Бүлээн асфальт технологийн хүрээнд Монгол улсын авто замын нөхцөлд тохирсон Полимерээр сайжруулсан асфальтын нэмэлт бодисыг гаргаж

авах ажлын өрнөл

1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

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Yongjoo Kim, Ph. D.Senior Researcher

SOC Research InstituteHighway Research Division

Korea Institute of Construction Technology

2013. 3. 6

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Агуулга1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

1.Asphalt Pavement

2.Polymer-Modified Asphalt Pavement

3.Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology

4.Reasons of Early Failures in Mongolian Road

5.Development of Warm Polymer-Modified Asphalt for Mongolian Road

6.Conclusions

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History of KICT Activity in Mongolia1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

(2012. March) Met Mr. Batjargal (ESTO) at World of Asphalt

(2012. April) Technical consulting of reasons why early distresses were occurred in South Gobi road

(2012. August) KICT-MoR and KICT-MRA MOU

Mr. Onon visited KICT

(2012. September) built field trials of Warm polymer-modifier asphalt pavement in South Gobi road and Ulaanbaatar

(2012. November) Participation of technical seminar to introduce warm polymer-modified asphalt technology

(2012. December) Technical training for researchers and engineers of MRT, MRA, UB, ESTO.

(2013. February) Meeting with MRT, MRA, UB, ESTO to discuss about new technology of warm polymer-modified asphalt pavement

(2013. March) Participation of Mongolia Road Expo& Conference

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1. Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) Pavement 1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) is a combination of approximately 95% stone, sand, or gravel bound together by 5% bitumen.

Bitumen is heated and mixed with the heated aggregate at an HMA facility

The asphalt mixture is placed and then compacted using a heavy roller, which is driven over the asphalt pavement.

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Classification of Asphalt Pavement by Materials 1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

Type of asphalt pavements can be classified by combination of aggregate, bitumen and additives

Dense-Graded Asphalt Pavement

Polymer-Modified Asphalt Pavement

Crumb Rubber Asphalt Pavement

Stone Mastic Asphalt Pavement

Porous Asphalt Pavement

Recycling Asphalt Pavement

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Classification of Asphalt Pavement by Temperature Criteria

200°C

180°C

160°C

140°C

120°C

100°C

80°C

60°C

40°C

20°C

200°C

180°C

160°C

140°C

120°C

100°C

80°C

60°C

40°C

20°C

200°C

180°C

160°C

140°C

120°C

100°C

80°C

60°C

40°C

20°C

Producing

CompactingProducing

Compacting

Producing & Compacting

Technology Trend = Lower Temperatures

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Key Factors of Building Good Pavement 1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

Material Selection

High quality and consistent materials should be selected by standard specification.

Mix Design

Design Aggregate StructureDesign Aggregate Structure

Design Binder ContentDesign Binder Content

Laboratory mix design and performance test should be conducted at well equipped laboratory.

Production Construction

Paving and compacting process should be proceed with proper temperature.

Mixing and producing temperatures should be controlled accurately at asphalt plant.

If you want to build good pavement, you should consider the following four key factors.

Bitumen & AggregateBitumen & Aggregate

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2. Polymer-Modified Asphalt Pavement1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

Polymer-Modified Asphalt

AggregateAggregate

Bitumen Polymer

+ +

Aggregate

Polymer-Modified Asphalt Mixture

=

Polymer-Modified Asphalt

Polymer-Modified Asphalt

Polymer

Bitumen

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Plastic Deformation (Rutting)

Low Temperature Cracking

Role of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Pavement

1) Improve resistance to rutting

2) Reduce fatigue cracking

3) Mitigate thermal cracking

4) Resist top-down cracking

PMA Pavement lead to

Heavy Traffic Condition Cold Weather Condition

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Benefit of Polymer-Modified Asphalt

00 1010 2020 3030 4040 5050 6060-10-10-20-20-30-30-40-40 7070 8080

PG 58-28

PG 70-34

Unmodified Bitumen

Polymer-Modified Bitumen

This is The benefit of the

Polymer

Temperature ºCTemperature ºC

-50-50

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Improvement of Bitumen Adhesion

Polymer-Modified Asphalt

Unmodified Bitumen

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Producing Methods of PMA Mixture

PolymerPolymer

Straight AsphaltStraight Asphalt

Mixing

Transfer

Straight AsphaltStraight Asphalt

Transfer

AggregateAggregate

PolymerPolymerAggregateAggregate

Pre-Mixed Type Plant-Mixed Type

Advantage

Suitable for large amount of production

Stable quality

No need storage tank No need high shear mixer Suitable for Small and large amount

production No thermal aging

Disadvantage

Phase separation High shear mixer needed Storage tank needed Thermal aging during high temp.

storage

Sensitive to operating condition

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3. Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

180°C

160°C

140°C

120°C

100°C

80°C

ProductionTemperature

ConstructionTemperature

ProductionTemperature

ConstructionTemperature

180°C

160°C

140°C

120°C

100°C

80°C

Hot-Mix Asphalt Pavement Warm-Mix Asphalt Pavement

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1. Saving Energy2. Reducing Emissions3. Less Oxidation

Producing Process

1. Better workability and compactability

2. Extending Constriction Period3. Reducing Traffic Opening Time

Paving Construction

By Decreased Production, and Compaction Temperatures,We can have many benefits

WARM WARM

HOT HOT

Benefits of Warm-Mix Asphalt

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In 2009, the Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT) and Kumho Petrochemical, Ltd. developed a new warm-mix asphalt technology.

Named “Low Energy and Low Carbon-Dioxide Asphalt Pavement (LEADCAP)”

LEADCAP is an additive of a wax-based composition including a crystal controller and an adhesion promoter.

Easy to reduce viscosity of bitumen to compact at warm temperature

Improve moisture susceptibility and stripping resistance between aggregate and bitumen

LEADCAP WMA Technology

LEADCAP-B (Base)

LEADCAP-M (Modified)

LEADCAP-A(Advanced)

LEADCAP Family

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Improvement of Rutting Resistance

To evaluate rutting potential of LEADCAP WMA mixtures at wet condition, the mobile moving load simulator (MMLS3) test was conducted at wet condition at 40˚C

LEADCAP WMA mixture would be more resistance to rutting than HMA mixture.

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Improvement of Stripping Resistance

WMA-LEADCAP HMABefore After

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2nd Field Trial

1st Field Trial

LEADCAP WMA pavement achieved a comparable air void as the control HMA pavement section

Improvement of Compactability at Warm Temperature

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LEADCAP WMA Pavement5 hrs 20 min

HMA Pavement7 hrs 30 min

Tem

pera

ture

(C

)

Time (min)

Reducing Traffic Opening Time

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2010.9 2010.11

2011.9

2011.92010.12

2011.82012.72012.9

2012.8

2012.9

Field Experiences in Foreign Counties

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4. Reasons of Early Failures in Mongolian Road 1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

Early Failures

Traffic LoadingTraffic Loading Environment Loading

Inappropriate Materials Inappropriate Materials Quality Control &Quality Assurance

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Problem Statement of South Gobi Road 1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

Heavy Traffic

No QA/QC

Cold Weather Early Failure after1 year Service Life

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Problem Statement of Ulaanbaatar City Road

Bad Smoothness

Stripping

No QA/QC

Thermal Crack

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5. Development of Warm Polymer-Modified Asphalt for Mongolian Road

1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

LEADCAP WMA additive

N2 Polymer N4 Polymer

Improve engineering properties

Improve workability Improve moisture

suceptibility Better compactability

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Ductility and Rotational Viscosity

7.9

25.2

29.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

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Stright Asphalt WMA PMA-N2 WMA PMA-N4

Du

cti

lity

(cm

)

Type of Asphalt Binder

2.8

1.91.7

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Stright Asphalt WMA PMA-N2 WMA PMA-N4

Rota

tion

al

vis

cosit

y

@ 1

35

ºC

(P

a.s

)

Type of Asphalt Binder

The ductility of WMA PMA-N2 and WMA PMA-N4 increases about 17.3cm to 21.9 ºC compared to straight asphalt.

It indicates that WMA PMA would be more flexible than straight asphalt at room temperature.

The rotational viscosity of WMA PMA-N2 and WMA PMA-N4 decreases about 0.9Pa.s to 1.1Pa.s compared to straight asphalt.

It is good indicator of effectiveness of WMA additive to reduce the viscosity of polymer-modified asphalt at 135 ºC

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PG & Crack Resistance at Low Temperature

Deformation (mm)

PG 58-28

PG 70-34

Unmodified Bitumen

WARM PMA

Bitumen

58

2834

70

Performance GradePerformance Grade

Low Temp.

High Temp.

Flexibility Flexibility

Cold Bending Test

① Unmodified Bitumen

② WARM PMA Bitumen

①

②

Why We Should Use Warm Polymer-Modified Asphalt in Mongolia

1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

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Traffic LoadingTraffic Loading Environment Loading Inappropriate Materials Inappropriate Materials Quality Control &Quality Assurance

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Field Trials of Warm PMA Pavement in Ulaanbaatar City Road

Condition Information

Weather Condition 2012.09 (Fall)

Mix Type 13mm Dense-Graded Asphalt

Additive Type-1 WMA(LEADCAP)

Additive Type-2 WPAM(PMA+LEADCAP0

Mixing Type Plant-mixed

Mixing Temperature140±5℃ (WMA)150±5℃ (WMA PMA)

Compaction Temperature

130±5℃ (WMA)140±5℃ (WMA PMA)

HMA WMA WMA PMA

Gmm (g/ ㎤ ) 2.388 2.443 2.437

Core Density

(g/ ㎤ )2.344 2.341 2.382

Air Voids (%) 1.8 4.1 2.5

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Field Trials of Warm PMA Pavement in South Gobi Road

HMA WMAPMA-1 PWMA-2

Gmm (g/ ㎤ ) 2.505 2.492 2.499

Core Density

(g/ ㎤ )2.267 2.295 2.305

Air Voids (%) 9.5 7.9 7.8

Condition Information

Weather Condition 2012.09 (Fall)

Mix Type 19mm Dense-Graded Asphalt

Additive Type-1 WMA PMA-1

Additive Type-2 WMA PMA-2

Mixing Type with LEADCAP Plant-mixed

Mixing Temp.150±5 (WMA PMA-1)℃155±5 (WMA PMA-2)℃

Compaction Temp.140±5 (WMA PMA-1)℃145±5 (WMA PMA-2)℃

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Quality Control with KICT Researcher1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

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Everyone is Happy because of Warm PMA Pavement

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Training and Technical Know-How Transfer 1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

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6. Conclusions1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

1. Due to the heavy traffic and severe weather condition, early distresses, such as cracks, rutting, potholes and stripping have occurred from Mongolian pavements.

2. In order to enhance crack and rutting resistances and improve paving quality control, warm polymer modified asphalt pavement is selected to reduce rutting at high temperature and cracking at low temperature and reduce the mixing and compacting temperatures. As a result, it provides better compaction on the road and the ability to haul paving mix for longer distances.

3. The WMA PMA is suitable to Mongolian roads in order to improve rutting and crack resistance at high and low temperatures

4. The WMA PMA field trials were successfully completed in South Gobi road and Ulaanbaatar.

5. Field experiences confirmed that warm PMA is effective to producing and compacting mixtures at temperature of 20°C lower than HMA mixture

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‘NOTHING’ is not an option

1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference

Warm Polymer-modified asphalt pavement will lead to improve road condition in Mongolia

Thank YouThank YouБаярлалааБаярлалаа

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1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference