Situation of Water Supply and

Sanitation Coverage in Nepal

2010 October

By Bhim Upadhyaya

Eastern Development RegionS.no. District Name Total

Population Water Supply Coverage Sanitation CoveragePopulation Percentage Populatio

nPercentage

1 Taplejung 156398 111527 71.31 84166 53.822 Panchthar 237020 161458 68.12 149074 62.93 Ilam 340185 232108 68.23 231233 67.974 Jhapa 808674 657048 81.25 462036 57.14

5 Morang 1019083 873966 85.76 473812 46.496 Sunsari 778061 603075 77.51 399407 51.337 Dhankuta 194274 148464 76.42 94504 48.648 Tehrathum 130346 118341 90.79 75767 58.139 Sankhuwasabha 184845 148375 80.27 98692 53.3910 Bhojpur 227585 152482 67 83761 36.811 Solukhumbu 124447 95824 77 49328 39.6412 Khotang 264074 200617 75.97 47899 18.1413 Okhaldhungha 182044 150004 82.4 95031 52.214 Udayapur 352855 226462 64.18 90676 25.715 Saptari 684101 494673 72.31 130028 19.0116 Siraha 690306 497227 72.03 127495 18.47 Total 6374298 4871651 76.4 2692909 42.3

Eastern Region

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Sanitation Water Supply

Central Development Region    

S.no. District Name Total Population

Water Supply Coverage Sanitation CoveragePopulation Percentage Poulation Percentage

1 Dhanusha 807151 605363 75 192646 23.872 Mahottari 669940 520476 77.69 114658 17.113 Sarlahi 776694 631145 81.25 135677 17.474 Sindhuli 337913 208729 61.77 71007 21.015 Ramechhap 246989 195245 79.05 77238 31.276 Dolakha 241318 196505 81.43 116141 48.137 Sindhupalchowk 360587 291823 80.93 122047 31.858 Kavrepalanchowk 457184 373474 81.69 325511 71.29 Lalitpur 415581 371239 89.33 347805 83.69

10 Bhaktapur 276577 253510 91.66 240909 87.111 Kathmandu 1432290 1334894 93.2 1343113 93.7712 Nuwakot 340579 265379 77.92 106082 31.1513 Rasuwa 53494 47845 89.44 22410 41.8914 Dhading 405045 280494 79.25 208301 51.4315 Makwanpur 473861 341749 72.12 227667 48.0516 Rautahat 671223 495363 73.8 118001 17.5817 Bara 693913 614668 88.58 132251 19.0618 Parsa 615232 493231 80.17 156829 25.4919 Chitwan 583656 496399 85.05 484908 83.08 Total 9859227 8017531 81.3 4543201 46.1

Central Region

0%

20%40%

60%80%

100%

Sanitation Water Supply

Western Development RegionS.no. District Name Total

PopulationWater Supply Coverage Sanitation Coverage

population Percentage Population Percentage

1 Gorkha 336518 235933 70.11 148561 44.152 Lamjung 207677 185248 89.2 116702 56.19

3 Manang 13216 12698 96.08 6026 45.594 Kaski 466379 430141 92.23 407922 87.475 Tanahu 372329 306948 82.44 210844 56.636 Syangja 363205 285152 78.51 248420 68.47 Parbat 181795 160034 88.03 136975 75.358 Baglung 315702 286878 77.85 187265 59.32

9 Myagdi 133541 114565 85.79 64367 48.210 Mustang 16953 13952 82.3 6960 41.0511 Palpa 313186 257439 82.2 164980 52.6812 Nawalparasi 688166 577715 83.95 327357 47.5713 Rupandehi 882367 810101 91.81 430048 48.7414 Kapivastu 590298 478200 81.01 128558 21.78

15 Arghakhachi 244257 202660 82.97 112857 46.216 Gulmi 343357 267303 77.85 230157 67.03 Total 5468946 4624967 84.6 2927999 53.5

Western Region

0%20%40%60%80%

100%120%

Sanitation Water Supply

Mid Western Development Region S.no. District Name Total

PopulationWater Supply

CoverageSanitation Coverage

Poulation Percentage Poulation Percentage

1 Rukum 224334 177336 79.05 45586 20.32

2 Salyan 250372 143563 57.34 40986 16.37

3 Rolpa 245725 187242 76.2 50161 20.41

4 Pyuthan 253881 225370 88.77 53401 21.03

5 Dang 570603 395143 69.25 251665 44.11

6 Banke 484266 438551 90.56 174174 35.97

7 Bardiya 474561 389994 82.18 185848 39.16

8 Surkhet 352516 273129 77.48 127857 36.53

9 Jajarkot 158752 122318 77.05 40090 25.25

10 Dailekh 267050 148827 55.73 53023 19.86

11 Dolpa 34744 24213 69.69 6130 17.64

12 Jumla 104994 92342 87.95 39066 37.21

13 Kalikot 124552 98496 79.08 27229 21.86

14 Mugu 52241 42451 81.26 12739 24.38

15 Humla 47730 23101 48.4 12330 25.83

Total 3646321 2782076 76.30 1120285 30.7

Mid Western Region

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Sanitation Water Supply

Far Western Development RegionS.no. District Name Total

PopulationWater Supply

CoverageSanitation Coverage

Population Percentage Population Percentage

1 Bajhang 198588 115638 58.23 27868 14.03

2 Bajura 128590 111642 86.82 13590 10.57

3 Achham 272064 239444 88.01 51908 19.08

4 Doti 249064 199152 79.96 58054 23.31

5 Kailali 791596 701592 88.63 310333 39.2

6 Kanchanpur 483797 497536 82.17 163749 33.85

7 Dadeldhura 150224 116449 77.51 64719 43.08

8 Baitadi 275839 247317 89.66 70599 25.59

9 Darchula 145003 116350 80.24 23827 16.43

Total 2694765 2345120 83.3 784647 29.1

Far Western Region

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Sanitation Water Supply

Nationwise Water Supply Coverage

S.No. RegionWater Supply Coverage (%)

Rural Urban Total

1 Eastern 74.5 88.5 76.4

2 Central 77.4 96.5 81.3

3 Western 83.4 95.7 84.6

4 Mid Western 75.6 84.4 76.3

5 Far Western 81.6 94.6 83.3

Total 78.1 93.6 80.4

Water Supply Coverage (Rural vs Urban)

74.52% 77.36%83.37%

75.55%81.61% 78.11%

88.49%96.49% 95.69%

84.41%94.63% 93.63%

76.43%81.32% 84.57%

76.30%83.31% 80.38%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Eastern Central Western M. Western F. Western National

Rural Urban Total

S.No. RegionSanitation Coverage (%)

Rural Urban Total

1 Eastern 38.1 68.2 42.3

2 Central 35.5 86.5 46.1

3 Western 50.7 80.5 53.5

4 Mid Western 27.3 68.5 30.7

5 Far Western 24.2 61.5 29.1

Total 37.0 78.30 43.0

Nationwise Sanitation Coverage

Sanitation Coverage (Rural vs Urban)

38.14% 35.52%

50.68%

27.28% 24.24%

37.00%

68.16%

86.55%80.14%

68.52%61.52%

78.31%

42.25% 46.08%53.54%

30.75% 29.12%

43.04%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Eastern Central Western M. Western F. Western National

Rural Urban Total

Nationwide Coverage on Water Supply and Sanitation

S.No Region Water Supply

Coverage Sanitation Coverage

1 Eastern 76.4 42.2

2 Central 81.3 46.1

3 Western 81.6 53.5

4 Mid Western 76.3 30.7

5 Far Western 83.3 29.1

  National 80.38 43.04

Region wise Coverage

42.2% 46.1%

30.7% 29.1%

43.0%

76.4%81.3% 84.6%

76.3%83.3% 80.4%

53.5%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

East Central Western M. Western F. Western National

Sanitation Water Supply

Coverage vs Uncovered

3.93

15.69

80.38

Coverage

Ongoing

Net Uncovered

Water Supply System Scenario

29.7

3.34

19.62

47.34 Piped Water system

Handpumps, Tubewells

Other Managed system

Uncovered

Functional Status of the ProjectsS.N Status Criteria No of

SchemesCovered HHs

Coverage (%)

1 Well managed projects 7,464 373,295 17.91

2 Minor repaired required 16,935 809,996 38.85

3 Major repair required 4,375 246,481 11.82

4 To be rehabilitated 4,967 437,800 21.00

5 To be reconstructed 3,438 189,756 9.10

6 Projects not possible for re-operation

467 27,008 1.30

7 Others 15 530 0.03

Total 38,307 2,084,866 100

17.91

38.8511.82

21

9.1

1.30.03

Well managed projects

Minor repaired required

Major repair required

To be rehabilitated

To be reconstructed

Projects not possible for re-operation

Others

Functional Status of the Projects……..S.N Content No of Schemes

Total Schemes: 38,307

1 No of Schemes having VMW 9,531 (24.90%)

2 No of Schemes having adequate maintenance tools & plants

10,450 (27.30%)

3 No of schemes having registered users committees

12,138 (31.71%)

4 No of schemes having operation & maintenance fund

7,955 (20.77%)

Salient Features of Pipe Water Supply Systems

S.N Content No of Schemes

1 Total Schemes 38307

2 Gravity Pipe Water Supply System 37931 (99.02%)

3 Surface Pumping System 143 (0.37%)

4 Deep tubewell- Overhead Pumping Systems

164 (0.43%)

5 Others 69 (0.18%)

6 Schemes having sedimentation tanks only for treatment

105 (0.27%)

7 Schemes having filtration system for treatment

160 (0.43%)

Salient Features of Pipe Water Supply Systems…

S.N

Content No of Schemes

Total Schemes: 38,307

1 No of Schemes aged 20 years and more

4,509 (11.77%)

2 HHs covered by schemes aged 20 years and more

473,708

3 No of schemes having more than 80% well functioning taps

6,706 (17.50%)

4 No of schemes having adequate water through out the year

23,542 (61.49%)

Sanitation CoverageS.N Content Total HHs Coverage

(%)

1 Total HHs covered by managed latrines

21,40,060 43.04

2 HHs covered by water seal toilets

11,50,282 53.75

3 HHs covered by pit latrines

9,03,319 42.21

4 HH covered by other latrines

86,459 4.04