Vypracovala: Mgr. Silvie ReitharováVypracovala: Mgr. Silvie Reitharová

Great Britain II

The Political System of Great The Political System of Great BritainBritain

In every country In every country political power can be political power can be divided into three parts divided into three parts

in Great Britain:in Great Britain: the the legislativelegislative power is power is

represented by:represented by: the the ParliamentParliament the the executiveexecutive power is power is

represented by:represented by: thethe Government Government lead lead

by the by the Prime MinisterPrime Minister the the judicialjudicial power is power is

represented by:represented by: The The Supreme CourtSupreme Court

The The PARLIAMENTPARLIAMENT

The Parliament consists of three The Parliament consists of three partsparts

I) I) the sovereignthe sovereign Today the Today the sovereignsovereign’s role is mostly ’s role is mostly

formalformal II) II) The House of LordsThe House of Lords The The membersmembers are called are called peerspeers They are not They are not elected elected by people, they by people, they

are named by the sovereign are named by the sovereign There are There are hereditaryhereditary and life peers and life peers III) III) the House of Commonsthe House of Commons The main The main law-makinglaw-making body of GB body of GB The members are elected every five The members are elected every five

yearsyears

TheThe GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

A general A general elections elections must be held must be held every five years ( or more every five years ( or more frequently)frequently)

The party which wins The party which wins formsforms the the Government and her Government and her leaderleader becomesbecomes the the Prime MinisterPrime Minister

The party which is the second The party which is the second forms the forms the oppositionopposition

Tony BlairTony Blair has been the Prime has been the Prime Minister of Great Britain for Minister of Great Britain for the second the second termterm

The main political parties in The main political parties in Britain are The Britain are The Conservative Conservative Party and the Party and the LabourLabour party party

Whitehall - the seat of the government

The Royal FamilyThe Royal FamilyHer Majesty Queen Elizabeth IHer Majesty Queen Elizabeth III is the is the officialofficial head ofhead of the countrythe country She was born on 23She was born on 23rdrd April 1926 April 1926Her “surname” is Her “surname” is WindsorWindsorThe name of the dynasty is not oldThe name of the dynasty is not oldit it used to beused to be long and German (Saxon- long and German (Saxon-Coburgh-Ghotta)Coburgh-Ghotta) but but duringduring the World War I it was the World War I it was changed to English name Windsorchanged to English name Windsor The Queen is a hard working ladyThe Queen is a hard working ladyEvery day of her life is planned in details, Every day of her life is planned in details, her life isn’t easy at allher life isn’t easy at allHer biggest hobbies are dogs and horsesHer biggest hobbies are dogs and horsesShe also loves all her family, especially She also loves all her family, especially her grandchildrenher grandchildren

The QueenThe Queen

Elizabeth has been the Queen for Elizabeth has been the Queen for quite a long timequite a long time

Her father King George VI died in 1952Her father King George VI died in 1952 Elizabeth was a young Princess, Elizabeth was a young Princess, she she

was only 26 when she had to was only 26 when she had to become the Queenbecome the Queen

She She was crownedwas crowned in Westminster in Westminster Abbey in February 1953Abbey in February 1953

Her mother, Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Her mother, Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon was born in 1900 and died in Lyon was born in 1900 and died in 2002 2002

They called her They called her Queen MotherQueen Mother or or simply Queen Mum and she was the simply Queen Mum and she was the most favourite member of the Royal most favourite member of the Royal FamilyFamily

The QueenQueen

Mother

The Queen and her The Queen and her familyfamily

In 1947 Elizabeth married In 1947 Elizabeth married Prince Prince Philip Mountbatten Philip Mountbatten

They have four childrenThey have four children

Prince Charles was born in 1948Prince Charles was born in 1948

Princess Ann was born in 1950Princess Ann was born in 1950

Prince Andrew was born in 1960Prince Andrew was born in 1960

Prince Edward was born in 1964Prince Edward was born in 1964Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh

Prince Charles, the Prince of Wales

Princess Ann

Prince Andrew, the Duke of York

Prince Edward, the Duke of Wessex

The The heirsheirs to the throne to the thronePrince Charles is the next to the Prince Charles is the next to the thronethrone

In 1981 he married In 1981 he married Lady Diana SpencerLady Diana Spencer and they had two sonsand they had two sons

Prince William, the Prince of WalesPrince William, the Prince of Wales - - born in 1982born in 1982

Prince HenryPrince Henry – born in 1984 – born in 1984

They are the next They are the next ancestorsancestors to the crown to the crown after their fatherafter their father

In 2005 Charles married for the second In 2005 Charles married for the second time, he married time, he married Lady Camilla Parker-Lady Camilla Parker-BowlesBowles

Charles and Camilla

Prince William

Prince Henry

The School SystemThe School System The school year is divided into The school year is divided into

three three termstermsPupilsPupils and students have to and students have to wear wear uniforms uniforms A lot of children and young A lot of children and young people study at people study at boarding schoolsboarding schools where they where they spendspend most of their most of their childhoodchildhood and and youthyouthThey only come home on holidays They only come home on holidays (especially in summer)(especially in summer)Schools organize all parts of their Schools organize all parts of their students´ life.Not only the students´ life.Not only the educationeducation but also their but also their hobbies and hobbies and leisure timeleisure time activitiesactivities

School School attandanceattandance is is compulsorycompulsory at the at the ageage of 5 of 5 to 16to 16

At the age of 5 children start At the age of 5 children start their education at their education at elemantaryelemantary schools schools

At the age of 11 or 12 At the age of 11 or 12 everybody starts their everybody starts their education at education at secondary secondary schoolschool

Schools are mostly Schools are mostly statestate but but there are also there are also PUBLIC PUBLIC schoolsschools which are which are private.They are often private.They are often boarding and boarding and single-sexedsingle-sexed

The most famous public The most famous public shools are shools are for examplefor example Eaton, Harrow and RuggbyEaton, Harrow and Ruggby

At the age of 16 everybody At the age of 16 everybody takes an takes an examexam called called GCSEGCSE--general general certificatecertificate of of secondary education.secondary education.It is also called It is also called O-lO-levelevelIt is the It is the simpliestsimpliest wayway how to how to finish one´s educationfinish one´s educationHowever you are not quallified However you are not quallified at allat all if you leave school after if you leave school after passingpassing this exam! this exam!Most students Most students continuecontinue their their studies for next two or three studies for next two or three years and then they pass years and then they pass other kinds of exams, other kinds of exams, especially A- level and AS-especially A- level and AS-levellevel

There are There are severalseveral good universities good universities in Englandin England

For studying at most of them you For studying at most of them you only need to only need to passpass A-level or AS- A-level or AS-level and you don´t have to pass level and you don´t have to pass any any entrance examsentrance exams

Only for studying at the best Only for studying at the best universities – Oxford and universities – Oxford and Cambridge you need moreCambridge you need more

You have to be a very good student You have to be a very good student at secondary school, you have to at secondary school, you have to pass AS-level very well and you pass AS-level very well and you have to pass some entrance exams have to pass some entrance exams and some entrance interviewsand some entrance interviews

To get to those universities isn´t To get to those universities isn´t easy and to study there is very easy and to study there is very hard and expensive (if you are not hard and expensive (if you are not able to get some kind of a able to get some kind of a scholarshipscholarship) )

However to be However to be a gratuatea gratuate of of Oxbridge is the best Oxbridge is the best recommendationrecommendation for any for any employeremployer in the world!in the world!