Warm-up1. How do plankton differ from nekton?a. Plankton are floaters. c. Plankton are

carnivores.b. Plankton are strong swimmers d. Plankton live on the

ocean bottom.

2. The ___________ is the ocean zone is characterized by high water pressure, low temperatures, and no sunlight.a. pelagic zone c. abyssal zoneb. intertidal zone d. neritic zone

3. Which animal(s) would have the greatest chance of survival?a. one that fed through a food web b. one that fed through a food chainc. one that ate a wide variety of preyd. both a and c (food web & variety of prey)

Classifying Marine Organisms:

Where live & How move.

1. Plankton

2. Nekton

3. Benthos

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What does this picture show us?

Density…What is it?

Density = Mass ÷ Volume– How heavy for size…

↑ Salinity = ↑ Density

↑ Tempo = ↓ Density

Ocean LayersLayered by density.

1. Surface Zone– Shallow– Mixed (waves &

wind)

2. Transition Zone– Thermocline– Pycnocline

3. Deep Zone– No sunlight– Cold & Dense

THERMOCLINE PYCNOCLINE:

Rapid Increase in Density with Depth.

“Salinity.”

“Salinus” = salt• Salinity = amount of salt dissolved in water

• Parts per 1000 = ‰

• Most of the salt in seawater = common table salt.

Sources of Salts

1. Weathering E_________

D_________

2. Earth’s interior!– Volcanic eruptions

ROSIONEPOSITION

REVIEW:1. If we poured a cup of salt into our aquarium

what would happen to the salinity of the water?

2. What is the difference between a Thermocline and a Pycnocline?

3. Where is the densest layer of the ocean located? What is it called?

The salinity (amount of salt in water) would INCREASE

Thermocline = layer with great change in tempo

Pycnocline = layer with great change in density

On the bottom, “The Deep Zone”

4 Main Oceans1. Pacific

2. Atlantic

3. Indian

4. Arctic

“People Are Intelligent Always”

Continental Margin

• Edge between continent & Ocean

Continental Shelf

• Gentle Slope away from shore

• Lots of resources!

Continental Slope• Steep Slope!• Submarine canyons!

Continental Rise• Medium steep• Connects to ocean basin floor.

Submarine Canyons• Continental Slope!

• Turbidity Currents– Water + sand = heavy– Movement Erosion Canyons

Q: What processes create sediment in the Ocean?

Q: How else might sediment get into the Ocean?

Turbidity Currents!

Weathering!Volcanic Eruptions!

Marine Productivity!

Producer makes stuff– Photosynthesis

Consumer uses stuff– Chemical energy is transferred by feeding.– Feeding = Inefficient!

Food Chain

Food Web

How do we know?!• Sonar

• Satellites– Sea level changes

• Submersibles– Underwater boat

REVIEW

1. What are the 4 main oceans?

2. How much of Earth is covered by water?

3. What does Bathymetry mean?

4. How do we know about the ocean floor?

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic

71%

Measuring ocean depths

Boats, Sonar, Satellites, Submersibles

Any useful sediment deposits?...

Energy Resources:1. Oil

2. Natural Gas

3. Gas Hydrates• Water + Natural Gas!

Most useful!

Other Ocean Resources…

• Sand & Gravel– 2nd Most Important Economic Industry

STUDY GUIDE Review Contest!

1. Break into assigned teams

2. 30 min to work together to EACH complete the study guide.

3. Write answers in complete sentences.

4. Everyone must have a copy.

Research Phase (10pts)

Competition Phase…

Competition PhaseWrite your team number and all your names

on a sheet of paper for keeping score.

1. Whiteboards.

2. Choose a writer.

3. Write answers clearly, completely

4. Work quietly…because…– 1st = 4 extra credit points on test!– 2nd = 3 pts– 3rd = 2 pts

NO TIES FOR 1st or 2nd!