waste-to-energy technology for the futurewhat is waste-to-energy? • part of an environmentally...

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© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .1 August 2, 2015 Larry Hiner, Boiler Product Line Manager, Babcock & Wilcox Waste-to-Energy Technology For The Future

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Page 1: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .1

August 2, 2015

Larry Hiner, Boiler Product Line Manager, Babcock & Wilcox

Waste-to-Energy Technology For The Future

Page 2: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .2

B&W Company Profile

• Global leader in energy and environmental technologies and services for the power and industrial markets

• Installed electricity generation capacity of more than 300,000 MW in more than 90 countries

• More than 500 WTE/biomass units installed worldwide

• Pioneered environmental equipment in the 1970s with most comprehensive suite of products available

• Employees in 25 countries

Headquarters: Charlotte, NC

Founded: 1867

Employees:

Web:

Approximately 6,000employees, in addition to 2,500 joint venture employees worldwidewww.babcock.com

Page 3: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .3

What is Waste-to-Energy?

• Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for heat, process or power generation applications

• “Energy from what’s left.” After recyclables have been collected, B&W’s WTE technologies produce energy from the remaining waste. Post-combustion metals collection further benefits recycling efforts.

• B&W plants use two primary technologies.

• Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) - Refuse is first separated, classified and reclaimed in various ways to yield salable or otherwise recyclable products. The remaining material is prepared for firing in the boiler.

• Mass Burn - Refuse is combusted in its as-received, unprepared state. Recyclable metals are removed after combustion.

Page 4: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .4

Benefits of Waste-to-Energy

• Revenues

• Metals recovery/recycling

• Tipping fees

• Steam/hot water

• Electricity

• Beneficial use of ash

• Environmental

• Low emissions

• Lower CO2 emissions than coal, oil, natural gas

• Elimination of landfill methane

• Overall net-negative GHG

• Lower air and water emissions and runoff from landfills

• Other

• Resilience/disaster recovery (i.e. waste from hurricane/storm damage)

Page 5: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .5

Palm Beach Renewable Energy Facility #2

Page 6: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .6

Achievements - Palm Beach County Renewable Energy Facility

• First WTE plant built in U.S. in 20 years

• Most-advanced WTE plant in North America

• 33,000 tons of metal recovered annually

• Reduced volume sent to landfill by 90%

• Better than zero discharge on water

• Key part of county’s overall recycling, composting and clean energy program

• On-site electric vehicle charging

• LEED certified visitors center for community education

• Asset to the community

• Generates electricity for 40,000+ homes

• Generated over 1,000 design, manufacturing andconstruction jobs

• Operated by more than 70 full-time, highly skilledworkers

Page 7: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .7

Achievements - Palm Beach County Renewable Energy Facility

• Ultra-low emissions well-below permitted levels

• Lead, mercury, dioxin/furans, hydrochloric acid, VOCs

• Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, particulate, sulfuric acid

• Landfill methane eliminated

• Lower net CO2 emissions than coal, oil or natural gas

• Net negative GHG profile (CO2, methane)

• Lowest emissions of any WTE plant in the world

• Environmental controls

• SCR (NOx, dioxin/furan destruction)

• Dry scrubber w/ fabric filter (SO2, HCL – acid gasses)

• Fabric filter (particulate matter, heavy metals)

• Advanced plant design and combustion system (carbon monoxide, VOCs, dioxins and furans, sulfuric acid)

• Activated carbon injection with fabric filter (mercury)

• Advanced continuous emissions monitoring

Page 8: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .8

Economics of WTE• Waste reduction results in reduced cost to landfill trash

• Landfill elimination or life extension

• Elimination of expensive landfill permitting process

• Metals recovery – revenue on recycled metals

• Resilience and disaster remediation

• Recovering energy from waste

• Electricity sales – revenue on energy recovery

• Steam sales – revenue on energy recovery

• Localize energy production

Page 9: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .9

Waste-to-Energy for Greenhouse Gas Avoidance

• According to the U.S. EPA,WTE emits less net CO2 thanfossil fuels, including naturalgas

• Renewable biomass is a significant component of MSW fuel

• “Although MSW power plants do emit carbon dioxide, the primary greenhouse gas, the biomass-derived portion is considered to be part of the Earth's natural carbon cycle.”- U.S. EPA web site, 2015

• “In contrast, when fossil fuels (or products derived from them such as plastics) are burned, they release carbon dioxide that has not been partof the Earth's atmosphere for a very long time.” - U.S. EPA web site, 2015

Page 10: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .10

Waste-to-Energy For Greenhouse Gas Avoidance

• “If the goal is greenhouse gas reduction, then WTE [waste-to-energy] should be considered as an option under U.S. renewable energy policies." –U.S. EPA, University of North Carolina study, 2009

• “Solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emissionsfrom the waste sector, as well as reduce upstream and downstream emissions.”–U.S. EPA Fact Sheet, 2002

• By landfilling only ash, WTE preventsthe potent greenhouse gas methanefrom forming and being emitted

• Methane is 25 to 85 times more potentGHG than carbon dioxide

• Landfills are the third largest source ofhuman-caused methane emissions in the U.S., after natural gas and oil production (#1) and agriculture (#2)

-40000

-30000

-20000

-10000

0

10000

20000

30000

4000030% Recycled;70% LandfilledWith No GasCollection

30% Recycled;70% Landfilled;gas collected andflared

30% Recycled;70% Landfilled;landfill gas piped,combusted inboiler

30% Recycled;70% Waste toEnergy, MetalsRecovery

Net Global Climate Change Emissions

Car

bo

nEq

uiv

alen

t Em

issi

on

s (M

TCE)

Source: Thorneloe SA, Weitz K., Jambeck J. Application of the U.S. Decision Support Tool for Materials and Waste ManagementWM Journal 2006

Page 11: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .11

Waste-to-Energy For Greenhouse Gas Avoidance

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

CO2 from combustion of plastics counted as an emission

Ton

CO

2e

/ to

n M

SW

CO2 From MSWCombustion

Fossil CO2 Avoided by WTE

Metals Recovery

Landfill MethaneAvoided

Net GHGFactor

CO2 from combustionof biomass not counted as an emission

Source: Lifecycle Assessment of WTE GHG Reductions (2014), Energy Recovery Council

Page 12: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .12

Waste Fuel v. Natural Gas Emissions

Pollutant

Nitric Oxide

Nitrogen Dioxide

Carbon Monoxide

Sulfur Dioxide

Sulfur Trioxide

Unburned Hydrocarbons

Particulate Matter

Natural Gas Turbine Exhaust

20 - 220 PPM

2 - 20 PPM

5 - 330 PPM

Trace – 100 PPM

Trace – 4 PPM

5 - 300

Trace – 25 PPM

WPB Emissions

Permit

<50 PPM

Included above

<100 PPM

<24 PPM

Not required

< 7 PPM

12 MG/DSCM

WPB Actual Emissions

Test

30.5 PPM

Included above

5 - 24 PPM

10 - 21 PPM

Not Detectable/Trace

0.2 – 2.7 PPM

0.6 – 2.5 MG/DSCM

* All Data Shown For Typical Concentration (Parts Per Million Volume) Except Where Noted

* Natural Gas Data Source: Gas Turbine Emissions and Control,GE Power Systems White Paper

* West Palm Beach REF #2 Data Source: Babcock & Wilcox

* Actual emission test conducted during compliance test three 4 hr. test per unit – 9 total test

with range showing high and low measurement under stable full load testing

Page 13: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .13

Recycling Rates For WTE Communities and States

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%A

L

CA CT FL HI

IN ME

MD

MA

MI

MN

NH NJ

NY

OK

OR

PA

UT

VA

WA

WI

TOTA

L

Statewide RecyclingRate

WTE CommunitiesRecycling Rate

Source: A Compatibility Study: Recycling and Waste-to-Energy Work in Concert (2014 Update), Energy Recovery Council

Page 14: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .14

EU Waste-to-Energy PolicyA Model For Responsible Waste Management

• More than 450 WTE plants in Europe vs. 87 in U.S.

• Stated EU Objectives

• Reduce amount of waste generated

• Maximize recycling

• Limit incineration to non-recyclables

• Limit landfilling tonon-recyclables

• Ensure full implementation of waste policy targets in all Member States

• Top 8 Euro Countries

• 2% Landfill

• 52% Recycling

• 46%Energy Recovery

Amager Bakke Waste-to-Energy Plant near Copenhagen, Denmark currentlyunder construction. Features B&W Vølund boilers and environmental equipment, low emissions, cutting-edge architecture and artificial ski slope.

Page 15: Waste-to-Energy Technology For The FutureWhat is Waste-to-Energy? • Part of an environmentally sound refuse disposal program, WTE is the combustion of refuse to generate steam for

© 2015 The Babcock & Wilcox Company. All rights reserved. Proprietary and Confidential .15

Questions?