war photographer. what kind of person… will go somewhere dangerous and life-threatening, knowing...
TRANSCRIPT
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War Photographer
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What kind of person…
Will go somewhere dangerous and life-threatening, knowing they might die?
Will purposefully do a job that could kill them?
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The photos we see in Sunday supplements, adorning posters or
headlines, are taken by real people. These people place their lives in danger, to help us visualise the
horrors of war elsewhere; wars not on our doorstep.
These people are War Photographers.
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Falling soldier, Spanish Civil War
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Vietnam War
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Vietnam
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Iraq, 2005
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Iran, 1979
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War Photographer
• The poem comes from Duffy’s friendship with Don McCullin and Philip Jones Griffiths, two well-respected stills photographers who specialised in war photography.
• Duffy is fascinated by what makes someone do such a job and how they feel about being in situations where a choice often has to be made between recording horrific events, and helping.
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Reading the poem
Structure & Form
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In his darkroom he is finally alonewith spools of suffering set out in ordered rows. The only light is red and softly glows,as though this were a church and hea priest preparing to atone a Mass.Belfast. Beirut. Phnom Penh. All flesh is grass.
Make notes on the structure of the first verse
Is this continued throughout? Why?
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Structure
• 4 stanzas• 6 lines per stanza• Regular rhyme scheme – ABBCDD, etc.
WHY?• Imposes order in the chaos of war• Like the photographer – order with the
photos, making sense of the chaos
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In his darkroom he is finally alone
with spools of suffering set out in ordered rows.
The only light is red and softly glows,
as though this were a church and he
a priest preparing to atone a Mass.
Belfast. Beirut. Phnom Penh. All flesh is grass.
Sibilance – what is the effect? What are
the connotations of the colours?
1. regularity/order – reflects structure
2. Suggestion of graves/bodies
Litany of horror; what is the effect of the caesura? Isaiah 40:6 –
shortness of life
Simile – reverence and devotion to the pictures
Contrast to what?
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He has a job to do. Solutions slop in trays
beneath his hands which do not tremble then
though seem to now. Rural England. Home again
to ordinary pain which simple weather can dispel,
to fields which don’t explode beneath the feet
of running children in nightmare heat.
Ambiguity – chemicals/solutions to war Implies
carelessness
Why did they not tremble then? Why now?
True meaning to the poem - contrast
Cannot compare to pain of war
Contrast: barefoot children running in grass for fun/those running from war – end of innocence and, possibly, life.
Suggests idyllic life
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Something is happening. A stranger’s features
faintly start to twist before his eyes,
a half-formed ghost. He remembers the cries
of this man’s wife, how he sought approval
Without words to do what someone must
and how the blood stained into foreign dust.
Ambiguous: Literal – developing the photo. Figurative – person in pain
Metaphor – 1. image on photo, 2. death
Photographer’s dilemma – has a job to do.
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A hundred agonies in black-and-white
from which his editor will pick out five or six
for Sunday’s supplement. The reader’s eyeballs prick
with tears between the bath and pre-lunch beers.
From the aeroplane he stares impassively at where
He earns his living and they do not care.
1. Photo
2. Good/evil
3. Truth/lies
Chooses photos to suit the article; don’t convey the full horror of war
Trivialises; we are only moved momentarily
Who are they?
Suggests they are used for entertainment
Contrast to war zone
En route to another assignment; poem is cyclical; unceasing wars
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=srVoCfvS_1Q
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FOCUS ON IMAGERY:
In the exam you will be expected to be able to use quotations and explain
them in detail in order to show you analysis of them.
Use the PEE method for this.
For example: How does Duffy try to make us relate to overseas conflicts?
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Point
It can be difficult for us to relate to suffering in faraway countries - to
make us experience anger and guilt at these events, Duffy uses
disturbing and powerful imagery to conjure a vivid picture of horrors
we would rather not think about or see. She says...
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Evidence to support
'Fields which don't explode beneath the feet Of running children in a
nightmare heat.
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Explanation/Analysis
This image is effective because we would normally think of 'running children' in 'fields' as an image of fun. We also associate children with innocence, and the idea of them being hurt brings out our protective instincts. Duffy does not tell us what these children are running from, some kind of 'nightmare heat', leaving it up to us to imagine our worst fears.
In effect, this image is what happened before the images we have all seen on our TV's of children badly burnt, without legs or arms. We know while they are 'running' what will happen to them.
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FOCUS ON IMAGERY:
In small groups, select one of the following and create a short analytical paragraph, applying the PEE principle. Maximum 10 minutes.
“how the blood stained into foreign dust”
“a hundred agonies in black-and-white”
“A stranger’s features faintly start to twist before his eyes, a half-formed ghost.”
“The reader’s eyeballs prick/ with tears between the bath and pre-lunch beers”