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Dr. S. Al-Jeshi, A. Mahrous, M. Al-HajjiSaudi Aramco,
Saudi Arabia
February 2011
Water Arabia 2011 Conference
© Copyright 2011, Saudi Aramco. All rights reserved.
Background
Industrial Facility Description
Water Pinch Analysis
Results-Water Saving Ideas
Summary
OutlineOutline
The region is under extreme water shortage
Groundwater wells are depleting
BackgroundBackground
Water Pinch Analysis Study
Optimize water treatment processes
Minimize wastewater streams
Company Goal:Save Groundwater
for Future Generations
Facility depends entirely on groundwater
Include major water treatment processes
Industrial facility selection criteria
Water Wells
2nd Pass RO Membranes
1st Pass RO Membranes
Utility Boilers
Sulfur Recovery Unit Boilers
Membrane Bioreactor
Utility Water
Firewater Distribution
Wash Rooms
Utility Stations
Sanitary Sewer
Oily water Sewer
Cooling Towers
Oily -water separation
pond
2nd Pass Reject
1st Pass Reject
Facility Water Network
Irrigation
Neutralization Pit
95%
Ret
urn
Con
den
sate
5%
Boi
ler
Mak
eup
wat
er70% 30%
Drinking Water
Cogen. Waste Heat Recovery BoilersEvaporation pond outside the plant
Steam users
Water Saving Ideas
Water Pinch
Tracker Software
Water Pinch Water Pinch AnalysisAnalysis
Data Collection
Water Flow
Balance
It’s a systematic technique used to analyze water networks utilizing
advanced software to identify the optimum methods to conserve water
Water Pinch AnalysisWater Pinch Analysis
SourcesStreams that can be
used in other processes
SinksProcesses that demand a
certain amount of water at a certain quality
Boiler B/D
Cooling Tower B/D
RO membranes reject
Firewater
Utilities Water
Boiler Feed Water
Unit operation
Quality pH
Total Dissolved SolidsChloride (corrosion)
Silica (scaling) H2S (toxicity)
Suspended Solids Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Quantity Flow
Water Pinch AnalysisWater Pinch Analysis
Process evaluation
pH
S
ilic
a
Ch
ori
de
TO
C
25 GPM-100 ppm
15 GPM-150 ppm
Water Pinch AnalysisWater Pinch Analysis
Results Results
Software Results
Engineering Evaluation
OptimumWater saving
Water Wells
2nd Pass RO Membranes
1st Pass RO Membranes
Utility Boilers
Sulfur Recovery Unit Boilers
Membrane Bioreactor
Utility Water
Firewater Distribution
Wash Rooms
Utility Stations
Sanitary Sewer
Oily water Sewer
Cooling Towers
Oily -water separation
pond
2nd Pass Reject
1st Pass Reject
Facility Water Network
Irrigation
Neutralization Pit
95%
Ret
urn
Con
den
sate
5%
Boi
ler
Mak
eup
wat
er70% 30%
Drinking Water
Cogen. Waste Heat Recovery BoilersEvaporation pond outside the plant
Steam users
Save 5% of Groundwater with optimization of RO
membranes Plant
Recovery 68% design
75%
Save 6% of Groundwater relaxing utilities/firewater
quality (blending)
Increase Awareness
& Leaks Repair
Save 20% of Groundwater -
Thermal desalination unit
Total 31% Groundwater
saving
Recovery 72% design
80%
Water Pinch Analysis technique is a good approach but requires Good metering system-water balance Sufficient historical data Good engineering evaluation
Save up to 31% of Groundwater
Additional water saving through Processes optimization Leaks repair Awareness
SummarySummary
