water management : partnership between state and community in cochabamba
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Water management : Partnership between state and community in Cochabamba. Sabine Hoffmann, PhD student at IHEID [email protected]. Plan : Water management Context History Future. [email protected]. State service Features Structural deficit (covered 87% of costs 2001) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Water management :
Partnership between state and
community in Cochabamba
Sabine Hoffmann, PhD student at IHEID
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State service
Features
• Structural deficit (covered 87% of costs 2001)
• Taken out debt (30 million US$, 2005)
• Inefficient management
• High rate of physical and commercial water loss (55 - 63 %, 2005)
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Community services
Common features
• Social unity, though with divisions
• Social organisational model based on principle of reciprocity
• Collective and individual rules
• Internal authority
• Low rate of physical and commercial water loss (5 - 10 %, 2005)
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Services étatique privé (citerne) communautaire
Nombre 1 ~ 230 ~ 200
Population [%] 48 ~ 25 ~ 21
Quantité [l/p/j] 111 33 67
Prix [US $/m3] 0.4 2.5 0.16
Number
State
dl/p/d
Price
Private (tank) community
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Taux d’espérance de vie
67 ans 47 ans
Taux de mortalité enfantine
45 décès/1000 enfants nés 145 décès
Life expectancy rate
Child mortality rate
Deaths / 1000 babies born deaths
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Causes of the ‘water war’
Law and the concession
• Exclusive right to provide service (monopoly)
• Compulsory connection to network
• No recognition of right to provide community services within a concession
• Price increases (35 - 100 %)
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Amendment of the law
The new law • Abolition of exclusive rights to provide services
(monopoly)
• Recognition of right to provide community services within a concession
Ending the concession
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State- community joint
management:
SEMAPA
• Extending main lines
• Selling water « wholesale »
Community organisations
• Installation of secondary networks
• Water management
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State- community joint management:
SEMAPA
• Credits
• Solvency and profitability
• Economic viability
• Reduction of extension and administrative costs
• Reduction of water loss
• Maximisation of earnings
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State- community joint management:
Community organisations
• Reciprocity
• Eco-sociale rationale
• Reduction price of water
• Improvement water quality
• Increase water quantity
• Reasonable demand
• Monetary and non-monetary resources