Pre f ace

Chapter 1

Cb""-pter 2

CONTENTS

I N T ROD U C T ION

CONCEPT OF WAGES

Wages and salary - 16

statutory Definitions - 22

Wages Under the Paymentof Wages Act 1936 - 23

wages Under the Indus­trial Disputes Act 1947- 36

Definition of Wagesunder Other Enactments ~ 39

..

pages

i-iv

1-13

14-44

Chapter 3

Uniform Definition

COMPONENTS OF WAGES

- 40

45-89

~asic Wage - 45

Dearness Allowance - 48

Standard of Living andCost of Living - 50

Neutralisation byDearness Allowance - 56

Inflationary spiral - 57

Duty to share sacrifice- 62

vi

Dearness AllowanceFormula

Flat Rate System

- 63

- 64

Page,

Chapter 4

Wage linked slab system- 65

value Per Index Pointsystem - 71

Same Dearness Allowancefor same Wages? - 74

capacity of Employerto pay - 79

Monetary value ofbenefits. - 82

Merger of DearnessAllowance with Pay - 85

WAGE POLICY IN A WELFARE STATE

Social Justice in India- 92

Labour policy in India - 97

Labour poli~y After theFirst World War - 98

Labour policy After theSecond World War - 99

New Phase Towards aWelfare State -101

Industrial TruceResolution 1947 -102

Industrial policyResolution 1948 -103

Industrial policyResolution 1956 -105

90-10

vii

Pages

Chapter 5 WAGE POLICY AND THE FIVE YEAR PLANS 108-132

First Five Year Plan(1951-56 ) - 108

Second Five Year Plan(1956-61) 112

Third Five Year Plan(1961-66 ) - 115

Annual Plans (1966-68 ) - 117

Fourth Five Year Plan(1969-74 ) - 117

Fifth Five Year Plan(1974-79 ) - 118

Sixth Five Year Plan(1980-85) - 121

Seventh Five Year Plan(1986-90) - 121

Five Year Plans AnEvaluation - 122

Chapter 6 PROTECTION OF WAGES ,1 33- 1 5 5

Legislative Measures - 134

Payment of Wages Act 1936-. 135

Implementation Machinery - 149

Chapter 7 MINIMUM WAGE FIXATION . 156-20E.Historical Background - 156

Min~um Wage Legislationin India - 164

Minimum Wages Act 1948 - 166

:hapter 8

viii

Minimum Wage Fixation:Procedure - 168

Drawbacks in the Imple-mentation of the Act - 174

Non-statutory MinimumWage - 184

Need Based Minimum Wage - 188

STANDARD OF LIVING AND EFFICIENCYOF L,i\BOUR

Pages

: 209-229

Standard of Living - 212

Chapter 9

Factors Governing standardof Living - 213

Index Numbers - 215

The Need to Raisestandard of Living - 218

Measures to Raisestandard of Living - 223

FOUNDATIONS OF WAGE FIXING : 230-254

Financial Capacity toPay wages - 231

Financial capacity of AllIndustries in the Country- 233

Financial ~apacity of aParticular Industry - 234

Financial Capacity of anEmployer - 238

Financial Capacity ofa Unit - 239

ixPages

Ascertaining thecapacity to Pay - 240

The Industry-cum-RegionFormula - 243

Relaxation of thePrinciples of Industry-cum-Region - 251

Chapter 10 WAGE SETTLEMENT THROUGH COLLECTIVEBARGAINING 255-287

Historical Background - 256

Collective Bargaining - 259

Significance of CollectiveBargaining - 266

Collective Bargainingof Wages in India - 271

views of the Nationalcorrunission on Labour - 282

View of the Planningcorrunission - 284

Chapter 11 WAGE DETERMINA TION THROUGHCONCILIATION AND VOLUNTARYARBITRATION. . 288-311•

The statutory Machineryof Conciliation - 289

Effectiveness of themachinery - 294

Conciliation . Approach.in wage Disputes - 298

Voluntary Arbitration - 305

x

Pages

Chapter 12 WAGE DETERMINATION BY WAGE BOARDS 312-355

Historical Background - 312

Characteristics of theWage Boards - 318

Application of VariousPrinciples - 322

Defects in the system - 341

wage Board . SUitability - 348.

Chapter 13 ADJUDICATION OF WAGES 356-377

Compulsory Adjudicationin India - 358

Adjudication . Scope - 360.

Chapter 14 CONCLUSION

APPENDIX

TABLE OF CAS ES

TABLE OF STATUTES

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

··

··:

: 378-394

: 395-402

: 403-411

: 412 -413

: 414 -426