water and poverty searching for linkages
TRANSCRIPT
Andes BFP Team
Two Basins
Volta Andes
FOOD SECURITY
DIFICULTIES MEETING FOOD NEEDS VS LOCATIONDIFICULTIES MEETING FOOD NEEDS VS LOCATION
DIFICULTIES MEETING FOOD NEEDS VS LOCATION AND OTHER BIOPHYSCIAL CHARACTERISTICS
DIFICULTIES MEETING FOOD NEEDS VS LOCATION AND OTHER BIOPHYSCIAL CHARACTERISTICS
POVERTY IN DRYER AND LOW PRODUCTIVE PROVINCESPOVERTY IN DRYER AND LOW PRODUCTIVE PROVINCES
The Andes
Noel Trejos Chief Scientist in Integral Management
Meagan KeefeAgricultural Economist
Mario Aquirre Senior Officer
Water Program
Silvia Benitez Water Conservation
Programme Co-ordinator
Carmen Candelo ReinaGovernance and Livelihoods Program Director
Jairo ValderramaBiologist
Alonso MorenoNatural ResourceSustainable ManagementProgramme
Edwin PajaresDirector of Natural Resource Sharing Program
John PenderEconomist
Cauca University, Valle University, CAN, Proyecto GEF Paramo, CIAT, UNAL, CONDESAN, Kings College London, Universidad Autonoma,de Occidente,
Componenete Hídrico
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Califique; ¿Que tantoafecta el acceso al
agua, el bienestar de lasviviendas rurales?
Califique; ¿Que tantolimitan las
inundaciones, en lacapacidad de
producción de lasfamilias rurales
Andinas?
¿Las sequias causanperdidas en losrendimientos
productivos (agircolas,ganaderos,
industriales)?
¿Qué tanto consideraUd. que la
disponibilidad delrecurso hídrico es
relevante en lacapacidad deproducción
agropecuaria y elestado de pobreza de
los hogares de lascuencas Andinas?
Preguntas
Val
or
asig
nad
o c
om
o r
esp
ues
ta a
la
pre
gu
nta Promedio
Valor Minimo
Valor Maximo
La pobreza en Fuquene, Ambato y Jetequepeque (Chapalbay et al., 2007; La pobreza en Fuquene, Ambato y Jetequepeque (Chapalbay et al., 2007; Johnson et al., 2008; Gomez et al., 2005) Johnson et al., 2008; Gomez et al., 2005)
SubasinSubasin Key FactorKey Factor
FuqueneFuquene Alternative employment to Alternative employment to agriculture, health, inheritances, agriculture, health, inheritances, savings, no water related, no animal savings, no water related, no animal belongins relatedbelongins related
AmbatoAmbato Alternative employment to Alternative employment to agriculture, no water related, agriculture, no water related, animals stocksanimals stocks
Jeteque-Jeteque-pequepeque
Alternative employment to Alternative employment to agriculture, land property, agriculture, land property, education, health, subsistance education, health, subsistance crops, irrigation, animal stockscrops, irrigation, animal stocks
Agriculture in the EconomyAgriculture as a % of GDP
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Year
%
Bolivia
Brazil
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
% of workforce in agriculture
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1961
1964
1967
1970
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
Year
%
Bolivia
Brazil
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Migration in the Region
Annual Out Migration
0
50100
150200
250
300350
400450
500
1960-1965
1965-1970
1970-1975
1975-1980
1980-1985
1985-1990
1990-1995
1995-2000
Period
'000
s p
er y
ear Bolvia
Brasil
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Urbanization of poverty
Percent of Population Malnourished
E C U A D O RE C U A D O R
< 40
40 - 50
50 - 60
60 - 70
70 - 80
No Data
How Different are Regional Social Conditions?How Different are Regional Social Conditions?
Poverty Indigence
Urban Coast 44.1 8.7Rural Coast 75.2 29.5Total Coast 54.3 15.5Urban Highlands 45.0 14.6Rural Highlands 81.4 42.2Total Highlans 62.6 27.9Amazonian Basin 65.0 22.2National Total 58.4 21.4
Ecuador:Ecuador:
Consumption based Consumption based povertypoverty
Several indicators of poverty matchSeveral indicators of poverty match
• Poverty intensity according to the Poverty intensity according to the unsatisfied basic need methodunsatisfied basic need method• Human development index (literacy, Human development index (literacy, life expectancy and per capita GDP)life expectancy and per capita GDP)• Household consumption from small Household consumption from small area estimationarea estimation
Lessons• Poverty is context dependent• Related factors operate differently at different
scales of observation (e.g. education)• There are external factors not directly visible
from the basin (e.g. migration, regional economy)• Links between water and poverty are influenced
by intermediate factors (management, institutional arrangements, access to knowledge and technology)
Equity, inclusivness, trust, etc..
Which interventions enable poverty reduction and
increases in WUE
End
