water project - eca

8/3/2019 Water Project - Eca

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The Location: Chinese Gardens

Google map, picture, sampling points


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{{The sketchThe sketchof how theof how the

samplingsampling

points arepoints areplaced.placed.

Overall MapOverall Map


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Pictures of sampling points

..more than 1 slide


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{{SamplingSampling

point One.point One.

Koi PondKoi Pond


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{{SamplingSampling

PointPoint

ThreeThree

Water PointWater Point


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{{SamplingSampling

Point FourPoint Four

Discharge From TurtleDischarge From Turtle

PondPond


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{{ SamplingSamplingPoint FivePoint Five

Main PondMain Pond


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{{

Sampling point 5.Sampling point 5.

NicksonNickson andand

minh went downminh went downto do the handsto do the hands

on work.on work.

As you can seeAs you can seethe water is prettythe water is pretty

green.green.

Collection of waterCollection of water


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{{

The water isThe water is

green due togreen due to

suspended solidssuspended solids

found in thefound in the

water.water.

Minh attemptingMinh attemptingto collect the firstto collect the first

beaker of water.beaker of water.

View of the samplingView of the samplingpoint.point.


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{{

NicksonNickson attemptattempt

to collect theto collect the

beaker of water.beaker of water.

The run off intoThe run off into

the small stream.the small stream.

Sediments settleSediments settledown at the edgedown at the edge

of the stream.of the stream.


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{{

NicksonNickson andand

Minh workingMinh workingtogether to filltogether to fill

out bottle fullout bottle full

of greenishof greenish

dirty waterdirty waterwhich stinks awhich stinks a

lot.lot.


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{{Collecting water from theCollecting water from the

point source. So that thepoint source. So that the

water will be morewater will be more

accurate.accurate.

The grass is so slippery.The grass is so slippery.


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{{

The guysThe guys

workingworkingtogether totogether to

give us thegive us the

BESTBESTsamplingsampling

water.water.


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{{

The water runThe water run

off from theoff from theground andground and

into theinto the

stream. Runstream. Run

off is beingoff is beingwashed intowashed into

the water.the water.

SurroundingsSurroundings


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{{


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{{

Our two guysOur two guys

Theyre the hands ofTheyre the hands of

the group!the group!

Doing all the manualDoing all the manual

jobs.jobs.

(good thing about(good thing about

being a girl)being a girl)

NicksonNickson had thehad the

most sacrifice; hemost sacrifice; he

even torn his pantseven torn his pants

while collecting.while collecting.


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Parameters Methods used Equipment used

Hardness EDTA titrimetric

method/Indicator:

Eriochrome Black T

Conductivity, salinity,

TDS

Conductivity meter

BOD Standard dilution method Dilution water and an

extra BOD bottle

(BLANK)

COD Dichromate reflux

methodTSS Gravimetric method Oven, Filter paper,

Weighing machine

Colour Colorimetric method Colorimeter


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{{

Our water hadOur water had

too muchtoo muchcollect until thecollect until themachinemachinecouldnt givecouldnt giveus a value.us a value.

We had toWe had todilute it.dilute it.

Color meterColor meter


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{{

Measuring theMeasuring the

salinity and thesalinity and the

total dissolvedtotal dissolved

solids found insolids found in

the sample.the sample.

The temperatureThe temperature

of the water isof the water is

being measuredbeing measuredtoo.too.

The pH is alsoThe pH is also

being measured.being measured.

pH, Salinity, Total DissolvedpH, Salinity, Total Dissolved

Solids,TemperatureSolids,Temperature


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{{Finding theFinding thevalue forvalue for

dissolveddissolved

oxygen.oxygen.

Dissolved OxygenDissolved Oxygen


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TDS & Conductivity

Correlation

TDS vs Conductivity

TDS, Ions, Conductivity

Comparison

TDS values range between

50+ to ~ 200 mg/L SP 3 has the least TDS,

possibly due to dilution byrainwater outside andfountain resulting inturbulence and clearing outof the sediments.

SP4 has the highest TDS,possibly due to fertilizerrunoff from the surroundinggarden and soil

Comparison

Correlation

y = 0.7694x - 34.438

R = 0.9384

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

TDS,mg/L

Conductivity, S/cm

TDS vs Conductivity

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1 2 3 4 5

Comparison of TDS and Conductivity

Values

Conductivity, S/cm TDS, mg/L or g/L


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Colour vs TDS

Correlation

Colour vs TDS

TDS Undesirable colour Quality of water

Comparison

TDS values range between 50+

to ~ 200 mg/L SP 3 has the least TDS, possibly

due to dilution by rainwateroutside and fountain resultingin turbulence and clearing outof the sediments.

SP4 has the highest TDS,

possibly due to fertilizer runofffrom the surrounding gardenand soil

Drop in TDS and Colour valuesat SP 5 is due to dilution of TDSby water in the big pond.

Comparison

Correlation


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Turbidity vs TSS

Correlation

Turbidity vs TSS

TSS, Turbidity

Comparison

TSS values range between 0

and 92 mg/L SP 1 has the lowest values of

TSS and turbidity because ofdilution by rainwater runofffrom the rooftop, resulting inturbulence and clearing outof the sediments.

SP 4 has the highest TSS andturbidity due to wastesdischarged from turtle pond.

Drop in TSS and turbidityvalues at SP 5 is due todilution of TSS by water in

the big pond.

Comparison

Correlation

PO4, g/L

E\E\E\y = 2.6198x + 60.289

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Turbidity,NTU

TSS, mg/L

Turbidity vs TSS

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1 2 3 4 5

Comparison of TSS and Turbidity values

TSS, mg/L

Turbidity, NTU


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Colour vs TSS

Correlation

Colour vs TSS TSS, Colour

Comparison

Colour values range between12 and 776 Hazen

SP 1 has the lowest values ofTSS and Colour because ofdilution by rainwater runofffrom the rooftop, resulting inturbulence and clearing outof the sediments.

SP 4 has the highest TSS andColour due to wastesdischarged from turtle pondand oil on its surface.

Comparison

Correlation

y = 6.1854x + 231.64

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Colour,Hazen

TSS, mg/L

Colour vs TSS

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1 2 3 4 5

Comparison of TSS and Colour values

TSS, mg/L

Colour, Hazen


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Water discharged from the drain

(Sickly green colour due to development ofAnaerobic bacteria caused by eutrophication

Water along the fence

(Black colour)

It may be discharged from turtle pond

containing fertilizer and plant nutrients

Oil on surface of water contribute to

COD and depletion of DO


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DO vs Nitrate-N

Correlation

DO vs Nitrate-N

Nitrate-N Eutrophication (growth of algae When algaedie, decomposition byaerobic bacteria) DO

Comparison

DO 0.12 13.15 mg/L

SP 4 has the least DO and thehighest Nitrate-N, possibly dueto sewage discharged fromturtle pond, which containsmany nutrients such as Nitrate-

N and PO4. High Nitrate-N + oilon surface of water depletionof DO

SP 1 has the least Nitrate-N,possibly due to dilution byrainwater runoff from rooftop.

Comparison

Correlation

y = 22.183e-0.175x

0

2

4

6

8

1012

14

16

0 5 10 15 20 25

DO,mg/L

Nitrate-N, mg/L

DO vs Nitrate-N

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5

Comparison of DO and Nitrate-N values

Nitrate-N, mg/L Dissolved Oxygen, mg/L


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BOD vs DO

Correlation

BOD vs DO

No clear correlation

Comparison

DO 0.12 13.15 mg/L

SP 2 has the highest BOD and

DO the most biodegradablepollutants and the mosthealthy environment. This isdue to the food, turtle wastes,and fertilizers arebiodegradable.

SP 1 has the least BOD,

possibly due to dilution ofbiodegradable pollutants byrainwater from rooftop.

Comparison

Correlation


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BOD vs COD

Correlation

BOD vs COD

No clear correlation BOD < COD values

Comparison

BOD 3.16 13.5 mg/L

COD


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Hardness vs COD

Correlation

Hardness vs COD

No clear correlation

metal usually contribute tohardness while pollutantsobtained are organic matter

Comparison

Hardness Titre values rangebetween 16 and 114

SP 5 has the least hardness,possibly due to dilution bywater in the big pond.

SP 4 has the highest hardness,possibly due to wastes anddissolved and suspended solidsfrom turtle pond accumulatedin drainage.

Comparison

Correlation

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

HardnessTitreValue

*50

COD, mg/L

Hardness vs COD

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1 2 3 4 5

Comparison of COD and hardness values

COD, mg/L Hardness Titre Value *50


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Conclusions

water project - eca

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