water efficient buildings
TRANSCRIPT
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Water Efficient Buildings
Wong Wai ChengManager (Water Demand Management)
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Total water consumption
58 % for domestic consumption
42 % for non domestic consumption
Water Consumption in Spore
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Why Conserve Water
Reduce Operation Cost
Contribute to National effort to Conserve Water
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WaterConservation
Strategy
PricingReflect the strategic
importance and scarcityvalue of water
Voluntary3P approachPromote ownership of
water conservation
MandatoryCut down on excessiveflow and wastage of water
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Water Tariff Structure
WCT : Water Conservation Tax - Broad-based Tax levied by the Government
Tariff
category
Domestic
Non-domestic
Consumption
block
(m3 per mth)
W.e.f. 1 July 2000
Tariff
(/m3)
WCT
(%)
1 to 40
Above 40
All units 117
140
117 30
45
30
Pricing
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Mandatory
Since 1983
Self-Closing Delayed-ActionTaps
(non domestic premises including
common amenities ofcondominiums)
Constant Flow Regulators
(all premises)
Since 1997Low Capacity Flushing Cistern
9 litre flushing cistern 4.5 litre flushing cistern
Installation of Water Saving Devices
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Reduction of Max Allowable Flow-rates
Area of Usage
Maximum Allowable
Flowrate
(litres/min)
Water Efficient Flow
Rate
(litres/min)
Remarks
New
Basin Tap & Self
Closing Delayed
Action Basin Tap
62 (toilets)
4 (others)
For self closing
delayed action basin
taps, timing shall
remain at between 2
and 3 sec
Sink / Kitchen Tap and
Wash Area8 6
Shower Tap & Self-
Closing DelayedAction Shower Tap
9*
12 (hotels)7
For self closing
delayed action
shower tap, timingshall remain at
between 13 and 15
sec
Other Areas 8 6
Mandatory
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Voluntary
Water Efficient Buildings (WEB)
Reviewwater usage pattern/habits
Reducewater usage, keep to efficientflow rates/flush volume. Recycle/reusewherepossible
Repair leaking fittings promptly to avoidwater wastage
More than 900 buildings/premisescertified as WEB
Encourage building owner / managementagent to take ownership
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Website PortalWater Volunteer
Groups (WVGs)
Mandatory
Installation of
Dual Flush
LCFCs
WaterEfficiency
Labeling
Scheme
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Water Efficiency Labelling Scheme
(WELS)
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WATER EFFICIENCY LABELLING SCHEME
(WELS)
A voluntary labelling scheme dedicatedto promoting Water Efficient Products
Jointly administered by the Singapore
Environment Council (SEC) & PUB
Launched on 31st Oct 2006
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WATER EFFICIENCY LABELLING SCHEME
(WELS)
Objectives Facilitate consumer to make informed choice
when purchasing products
Increase public awareness on water conservation
Encourage manufacturers/importers to bring in
more water efficient products
Promote water efficient building design
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The Water Efficiency Label comprises:
the title Water Efficiency
ticks that indicate water efficiency of the labelled products (the
more ticks, the more water efficient is the product)
the water efficiency rating in words:
Good (for products with 1 tick)Very Good (for products with 2 ticks)
Excellent (for products with 3 ticks)
Water Consumption
Type of Product Brand
Model
Serial No.
WATER EFFICIENCY LABELLING SCHEME
(WELS)
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Water Efficiency Labelling Scheme
Products
Shower Head Dual Flush Cistern
Washing Machine Basin/ Sink Tap
3-tier Rating System
Excellent
Very Good
Good
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Criteria For Water Efficiency Labelling Scheme (WELS)
FITTINGS MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE GOOD
RATING
VERY GOOD
RATING
EXCELLENT
RATING
Shower Taps, Mixers &
Showerheads
(L/min)
9 >7 to 9 >5 to 7 5 or less
Basin Taps & Mixers
(L/min)6 >4 to 6 >2 to 4 2 or less
Sink/Bib Taps (L/min) 8 >6 to 8 >4 to 6 4 or less
Flushing Cisterns Dual
Flush Type (L/flush)
4.5 (full flush)
3.0 (low flush)
>4.0 - 4.5
(full flush)
> 2.5 -3.0
(low flush)
>3.5 to 4.0
(full flush)
> 2.5 3.0
(low flush)
3.5 or less (1)
(full flush)
2.5 or less
(low flush)
Urinals & Urinal Flush
Valve
(L/flush)
1.5 > 1.0 to 1.5 > 0.5 to 1.0
0.5 or less (2)
Or waterless
urinals
Washing Machine
(L/Kg)15 > 12 -15 > 9 -12 9 or less
(1) To pass laboratory simulation test on waste transportation efficiency in pipe.
(2) To pass dilution test
WELS WEBSITE
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WELS WEBSITE
www.sec.org.sg/wels.
INCORPORATE WATER EFFICIENT
http://www.sec.org.sg/welshttp://www.sec.org.sg/wels -
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INCORPORATE WATER EFFICIENTLABELLED PRODUCTS IN BUILDINGS
WELS is incorporated under BCAs Green Mark criteria for
new buildings air con and residential buildings. BCAs Green Mark for Schools will be announced soon
Encourage developers, govt agencies as well as professionals
to incorporate this scheme in their developments/buildings
design specification
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Green Mark for Air Con Buildings
- Water Efficiency Criteria
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Green Mark for Residential Buildings
- Water Efficiency Criteria
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Water Efficient Building Design
(1) Submetering
(2) Installation of Pressure Reducing Valves
(3) Install Water Saving Devices/ use of Water
Efficient Labelled Products
(4) Water Substitution / Recycling of used water
(5) Water Efficient Landscaping
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Monitor water usage - Key element
Sub-meters should be installed
Installation of submeters/private meters on all
major water systems, such as cooling tower,
irrigation, hot water devices, etc.\
Know how water is used
Identification of leak areas quickly
Shall be accessible for meter
readings and maintenance
(1) Submetering
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Residential
Units
Irrigation
Swimming
Pool
Public Toilets
Water Tank
m
m
m
m
Sub
meters
Bulk Meter
Water Tank
m
m
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Maintenance officers are encouraged to take
water meter readings regularly
(daily/weekly/fortnightly) Monitor the water consumption on a plotted
graph
Any sudden increase may indicate a leak in the
system Investigate immediately
Take prompt action to repair leaks, if any
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main and sub-meters should be linked to a building
management system (BMS)
water usage trends can be recorded
Alarm activated if there is a sudden increase in water
consumption or a new trend in water consumption as
this will indicate the possibility of a water leakage
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(2) Pressure Reducing Valves
Install Pressure reducing valves at every floor to
maintain the water pressure of the water supply to
every dwelling unit at 1.5 bar
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(3) Water Saving Devices/ Use of Water
Efficient Labelled products
- Use Water Efficient Labelled products
with Excellent rating
- Install water saving devices
Basin Taps : thimbles or CFRs
Flushing cistern : use dual flush low capacity
flushing cistern
: cistern water saving bags for
9 litre flushing cistern
Urinals : reduce flush volumes or use waterless urinals
Low Flow Showerheads
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Encourage substitution with
NEWater for non potable use eg.Air con cooling towers, process
use, etc.
Encourage recycling of processwater or used water
Cheaper
(4) Water Substitution/Recycling
Water Substitution (NEWater)
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Water Substitution (NEWater)
Seletar5 mgd
2004
Kranji9 mgd
Jan 2003
Bedok6 mgd
Jan 2003
NEWater pipeline
NEWater Plant
Service Reservoir
Legend
Ulu Pandan
25 mgdEarly 2007
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Water Efficient Plants
- Use drought resistant plants or plants that fit naturallyinto the existing climatic conditions
- Limit amount of turf area , turf grasses need a lot of water
and require continual upkeep
- Group plants by their water needs such as plants that
need high, moderate or little to no irrigation.
(5)Water Efficient Landscaping
Draught resistant plants Limit turf Area
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Water Efficient Irrigation Systems
-Drip irrigation uses 30% to 50% less water than sprinkler
irrigation
- Drip irrigation applies water slowly and directly to the rootsof plants. Hence, evaporation and runoff is minimized
- Adopt flexible irrigation schedule to save water by adjusting
to changing weather conditions
- Recycled water should be used- Potable water is only permitted for system to be turned on
manually and turned off automatically
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Rainwater Collection
16 Mar 2004
non-potable usage
(irrigation, washing, toiletflushing, etc)
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Thank You
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Urinals
recommended flush volume for standard
size urinal (300mm width) is 0.5 litresper flush
Waterless Urinals :
Eliminate the use of water in flushing- save water
Low installation cost as water connection
and flush valve are not needed
Proper maintenance is crucial to ensure
the waterless urinal do not cause
unpleasant smells.
Shower Taps & Low Flow Showerheads
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Shower Taps & Low Flow Showerheads
< 5 L/min
The flow rate should not exceed 7 litre/min
Install Low Flow Showerheads with less than 5 litre/min
Washbasin Taps
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Washbasin Taps
6 l/min
(Turbulence)
2 l/min
(Laminar)2 l/min with Thimble
(Spray)
Or
2 l/min CFR
For sensor taps with 2 litre/min flow rate, cut
off supply when hand is removed from basin or
preset timing of not more than 60 secs is
reached,whichever is earlier.
Before insallation of
thimble or CFRAfter insallation of
thimble (3.8 L/min)
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Cistern Water Saving Bag for9 litre Flushing cistern
Dual Flush Low Capacity
Flushing Cistern
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Take Water Meter Readings Regularly
2005 Monthly Water
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500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
JAN FEB M AR APR M AY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Months (2005)
Consumption(m3)
2005 Monthly Water
Consumption