Warming up

What is first aid?

First aid is ___________________ g

iven to someone who suddenly ___

________ or _____________

before a doctor can be found.

a temporary form of help a temporary form of help

falls illfalls ill gets injured gets injured

Brainstorming: What words can you think of when you talk about accidents and first aid?

AccidentFirst aid

drown bleed choke

burn/catch fire

cut

a bloody nosea snake bite

sprained ankle

a broken arm

Nowadays there are a lot of unexpected accidents. What would you do in such situations?

1. The best way to treat a hurt ankle is to:

A. Put an ice pack on your ankle.

B. Put a heating pad( 垫子 )around your

ankle.

C. Keep on walking and jumping.

treat a hurt ankle

2. If you get a nosebleed, gently let your head back to stop the bleeding.

A. True

B. False

(It may lead the blood into the throat and easily cause choking.)

3. To treat a burn, you:

A. Rub( 擦 ) some butter on it.

B. Hold the burnt part under cold

running water.

C. Put salt on the burnt part.

4. You should wait at least five minutes

before touching somebody who has been

struck by lightening, or you might get a

shock ( 打击 ).

A. True

B. False

5. Your friend has an asthma( 哮喘 ) attack, but she doesn’t have her medicine. You’d better:

A. Get a paper bag for her to breathe into. B. Get her a cup of coffee. C. Take her outside for fresh air.

(caffeine 咖啡因 can help to dilate 扩大 the windpipe 气管 )

6. To treat a choke, you should make

him /her spit by patting him/her on the

back.

A. True

B. False

7. If someone is having a heart attack, you should first:

A. Call 120

B. Perform CPR ( 心肺复苏 )

Discuss what kind of first aid you should

give in these situation. （ P33 ）Lay the victim down an

d keep him/her still. Do

not wash the venom

（毒液） off the skin;

do not try to suck out th

e venom…

Put a bandage on

the wound and

apply pressure to

reduce the

bleeding.

Have the victim sit

down and elevate the

foot. Put an ice pack

on the ankle to reduce

the swelling. Put a firm

bandage around the

foot and ankle

If the person can cough, d

on’t do anything. If he/sh

e can’t cough and is turni

ng blue in the face, hit hi

m/her between the should

er blades （肩胛） with t

he flat of the hand three o

r four times.

If possible ， do not move the bro

ken bone . Do not move the victim. Support the broken arm in the most comfortable position. Keep the arm still using a sling or get the victim to support the broken arm with the other arm. Get medical help immediately

Get the person to sit do

wn, tilt （倾斜） his/h

er head forward slightly

and gently pinch the sof

t part of the nose below

the bridge.

1. Check to see if he is breathing.

2. Try to start his breathing.

Some more situations

Press a hand on his chest many times.

Use the mouth-to-mouth method.

Lay him on his back, close his nose with your fingers and breathe into his mouth. Repeat this as often as necessary.

• Learn how to swim.

• Swim with a life-buoy.

• Never swim alone.

• Don’t swim in dangerous waters.

• Call for a doctor or an ambulance.• Never pull her out of the car.• Find enough people to lift the car safely and take her to hospital at once.

Look at both sides when crossing the street.

Call 119 first and tell them the exact address on the phone.

Call 120 to ask for an ambulance if someone is badly burnt.

Cool the area of skin and put a piece of dry clean cloth over the area of skin.

• Keep calm and find your way out quickly, using the escape route exit.

• Try to sound the fire alarm.

• Don’t open the door if the door is hot or if you see smoke coming under the door.

• Stand in front of a open window and shout for help. Try to cover your mouth with a wet towel.

Go to the hospital at once.Never pull it out of the cut.

For not serious cuts, wash the area of cut, dry it and cover it with a bandage or a piece of dry and clean cloth.

• Never play with knives or other sharp objects.

• Always be careful with your tools, especially knives.

Make him /her spit by patting him/her on the back.

Don’t slap his back, which may make things worse.

• Don’t eat too fast and don’t forget to chew your food.

• Don’t talk or laugh while having food in the mouth.

Important numbers

120

119

110

Emergency medical service

Fire department

Police department

The emergency treatment for an

injured or sick person before

professional medical care.

First aid is the science of giving

medical care to a person before a

doctor can be found. Anyone with

the knowledge can give first aid;

you don’t have to be a doctor. First

aid, if quickly and correctly given,

can save a person’s life.

Quiz for first aid （ P74 ）

1.Which person would you help first? ___

A. Li Yan who has cut her foot on glass

B. Xue Jin whose nose is bleeding

C. GaoYuan who is on the ground not

breathing

D. Wang Feng who has broken her arm.

C

2. When carrying out rescue

breathing, how many times a

minute should you blow air into the

victim’s mouth? _____.

A. 4 B. 8 C. 15 D. 20

C

3. What should the first step be when you

carry out rescue breathing? ____

A. clear the airway

B. check the pulse

C. blow into the victim’s mouth

D. check for breathing

A

4. How would you stop severe bleeding? ___

A. cover the wound with plastic

B. wash the wound

C. do nothing as the bleeding will stop by

itself

D. put a bandage over the wound and

then press on it

D

5. A friend is choking on a piece of food

and is coughing badly. What should you

do? ___

A. nothing

B. carry out rescue breathing

C. have her lie down and rest

D. slap her four or five times on her

back

A