warning. mandatory prohibition safe condition
TRANSCRIPT
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Warning
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Warning
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Mandatory
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Mandatory
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Prohibition
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Prohibition
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SafeCondition
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SafeCondition
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Third angleProjection
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Hatching
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BSI Kite MarkTo make sureEveryone works To the samestandards
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Sink
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Sink top
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Washbasin
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Bath
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Shower tray
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WC
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Window
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Door
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Radiator
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Lamp
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Switch
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Socket
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NorthSymbol
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Sawn Timber
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Concrete
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Insulation Board
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Brickwork
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Floor plan
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LocationPlan
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Site orBlock Plan
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Array (Rectangular)
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Mirror
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Circle
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Rotate
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Copy
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Delete
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Zoom
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Chamfer
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Ellipse
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Hatch
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Fillet / arc
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Break / Trim
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Circular / Ring array
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Dimension
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Wire frame models
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Surface rendered modelSolid Model
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Planometric
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OrthographicSectional view
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2 Point perspective
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Oblique
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1 Point perspective
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Isometric
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Exploded view
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The Colour Wheel
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Harmonising colours are beside each other on the colour wheel.
The following colours are harmonious:Yellow & OrangeRed & VioletBlue & Green
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Contrasting colours are on opposite sides of the colour wheel.
The following colours are contrasting:Yellow & VioletRed & GreenBlue & Orange
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Advancing colours appear to come towards you when you look at them.
Advancing colours are warm colours:redorangeyellow
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Receding colours appear to move into the background when you look at them.
Receding colours are cold colours:bluegreenviolet
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These colours are used to give a feeling of warmth to a drawing.
redyelloworange
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These colours are used to give a feeling of coldness to a drawing.
bluegreenviolet
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Tone
The tone of a colour is how strong or weak a colour is.By applying more coats of a colour its tone can be made stronger.
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Tint & Shade
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Tint & Shade
Tints are created by adding white to a colour.
Shades are created by adding black to a colour.
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Red
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Red
• Great power of attraction• Hot• Exciting• bold• Festive• Passionate• positive• Rage • Aggression• Danger• Courage• Speed
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Yellow • Warm
• Sunny
• Happy
• Glowing
• Easily seen
• Luminous
• Bright
• Pleasant
• Lively
• Cheerful
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Blue • Cool
• Elegant
• Sophisticated
• Formal
• Classy
• Aristocratic
• Serene
• Passive
• Reliable
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Green • Cool
• Restful
• natural
• Calm
• Soothing
• Fresh
• Informal
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Violet • Cool
• Negative
• Retiring
• Subdued
• Solemn
Purple
•Rich•Pompous•Impressive•Regal
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Orange • Warm
• Happy
• Cheerful
• Energy
• Refreshing
• Sunny
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Neutral Colours
• Greys• Natural• Neutral• Sedate
• Browns• Natural• Earthly• Safe
• Elegant• Dignified• Inconspicuous
• Reliable• Good
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Black & White
• Luminous
• Positive
• Light
• Delicate
• Clean
• Subdued
• Solemn
• Profound
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Using three primary colours, RED, YELLOW and BLUE
This creates visual excitement
Eg The colour scheme of The Early Learning Centre.
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Advantages of CADReduced storage space required.
Previously, paper drawings would have required whole rooms to store the drawings for a building.
Now this information can be stored on a single disk.Corrections can be made easily.Before, whole drawings may have had to be reproduced on paper if a mistake has been made.Now a single line is deleted and redrawn in the correct place.Repetitive parts of the drawing can be saved and imported as part of a “drawing library”.Paper drawings require objects to be redrawn each time manually which is time consuming.Being able to call the parts in from a library saves the user time.It takes less time to produce drawings using CAD systems than traditional manual drawing methods.Drawings offices often produce their drawings using a standard layout so that people can immediately identify the drawings as belonging to that particular company.Templates can be set up on a computer to make this easier.No matter what size of drawing is being produced CAD systems can be used to produce them accurately.Grid Snap, Zoom and Attach commands are 3 examples of methods of producing accurate drawings easily.
CAD systems can be linked with CAM machines to produce objects straight from the drawings.This is referred to as CAD/CAMCAM stands for Computer Aided Manufacture.This is a cheaper and quicker method of producing the final product.Because 3D CAD designs are so realistic and can be made to look like the actual material they will be made from, clients can see exactly what is being made so a physical model is not required, reducing costs and the time it takes to design a new product.Designers can use powerful CAD computer packages to make virtual reality simulations of the layout of their buildings.This means that the client can have a “look around” the building before it is built and changes can be made at this early stage.This results in a faster design of the building and a higher quality end product.It is also cheaper to make any changes at this stage rather than while the building is being constructed.On an ever greater scale, the Internet can be used to share plans and designs with anyone in the world that also has an Internet connection.This means that specialised work can take place between different countries quickly and cheaply.
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Disadvantages of CAD
Initial costs of buying a computer system are high.
As computer systems can be used to produce quicker CAD drawings less people need to be employed.
CAD/CAM systems also means less people need to be employed.
It takes a long time to make CAD drawings of the existing drawings a company already has.
Viruses.
Training time for new software.
Power cuts.
Hackers / Computer data theft.
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Layering
Layering is building up of a drawing one section at a time. Each layer can be switched on and off.
Things can be viewed as separate sections or all the parts in their place ie. Electrics, plumbing, furniture etc
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AnimationAnimation is like a film or cartoon that can only be watched.
Improves realism
Enables the creation of impossible action and stunts
Safer than filming with actors
Cheaper than filming with actors
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SimulationSimulation is where you can interact with the software.
Computer simulations can represent real or imaginary situations. They allow users to study or safely try things that would be difficult or impossible to do in real life.
Flight simulator
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Input DevicesKeyboard
Mouse
Joystick
Trackerball
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Graphics Tablet
Optical Scanner
Digital Camera
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Output DevicesVisual Display Unit
Dot Matrix Printer
Bubblejet (Inkjet)Printer
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Laser Printer
Flatbed Plotter
Drum Plotter
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Storage
Hard Disk
CD ROM
USB Pen drive
Micro disc
Memory card
External Hard Drive
MP3 or MP4 Player
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Line Type6
1 Outline
2 Hidden
3 Cutting plane
4 Hatching
5 Dimension
6 Centre
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Computer packages
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Computer packages
DTP Desktop Publishing
Word Processing
CAD
Paint / Illustration
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Hatching Different Parts
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Dimensions
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1 Columns Splits text into vertical parts (newspapers)
2 Rules Line below text or between columns
3 Margins Area of white space going round the page
4 Captions Description text below a graphic
5 Headers Text at the top of the page repeated throughout the document
6 Footers/Folio Line of text or page number at the bottom
7 Gutters Gaps between columns of text
8 Boxes Border round text or image
9 Reverses White text on black
10 Graphic/Image Drawing, image, picture etc
11 Headline Large text to show the content
12 Text Wrap Surround a diagram with text
13 Sub Heading A heading for a smaller part of the document
14 Alignment Text to the right , left or centre
15 Format Arrangement of text, text styles, graphics and columns
16 White space Large areas of space round a text or picture
16
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15 is all of the layout