water efficiency2

8/7/2019 WATER EFFICIENCY2

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WATER EFFICIENCY



CONTENTS :-

Introduction

Water consumption

pattern in building

Primary water usepurposes in buildings



(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) LEED goals are

organized into six categories:

Sustainable Sites

Water EfficiencyEnergy and Atmosphere

Materials and Resour ces

Indoor Environmental Quality

Innovation and Design Process

There are f ew things we take f or granted as much as our ability to turn

on the tap and get water in seeming less endless supply. Even during

droughts, and in spite of ubiquitous advertising about shortages and

conservation, most of us treat this precious resour ce as a given.

INTRODUCTION



Water consumption pattern in building:

± Reduce

± Reuse

± Recharge

Primary water use purposes inbuildings

Toilets

Showers

Wash basins

Kitchens

La

undry Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

(HVAC) systems

Landscaping.



Reduce

Use low impact development principles.

± Use rainwater cisterns, vegetated swales and

depressions to reduce r unoff . ± Reduce the amount of impervious site area.

± Filter sur f ace r unoff .

± Use pervious paving materials.

Use Integrated Pest Management to reduce water pollution f rom pesticides.

Consider incorporating green roof s into the project where f easible.

Follow EPA's Green Inf rastr ucture policy f or managing stormwater.



Water eff icient f ixtures

Save yourself money and reduce water wastage by

f itting this simple but ingenious device, designed to

divert your used water f rom the shower/bath to your

rain butt f or later use in your garden.

This simple device is controlled f rom ground level by

pull cords. Easily f itted to existing pipe work, the

Bath Water Diverter comes with full f itting kit and

instr uctions.Please note: Recommended f or exposed pipework.



Reuse

REED bed treatment

Sewage eff luent



REED bed treatment

Details are shown of some examples of varying types of Reed Bed

Sewage Treatment Systems, which off er an eff ective f orm of treatment,

and in future years reduced maintenance costs.

Verti

cal

and

Horizontal

Reed

Bed

System

(f or

f lat

or

sloping

site)

Horizontal Bed System (f or f lat or sloping site)

Sewage Treatment Works with a Tertiary Reed Bed (f or a sloping site)



Vertical and Horizontal Beds System

Sloping Site

Key

A Existing Septic Tank

B Pumping Station (if required.)

C Vertical Reed BedD Pumping Station

E Vertical Reed Bed

F Humus Tank

G Balancing Tank

H Horizontal Reed Bed

J Flow Control Chamber

Flat Site



The purpose of a home's subsur f ace sewage disposal system (septic system) is

to dispose of the water generated by the

occupants in such a manner that the soils

on the property can disperse it without

causing an adverse eff ect on ground water

and in turn on public health and the environment.

Sewage eff luent



Recharge

RAIN WATER HARVESTING TECHNIQUES :

There are two main techniques of rain water harvestings.

Storage of rainwater on sur f ace f or future use.

Recharge to ground water.



Rain water harvesting

Metal roof ing f or rain water harvesting is considered one of the best options f or

maximum eff iciency and the potability of the harvested rain water . In any building, the roof is the major catchment area of the rain water . Hence, the

material of the roof is very important in proper rain water harvesting. According to

scientif ic resear ch, the metal roof had been estimated to have an eff iciency quotient of 0.9 on a scale of zero to one. This is ideal f or maximum catchment of rain water



A) 3994 SF SLOPED COLLECTION ROOF

B) GUTTER AND DOWNSPOUTS

C)

RAIN WASHERS

D) 10,000 GAL RAINWATER CISTERN

E) FLOAT VALVE

F) SUPLEMENTAL MUNICIPAL WATER

G) FOOT VALVE

H) BOOSTER PUMP

I) PARTICLE AND SEDIMENT FILTERS

J) CARBON FILTERS

K) FLOW TRANSMITTERL) DRAW DOWN TANK

M) COMPOSTING BINS SPRAY (NON-CHLORINATED)

N) WALL HYDRANT (NON-CHLORINATED)

O) CHLORINATOR

P) WATER HEATER

Q) J ANITOR¶S SINK (CHLORINATED)

R) L AVARITORIES (CHLORINATED)

S) EXCESS LIQUID WASTE (³COMPOST TEA´) / GREYWATER TO ON-SITEWASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM



Primary water use purposes in

buildings

Toilets

Showers

Wash basins

Kitchens Laundry

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

(HVAC) systems

Landscaping.

Typical water use breakdown in aresidential building



Common water efficiency measures for

buildings

use-based charging

detecting leaks

dripping taps, f aucets, and shower heads

leakage in toilet f lushes - misplaced or

broken f lap-continuous over f low

storage tanks

cooling towers

pipes, joints, and valves toilets and urinals

Components that can lead to

leaks in a typical f lush system.



Changing behavior

Volume displacement objects

Low-volume or dual-mode f lush systems Vacuum-toilets

Composting toilets

A composting toilet.

URINALS

Urinals with on-demand sensors

Waterless urinals

Use of greywater in f lushing

A dual-mode f lush

system.

Waterless urinal.



BATHS AND SHOWERS

Giving a pref erence to showers over baths

Controlling water f low and time in showers

Water eff icient shower heads

Use of easily adjustable mixers

Example of a shower head with an air jet.



FAUCETS, TAPS, AND WASH BASINS

Water

eff icient

f auc

ets and

tap

adaptors

Faucets with on-demand sensors

Faucets with automatic shut-off systems

Easy to f it and

inexpensive, aerators can

save water by up to 50%.

A tap with an inf rared

on demand sensor.

A user -

activated

automatic

shut-off tap

system.



Water consumption and savings using

diff erent types of f aucets



KITCHENS

Eliminate using r unning water f or f ood

preparation

Using a dishwasher

Mechanical pre-rinse f or manual washing

Triggered spray nozzles Use of hot water

A tap with a triggered spray

nozzle can save a lot of water in kitchens.



L ANDSCAPING

Selecting the right plant species

Optimization of irrigation systems

Use of harvested rainwater and greywater

An active water harvesting system

Gray Water / Rainwater Catchment



EARLY DESIGN MEASURES

Water storage tanks

Water distribution

networks

Inf rastr ucture f or water

re-use

Water harvesting system

f rom roof s and paved

areas



THANK YOU

water efficiency2

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