WATER POLLUTION AND CHALLENGES

PRESENTATION – 4 JUNE 2008

WATER SERVICES DEPARTMENT

WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WSDPWSDP

The WSDP mentions the following water quality problems:– Umfolozi Catchment

Pollution from sewage plants into the Klipfontein Dam creating eutrophication problems and toxic blooms. No funds to properly correct this problem.

Coal mining has negative impact on WQ in upper reaches Pollution from agriculture and humans leading to high ammonia, nitrate

and phosphate levels– Mkuze/Hluhluwe Catchments

Sedimentation rates high Coal mining has negative impact on WQ in upper reaches The coastal aquifer is susceptible to contamination due to high

permeability of sands High salinity in lower Mkhuze catchment

– Pongola Catchment Saline and nutrient enriched return flows from irrigation Groundwater can be saline on the Makhatini Flats

WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WSDPWSDP

Way to address these issues:– Non point source pollution must be assessed and

strategies developed to curb this. This requires national, WMA, and catchment level approaches to over irrigation and excessive fertilisation

– Mine licensing, operations and closure policies need to be considered and managed. Staff and resources need to be allocated to achieve this

– Proper supervision of borehole drilling will greatly reduce the chances of saline water being encountered and will improve the borehole developments

CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED

The large backlog in water and sanitation services– This leads to people still being reliable on untreated surface

water sources and in some cases even shallow wells in the Umhlabuyalingana LM

– These water sources are prone to faecal contamination The shortage of funding to implement projects The vast area of the District Municipality

– This leads to high implementation costs and logistical problems A shortage of sustainable raw water sources Extended drought conditions experienced in the district Skills shortages

WATER QUALITY AREAS OF CONCERNWATER QUALITY AREAS OF CONCERN• Due to some areas reliance on untreated surface water the DM has

always had a high risk of cholera outbreaks in times of flooding– This is being addressed by addressing the backlog in water

services as shown in previous slides Mtubatuba Water Treatment Works is under capacitated and has to

deal with high levels of manganese– This is being addressed by sourcing funding from the DBSA for an upgrade

of the system

Hand dug wells in the Manguzi area in the sandy conditions that become contaminated from Pit Latrines nearby– This is being addressed by the Kwangwanase and Enkanyezini and other

large CWSS

High levels of iron in boreholes in Manguzi Area– These boreholes are going to be used for the Kwangwanase CWSS and will

be pumped to a specially designed Water Treatment Works

Relationships Between Role-playersRelationships Between Role-playersDWAF National is working with DM on the

Water Conservation and Demand Management Project

DWAF Province is running training workshops with the DM on water quality management and reporting

We are currently establishing an M&E Unit through a DWAF initiated project

Awareness ProgrammesAwareness ProgrammesProgrammes with the Dept of Health are

undertaken throughout the district that address the following:– User education for VIP’s– Education on washing hands (local wash campaigns)– Water conservation and demand management (incl.

Water quality)– PHAST

Monthly community meetings with stakeholders

Monthly Reports to DWAFMonthly Reports to DWAFMunicipality Jozini Municipality  

Sample Point Description Jozini WTW Final Makhonyeni WTW Final

Sample ID KZUMJO-001 KZUMJO-002

Sample Date 2008/01/15 2008/01/15

Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) 122.0 120.0

Calcium (aesthetic/operational) (mg/L as Ca) 18.0 18.0

Calcium Carbonate Dissolution Potential (mg/L as CaCO3) c c

Electrical Conductivity (aesthetic) (mS/m) 30.0 31.0

Faecal Coliforms (health) (count per 100 mL) 0.0 0.0

Free Chlorine Residual (operational) (mg/L) 1.5 1.6

Iron (aesthetic/operational) (mg/L as Fe) 0.1 0.2

Fluoride (health) (mg/L as F-) 0.3 0.4

Calcium Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 46 44

Magnesium Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 62 70

Total Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 108 114

Heterotrophic Plate Count (operational) (count per 1 mL) 1 1

Magnesium (aesthetic/health) (mg/L as Mg) 15 17.0

pH (aesthetic/operational) (pH units) 7.9 7.9

Total Coliforms (operational) (count per 100 mL) 0 0

Total Dissolved Solids (aesthetic) (mg/L) 192 198

Temperature (º C) c c

Turbidity (aesthetic/operational/indirect health) (NTU) 0.6 434

Most Prominent Treatment FacilitiesMost Prominent Treatment FacilitiesUmhlabuyalingana LM Manguzi WTW

Shemula WTW

Mseleni WTW

Mbazwana WTW

Jozini LM Mkuze WTW

Ubombo WTW

Makhatini Schemes

Jozini WTW

Nondabuya WTW

Big 5 False Bay LM Hluhluwe WTW

Hluhluwe Masibambane WTW

Hlabisa LM Hlabisa WTW

Nkolonkotha WTW

Mtubatuba LM Mtubatuba WTW

Funds Available for Water Quality Funds Available for Water Quality IssuesIssues

The shortage of funds is seen as the biggest restriction in addressing water quality and quantity issues

The backlog in providing potable water has the biggest negative impact on water quality issues as people are reliant on untreated raw water sources

With current cash flow projections the backlog for the Umkhanyakude DM will be addressed by the 2019/2020 financial year

This is based on current MIG cash flow allocations

Equitable Share AllocationEquitable Share Allocation

Financial Year

Equitable ShareOperational

CostsRevenue

GeneratedAmount Funded From

Equitable Share

Percent of Equitable Share Spent on Water

Operational Costs

Amount Remaining For Other DM Admin

Costs

07/08 R 68,404,000.00 R 57,000,000.00 R 28,000,000.00 R 29,000,000.00 42.40% R 39,404,000.0008/09 R 70,838,000.00 R 65,550,000.00 R 30,800,000.00 R 34,750,000.00 49.06% R 36,088,000.0009/10 R 88,586,000.00 R 75,382,500.00 R 33,880,000.00 R 41,502,500.00 46.85% R 47,083,500.0010/11 R 110,074,000.00 R 86,689,875.00 R 37,268,000.00 R 49,421,875.00 44.90% R 60,652,125.0011/12 R 126,585,100.00 R 99,693,356.25 R 40,994,800.00 R 58,698,556.25 46.37% R 67,886,543.7512/13 R 145,572,865.00 R 114,647,359.69 R 45,094,280.00 R 69,553,079.69 47.78% R 76,019,785.3113/14 R 167,408,794.75 R 131,844,463.64 R 49,603,708.00 R 82,240,755.64 49.13% R 85,168,039.1114/15 R 192,520,113.96 R 151,621,133.19 R 54,564,078.80 R 97,057,054.39 50.41% R 95,463,059.5815/16 R 221,398,131.06 R 174,364,303.16 R 60,020,486.68 R 114,343,816.48 51.65% R 107,054,314.5716/17 R 254,607,850.72 R 200,518,948.64 R 66,022,535.35 R 134,496,413.29 52.82% R 120,111,437.42

Funds Available for Water Quality Funds Available for Water Quality Issues Cont….Issues Cont….

The high operational costs of running the water treatment plants and other water related operations vs the small amount of revenue being generated means that there are few funds available to address the backlog

Technical and Scientific SkillsTechnical and Scientific Skills

An interim agreement has been in place appointing Mhlathuze Water as the WSP for the Operations and Maintenance of all schemes in the district

Linked to this Mhlathuze has been involved in the operations of the existing Water Treatment Works throughout the district

Mhlathuze has an in-house laboratoryUmkhanyakude has appointed WSSA to operate

the Mtubatuba WTW as well as other package plants in use

Assistance Provided From DeptsAssistance Provided From Depts DWAF regional works closely with the Umkhanyakude

DM with the planning and implementation of large capital projects and regional master planning

Mhlathuze Water has been involved with the O&M of schemes in the district through a partnership agreement with the DM

DPLG through the DLGTA has supported the DM with funding for programmes such as Drought Relief, Project Consolidate and Feasibility Studies for water supply schemes

The Dept of Health Environmental has been actively involved with sanitation awareness campaigns and PHAST