1: Waterlife Annotated

Great Lakes Water Life

Dr. Rochelle Sturtevant

NOAA

Great Lakes Sea Grant Network

Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory

October 20, 2008

Page 2: Waterlife Annotated

Ecosystem:

The community of living organisms and their non-living environment

Meet some of the players…

Page 3: Waterlife Annotated

…the non-living parts

•Water

•Minerals/nutrients

•Sunlight

•Water

•Minerals/nutrients

•Sunlight

Page 4: Waterlife Annotated

Macrophytes (water plants)

Page 5: Waterlife Annotated

A quick look at some macrophytes

Page 6: Waterlife Annotated

Algae

Page 7: Waterlife Annotated
Page 8: Waterlife Annotated

Diatoms

Page 9: Waterlife Annotated

Green Algae

Page 10: Waterlife Annotated

Blue-Green Algae

Page 11: Waterlife Annotated

Higher levels of the food web all get their energy by eating plants (herbivores) or each other (carnivores) or dead stuff (detritivores)

Let’s start with the largest and work our

way down

Page 12: Waterlife Annotated

Lake Sturgeon(to 6 foot)

Page 13: Waterlife Annotated

Paddlefish(to 4 and a half foot)

EXTIRPATED FROM GREAT LAKES!!

Page 14: Waterlife Annotated

Muskellunge(Record >5 foot)

Northern Pike(to 4 foot)

Page 15: Waterlife Annotated

Exotic Salmon

Chinook salmon(to 3 and a half foot)

Steelhead trout (to 3 foot)

Sockeye salmon(to 18 inches)

Pink salmon (to 4 foot)

Coho salmon(to 3 and 1/2 foot)

Page 16: Waterlife Annotated

Lake trout(to 2 and a half foot)

Page 17: Waterlife Annotated

Flathead catfish (to 3 foot)

Page 18: Waterlife Annotated

Sea lamprey (to 3 foot)

INVASIVE!!

Page 19: Waterlife Annotated

Native lamprey(to 12 inches)

American Brook

ChestnutNorthern brook

Silver

Page 20: Waterlife Annotated

Lake Whitefish(to 2 foot)

Page 21: Waterlife Annotated

Burbot (to 2 and a half foot)

Bowfin (to 3 foot)

American eel(females to 5 foot)

(males to 1 and a half foot)

Page 22: Waterlife Annotated

Walleye(to 2 foot … record 33 inches)

Page 23: Waterlife Annotated

Black crappie(to 16 inches)

Largemouth bass(to 2 foot)

Smallmouth bass(to 2 foot)

White crappie(to 16 inches)

Page 24: Waterlife Annotated

Suckers(most to 2 foot)

Bigmouth buffalo

Greater redhorse

Northern hogsucker

Quillback

Page 25: Waterlife Annotated

Mudpuppy

Page 26: Waterlife Annotated

Let’s Magnify! (x5)

5 foot => 1 foot

Page 27: Waterlife Annotated

Alewive(~ 10 inches)

EXOTIC!

Page 28: Waterlife Annotated

(10 inches)

Extinct!

Page 29: Waterlife Annotated

Yellow perch(to 1 foot)

Page 30: Waterlife Annotated

Round goby

Exotic!

Page 31: Waterlife Annotated

Brook stickleback(to 3 inches)

Threespine stickleback(to 4 inches)

Deepwater sculpin(to 6 inches)

Slimy sculpin(to 4 inches)

Troutperch(to 5 inches)

Page 32: Waterlife Annotated

Darters(most to 3 inches)

Greenside darter

Rainbow darter

Iowa darter

Channel darter

Logperch

Orange-throat darter

Page 33: Waterlife Annotated

Brassy minnow

Common shiner

Minnows

Spottail shiner

Emerald shiner

Northern redbelly dace

Bullhead minnow

Pirate perch

Redside dace

Page 34: Waterlife Annotated

Northern crayfish

Rusty crayfish

Exotic!

Page 35: Waterlife Annotated

Bryozoans

Pectinella magnifica can exceed 2 feet in diameter, though most bryozoans are under 1 foot

Page 36: Waterlife Annotated

Typically a few inches in size,

freshwater sponge colonies

can reach more than 1 foot

Page 37: Waterlife Annotated

Native Unionid Clams

Mapleleaf

Fawnsfoot

Rainbow shell

Round pigtoe

Black sandshell

Page 38: Waterlife Annotated

Let’s Magnify! (x5)

1 foot => 2 inches

Page 39: Waterlife Annotated

Zebra mussel(1 and a half inches)

Exotic!!

Page 40: Waterlife Annotated

Quagga mussel(1 and a half inches)

Exotic!!

Page 41: Waterlife Annotated

Asian Clam(to 2 inches)

Exotic!!

Page 42: Waterlife Annotated

Fingernail clamsto 1 inch

Page 43: Waterlife Annotated

Chinese Mystery

Snail(Exotic)

Page 44: Waterlife Annotated

Sharphorn snail

Native Snails

Brown mystery snail

Big-eared radix

Physids

3-ridge valve snail

Storm hydrolabe

Creeping freshwater limpet

Buffalo pebblesnail

Page 45: Waterlife Annotated

Malacostrans (shrimp and scuds)

Diporeia

Hyalella

Echinogammarus

Gammarus

Bloody-red shrimp

Exotic!

Page 46: Waterlife Annotated

Bryozoans

Lophodella carteri

closeup

Page 47: Waterlife Annotated

Mayflies

Adult

Nymph

Page 48: Waterlife Annotated

Dragonflies and

DamselfliesAdult

More than 230

species in the Great

Lakes region

Nymphs

Page 49: Waterlife Annotated

Stoneflies

Adult

Nymph

Page 50: Waterlife Annotated

Caddisflies

Adult

Larvae

Page 51: Waterlife Annotated

Alderflies and spongilliflies

Adult

Larvae

Page 52: Waterlife Annotated

Flies, midges and mosquitos

Adult

Larvae

Page 53: Waterlife Annotated

Beetles

Adult

Larvae

Page 54: Waterlife Annotated

Waterbugs

Adult water boatman

Water strider nymphs

Page 55: Waterlife Annotated

Dagger and snout moths

Larvae in a reed stem

Adult

Page 56: Waterlife Annotated

Braconid wasps

Adult

Larvae feeding on a caterpillar

Page 57: Waterlife Annotated

LeechPolychaete

Oligochaete

Roundworm

Ribbon wormFlatwormHorsehair worm

Page 58: Waterlife Annotated

Let’s magnify! (x5)

2 inches =>0.4 inches (1 centimeter)

Page 59: Waterlife Annotated

Leptodora

Page 60: Waterlife Annotated

Spiny waterflea

Exotic!

Page 61: Waterlife Annotated

Fishhook waterflea

Exotic!

Page 62: Waterlife Annotated

Daphnia galeata

Daphnia lumholtzi

Exotic!

Daphnia pulex

Large Waterfleas

Simocephalus serrulatus

Page 63: Waterlife Annotated
Page 64: Waterlife Annotated

Let’s magnify! (x5)

1 centimeter => 2 mm

Page 65: Waterlife Annotated

Copepods (Oarsmen)

CalanoidGrazersCyclopoid

Predators HarpacticoidBenthic

NaupliiJuvenile

Page 66: Waterlife Annotated

Resting Egg and Juvenile Waterflea

Resting eggs can survive decades, even centuries until conditions are right for hatching!

Page 67: Waterlife Annotated

Small waterfleas

Page 68: Waterlife Annotated

Tardigrades (waterbears)

Tardigrades can spread a 18 month lifespan (not counting ‘hibernation’) over 60 years!

Page 69: Waterlife Annotated

Let’s magnify! (x5)

2 mm=>0.4mm (400 microns)

Page 70: Waterlife Annotated

Rotifers

Page 71: Waterlife Annotated

Soft-bodied rotifers

Page 72: Waterlife Annotated

Gastrotrichs

Page 73: Waterlife Annotated

Let’s magnify! (x5)

400 microns => 80 microns

Page 74: Waterlife Annotated

Ciliates

Codonella

Page 75: Waterlife Annotated

Vorticella

Page 76: Waterlife Annotated

Stylonichia

Page 77: Waterlife Annotated

StrombilidiumThe fastest animal on earth?

Page 78: Waterlife Annotated

Heliozoa (sun animals)

Page 79: Waterlife Annotated

Amoeba

Can you see the diatoms it has eaten?

Page 80: Waterlife Annotated

Difflugia

Page 81: Waterlife Annotated

Testate amoeba (peeking out of its shell)

Page 82: Waterlife Annotated

Flagellates

Salpingoeca sp. attached to a diatom

Page 83: Waterlife Annotated

ProtozoaPhotosynthetic Flagellates

Lepocinclis

Page 84: Waterlife Annotated

Algae, Nanoplankton, Picoplankton, Bacteria and Viruses

Spring viremia of carp virus

Bacteria – 1 microns

Aphanizomenon, a blue-green

algae

Aphanocapsa

Page 85: Waterlife Annotated

Great Lakes Waterlife

The Great Lakes are home to:

• More than 190 species of fish

• More than 100 species of clams & snails

• More than 200 genera of insects

• More than 60 genera of ‘worms’

• About 100 species of macrozooplankton

• About 275 species of rotifers

• More than 350 genera of algae

Page 86: Waterlife Annotated

Learn More:

http://www.glerl.noaa.gov/seagrant/GLWL/GLWLife.html