VOLUME 15, ISSUE 1 OLINMUN 2018 FEBRUARY 23RD 2018

Mariana Sánchez, Natalia Valdivia , Ana López and Sophia Prieto performing a musical number

“LOVE AND COMPASSION ARE NECESSITIES, NOT LUXURIES”

XV OLIN-NEWS

By Salvador Alfaro Anaya

The 15th edition of OlinMUN took place the 23rd and 24th of February, 2018. We had the opportunity to have debaters from 17 different schools including Olinca.Our General Director and Founder, María Teresa Compeán de Carrera, after welcoming everyone, talked about how all of us are responsible for making our world a better and more humane place and how important it is to debate these transcendental topics because they are topics that affect every human being. She also mentioned how difficult it is to find a solution. She then recognized delegates and teachers for all the hard and excellent work shown in the preparation of this Model. She ended with a very touching phrase: “One family mankind, one home the Earth.”Afterwards, the keynote speaker, Dr. Rafael De Hoyos, talked about the poverty and inequality in Mexico and explained his job in the World Bank as one that creates the link between the country we have and the country we want. He talked about how we as citizens have a great responsibility in eradicating poverty and that

half of Mexico’s economy is held by 1% of the population. He finished with a great quote from Obama saying that we are all one and that we should care for each other.Our Secretary General Diego Mayén Bosch spoke about how important OlinMUN has been for him and the wonderful experiences he has had since he was a young delegate. He spoke from the heart and gave his Under Secretaries, Oscar Luna and Viviana González, the opportunity to address the audience and speak about the great experience OlinMUN is.

Miss Ma. Fernanda Carrera Compeán, Guest Speaker Mr. Rafael E. De Hoyos and Miss Ma. Teresa Compeán de Carrera

- DALAI LAMA

VOLUME 15, ISSUE 1 OLINMUN 2018 PAGE 2

INSIDE OLINMUN

Secretary General, Diego Mayén Bosch

By Pablo Tamariz Carrera

OLINMUN 2018 Secretary General Diego Mayén Bosch was interviewed this week.

What was it like being selected as the Secretary General for OLINMUN 2018?

“It was a moment of absolute happiness as it was a dream for me since I started debating in OLINMUN. Therefore, when I heard my name (as Secretary General) at the Closing Ceremony, I was thrilled about it.”

How did you prepare for OLINMUN this year?

“I have always maintained a very diplomatic position when it comes to making decisions and made sure Oscar and Viviana (Under Secretaries) agreed as well. Also, I invested a lot of hours in the planning and preparation of our staff and delegates.”

What do you think this experience is like for students who participate in OLINMUN?

“I believe it is the biggest event in Olinca as it gives the opportunity for students to grow as people. It teaches you leadership, argumentation skills, responsibility, ethical consciousness and not giving ground to your opponent but at the same time having an open mind towards your opponent´s decisions and ideas in order to get the best resolution possible.”

What is new in OLINMUN 2018?

“The Hospitality Committee whose purpose is to make the visiting schools feel welcome and more at home. Secondly, the addition of three new committees including the OEA (Organización de los Estados Americanos). And last but not least, OlinMUN 2018 broke the record for most participating delegates ever!”

Interview with: Diego Mayén Bosch Secretary General

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Interview with: Miss Maritere Carrera de Verduzco and Miss Ana Gloria Echevarría

By Natalia Rodríguez Salazar

What is your opinion about the topics being discussed in this OlinMUN?

M.T.: “I think the topics are well-planned. We have

been working on the academics for a long, long time and we have had special help, especially from Daniela Sandoval who is an expert. She is a former Secretary General and she has been a delegate many times. She is as well an IR major, has already graduated from UNAM as an International Relations major. To sum up, she knows what she is talking about.”

If you had the chance to be a delegate in OlinMUN, which committee would you be interested in being part of?

M.T.: “Historical Security Council for sure. I love the

cases being discussed in that committee; to me they are ridiculously amazing! The committee that I would choose in last place is Atomic Energy. It is definitely not me, I would probably end up like Robert Oppenheimer abusing atomic energy.”

Do you think the delegates are prepared enough to at-tend such an important event as representatives of a country?

A.E.: “I think that delegates are doing their best.

Some of them maybe are not 100% prepared or are not as fluent in terms of language and com-munication as others, but I think that all of them are doing their best. They are all commit-

tedtothe tasks given and proudly represent their schools.”

In general, what is the part that you enjoy the most about being such an important element of OlinMUN?

A.E.:"The part that I enjoy the most is seeing them debating and the way they behave while they are debating and the knowledge they show towards the topic is incredible. I think that they are great.”

The Press Corps thanks Miss Maritere and Miss Ana Gloria for the time gi-ven in this interview. We know they are both very busy.

Miss Ana Gloria Echevarría and Miss María Teresa Carrera de Verduzco

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AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL

By Pablo De la Fuente Parres Quintero

1.- What is Amnesty International?“It is the largest non-governmental human rights organization. There are more than 7 million volunteers in over 180 countries.” 2.-I heard about a journalist being unjustly imprisoned. Can you tell me more about this case? How is Amnesty International helping?“Unfortunately, around the world, journalists are targets of threat, intimidation, disappearance and extrajudicial execution. Her name is Elena Milashina and all her coworkers are under threats. On April 1st the Novaya Gazeta published an article that reported that over 100 men, believed to be homosexual, were abducted in Chechnya and following this report, the journalist from this newspaper has been under threat so we are asking the Russian government to investigate these threats and to allow journalists to have freedom of expression and freedom of assembly.We are also asking the Russian Federation to abide by article 144 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation regarding `the obstruction of lawful professional activities by journalists.´This is the request we are making to Mr. Alexander Ivanovich, Head of the Investigation Committee.”3.-As a young person, how can I get involved with Amnesty International?“All you need to do is to agree with our mandate and our peaceful means. We fight for humans rights; we promote human rights; always in nonviolent ways. To sum up, all you have to do is agree with us and join us at whatever time you want because we are volunteers available at all times to help.”4.- Despite not always getting what you are fighting for, what keeps you motivated? “Human rights is a way of life, one has to decide how to live. Human rights are to be enjoyed by everybody in the world as they are entitled, as opposed to saying: “Oh, I thought it was too difficult.”

Miss Marina Krauss Cosío, Valentina Espinosa Aderman, Ivanna Reyes Osorio, Eva Savage and Ricardo Picazo Macías

Interview with: Miss Marina Krauss Cosío

Eva Savage, Valentina Espinosa Aderman and a concerned pa-rent, Mrs. Guadalupe Borja, discussing Amnesty’s causes

IAEA: EURATOM CRISISVOLUME 15, ISSUE 1 OLINMUN 2018 PAGE 5

IAEA fighting for the regulation of nuclear energy

SC members debating on the influence of ISIS in the Syrian conflict

By Hilda González CoutiñoThe International Atomic Energy Agency was created in 1957 with the purpose of promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy and, of course, inhibiting its use for the creation of nuclear weapons and for any military use in general.

This committee was created as a reaction to the discovery of nuclear technology as well as its diverse uses. The Agency’s genesis was U.S. President Eisenhower’s “Atoms for Peace” speech to the General Assembly of the U.N. on December 8th, 1953 (IAEA website, 2018). The topic discussed was “United Kingdom’s Agenda to Withdraw from the Euratom Treaty”. The nations who were most involved and most participated in this discussion were the United States of America, United Kingdom, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) and the Russian Federation. As the UK left the European Union, the members of the Euratom are worried about the possible negative impacts that this may have in the fields of medicine, civil nuclear industry and the electricity used by the population. The delegate from the UK suggested making treaties to import and export uranium with as many countries as possible instead of only via Euratom, and most delegations agreed.

By Tania Flores Pineda

The UN Security Council was created in 1945 and their primary responsibility is the maintenance of international peace and security. There are 15 members. There are five permanent members that received the name of the Arctic Five: China, France, The Russian Federation, United Kingdom and The United States of America (Security Council Official Website, 2018). With the rapid melting of ice in the Arctic region, the zone is becoming more accessible to the exploitation of natural resources. The countries taking part in this territorial dispute have started to slowly militarize the region and this has rapidly grown in the last decade. Without any diplomatic resolution, the current debate over the Arctic could turn into a violent confrontation. The main issues discussed today were the division of the Arctic by the Arctic Five members and also making the central part of the Arctic a UN World Heritage site.

The countries most involved in this topic are the Arctic Five and Canada, Norway and Denmark, due to the fact that they are the main countries rushing to exploit the resources in the Arctic Zone.

The militarization of the Arctic has been an issue for many years and now this committee is willing to find a conclusion to stop it.

SC: THE ARCTIC ZONE MUST BE SAVED

WHO: FIGHTING DISEASE IN TIMES OF WARVOLUME 15, ISSUE 1 OLINMUN 2018 PAGE 6

Catalonia fighting for their independence

WHO delegates delivering the first proposal for resolution

By Pablo Tamariz Carrera

WHO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health. It was established in 1948 and headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. The cholera epidemic in Yemen has become the largest and fastest-spreading outbreak of the disease in modern history, with a million cases expected by the end of the year and at least 600,000 children likely to be affected. The World Health Organization has reported more than 815,000 suspected cases of the disease in Yemen and 2,156 deaths. About 4,000 suspected cases are being reported daily (The Guardian, 2017). Due to the war between the Saudi and the Houthi rebels, today there is a crisis that caused the sanitation workers whose salaries had gone unpaid to go on strike. This meant garbage was left in the streets, which was then washed into the water supply. 19.3 million Yemenis do not have access to clean    

water and sanitation. The main problem debated in this committee is whether countries like Saudi Ara-bia and Iran, who have had issues between them, are willing to cooperate and eradicate cholera in Yemen, and to encourage countries like Germany and the United States to share their high tech medical sup-plies and transport as well. The delegate from South Africa proposed a ceasefire of armed conflict in Ye-men for 24 hours in order for the supplies to arrive safely and be distributed to the people in need.

By Alberto Jarillo Romo

For the second year, students participated in the Emergency Crisis Committee where they discussed topics regarding security measures, which are revealed the exact day of the debate. Delegates base their arguments on their previous knowledge of countries’ positions and worldwide crises. The crisis which opened the discussion involved the bombing carried out by the Turkish over Syrian Kurdish controlled territory leaving 1000 casualties. The committee came to the agreement that the Democratic Federation of Northern Syria should not retaliate against this aggression in order to stop the violence between both countries. Notwithstanding, both countries will have to pay an economic fine in order to fix the damages caused. Afterwards, the discussion changed its direction since a new crisis was given to the committee.

The second crisis left the ultimate decision up to delegates as they had to decide whether Catalonia should have its independence or not. On October the 1st, a referendum was held in Catalonia in order to decide its independence. The Spanish Government declared the referendum illegal and resorted to violence in order to stop everything.

ECC: EMERGING CRISIS COMMITTEE

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A Judge from The ICJ defending Jadhav’s safety

By Montserrat Trejo Morales

The United Nations International Fund for Women started in 1947 with the aim of decreasing gender inequa l i ty through the promot ion o f the empowerment of women and legislations to prevent any form of violence or discrimination against

Delegates struggling for gender equality and against domestic violence

women. The delegates discussed the topic of the “Decriminalization of Domestic Violence in Russia”. On January 25th, 2017, the Russian president, Valdimir Putin, enacted a law decriminalizing domestic violence. This means that a law that considered violence towards women a criminal offense will no longer exist for first-time offenders. The main issue discussed was the involvement of domestic violence in traditions of countries such as Afghanistan and Pakistan. The delegate of Iraq defended human rights against all cultural traditions, while the delegations of Pakistan and Afghanistan established that these kinds of attitudes were due to the cultural traditions of the countries, and therefore had to be respected. The delegate of Iraq made a proposal to create a law that penalizes all kinds of violence, not just physical, which includes sexual aggressions, but also verbal. Most of the delegates agreed with this proposal and explored its viability.

By María Fernanda García Zendejas

The International Court of Justice started up as a completely impartial third-party and mediator of conf l i c t s w i th enough author i ty to mana ge international conflicts that could threaten world peace.The topic discussed in this trial was the Kulbhushan Jadhav case. Jadhav is an Indian citizen, who was sentenced to death by the Islamic Republic of Pakistan’s military court after being found guilty as a RAW agent and a terrorist. Although India hasn’t presented tangible proof that the confession video was edited or the defendant was tortured in order to confess, these are the grounds India has used to appeal this decision, as well as the fact that the Islamic Republic of Pakistan violated Article 36 of the Vienna Convention. A former RAW agent, who was presented as a witness, confirmed that he had worked with

Mr. Jadhav inside the RAW organization. A fake passport was also presented as evidence for Mr. Jadhav entering illegally 18 times to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Due to this, the jury concluded with the following verdict: Kulbhushan Jadhav was found guilty of espionage.

ICJ: THE KULBHUSHAN JADHAV CASE

UN WOMEN: NO MORE VIOLENCE!

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UNICEF: TAKING CARE OF CHILDREN OF WAR

UNICEF fighting against malnutrition in times of war

By: Alberto Jarillo Romo

The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund has addressed long-term needs of children in developing countries since its creation in 1946. It promotes the rights and well-being of children in more than 190 countries whether they are affected by natural disasters, humanitarian crises or emergencies caused by mankind. In this session, the committee gave priority to “The Implementation of Feeding Programs for Children Affected in the Syrian War”. The conflict started in 2011 when the population rose up in arms to remove the government, demanding the surrender of the president Bashar al-Assad. As a consequence, 4 million people have left their hometowns seeking refuge from the increasing violence caused by the power struggle.

The committee came to the resolution that in order to help with the refugee crisis, countries like Iraq, Egypt and Turkey will continue giving out resources with the funding of world powers. This contribution will be added to the effort that countries have been making over the past 11 years.

OEA: PROBLEMAS HUMANITARIOS EN AMÉRICA

OEA discute la crisis política y humanitaria en Venezuela

Por Alfonsina Botello MolinaOEA (Organización de los Estados Americanos) creado en 1948 en Bogotá, Colombia, tiene como objetivo lograr en sus Estados Miembros paz, justicia, solidaridad, defensa de la so-beranía, integridad territorial e independencia.Se abrió sesión con el tema B: “Crisis Política y Humanitaria en Venezuela”, consecuencia del cambio ideológico y social que comenzó en 1992 con Hugo Chávez y que sigue vigente con Nicolás Maduro. La crisis se da después de que el go-bierno de Nicolás Maduro disolvió el parlamento y el Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ) asumió sus funciones. Esta acción fue catalogada como un “golpe de Estado”, que llevó a protes-tas civiles a favor y en contra del gobierno; muchas de las cua-les han terminado en actos violentos. Se han destacado las par-ticipaciones de las delegaciones de Panamá, Venezuela, Chile, Canadá y México, estos últimos tres argumentando estar a fa-vor de la intervención pacífica en Venezuela y del control de sus elecciones presidenciales. Se propusieron: intervenciones en Venezuela, implementación de un sistema de votación sin manipulación, la disolución de la Asamblea Nacional y la desti-tución de Nicolás Maduro;

soluciones que no fueron aceptadas por la delega-ción de Venezuela. Durante las sesiones ocurrió una crisis, dónde Venezuela había sido escenario de un golpe de estado fallido, dicha acción fue atribuida a Estados Unidos pero todas las delegaciones negaron su participación, lo que originó que se propusiera mandar el caso a Security Council.

HSC: KASHMIR REMAINS A CONFLICT

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GA: DEBATING FOR A SAFER WORLD

By Mariana Romero Raful

The purpose of the Historical Security Council is to discuss issues happening nowadays, but the topic is debated as if the participants were at the time when the problem arose; it is like a trip to the past. This means that the delegates can’t use resolutions that have already been made to solve the problem.

This committee addressed the issue of “The Territorial Dispute Between India and Pakistan for Kashmir”. At the end of the British occupation in 1947, both countries ended up being independent and Kashmir was left to choose whether to be part of one of these countries or to stay independent. In the same year the Prince of Kashmir decided to be considered part of India; however, the Pakistani government didn’t recognize it. Since then, India and Pakistan have been fighting over Kashmir.

The countries in the committee mainly defended Kashmir’s population due to the fact that they have been mistreated and discriminated against by India and Pakistan. As possible resolutions, the Soviet Union suggested letting Kashmir stay independent. On the other hand, Great Britain and the United States think that they are not capable of being independent and they suggest a plebiscite asking which country they want to be part of.

Delegates trying to come to agreements on territorial disputes

General Assembly fighting against female kidnappings

By Salvador Alfaro Anaya

The General Assembly Committee was founded in 1945 and its president is Miroslav Lajčák. In this OlinMUN, the first topic that was discussed was “Boko Haram's Female Kidnappings in Sub-Saharan Africa”. The countries affected by Boko Haram are: Togo, Cameroon, Chad and mainly Nigeria. The majority of the girls who are kidnapped by Boko Haram are raped, tortured and murdered. In the first sessions delegates discussed solutions for the girls who escaped from Boko Haram and how they would have to treat them to help them recover.Afterwards, delegates started focusing on finding a solution to end this problem. The Russian Federation along with China proposed sending an air strike to the headquarters of Boko Haram and end this once and for all, but all the African countries rejected this proposal and started to focus on peaceful resolutions.

Their argument is that Boko Haraman is spread all over the country and Nigeria does not have the economy to rebuild that infrastructure. After several sessions, the different delegations continued working on a solution viable for all parties involved.

As a conclusion, delegates found that the best way to eliminate this threat was by supporting the Nigerian government in every way.

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ECOSOC: RECIPE TO END POVERTY By: Pablo De la Fuente Parres Quintero

The Economic and Social Council was created in 1945. It is one of the six main organs of the United Nations.The first topic debated was the eradication of poverty by the year 2030.In recent years, poverty has decreased considerably and that has led experts to estimate that it will be non-existent by the year 2030. All delegations agreed that eradicating poverty must be considered a top priority. One of the topics that was most discussed was education. Switzerland proposed helping other countries by sharing its education programs that are one of the best in the world. Almost all delegates agreed that it was one of the most important solutions in the long run because loans wouldn’t help in eradicating it. Raising the minimum wages was also frequently mentioned. To make this possible some countries like Russia proposed creating treaties of free

trade to strengthen the economy. The United States made an interesting proposal based on an already existing program called Kiva. It consisted of making loans to entrepreneurs who didn’t have enough money to start a business.

All delegates trying to give solutions to the worst economic crisis in Venezuela

NATO: FIGHTING AGAINST TERRORISM

Delegates struggling to stop acts of terrorism

By Santiago Rodríguez MaldonadoNATO was founded on the 4th of April in 1949. The topic of this debate involved the measures required to fight organized terrorist groups.

This problem has exponentially grown in the last couple of years to the extent that almost

everybody is familiar with the names ISIS or Al Qae-da.

The session started with a proposition from the de-legation of Turkey stating that governments should develop recreational centers in order to discourage teenagers from joining these organizations, claiming they do so “out of boredom or idleness.” The propo-sition received significant backlash from the other delegations and was deemed irrelevant.

More powerful countries like Germany, Croatia and the United States of America proposed a treaty that would support any nation willing to pledge economic and military resources in order to create specialized elite forces to successfully counter any looming terrorist threat.

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Delegates addressing the topic of prison slavery

By Natalia Rodríguez Salazar

OHCHR (Human Rights) is in charge of representing the global idea of human dignity and stands for the protection of human rights around the world. The UN General Assembly first founded this committee in 2006, and its priorities are countering discrimination, integrating human rights, and widening the democratic space. The topic discussed this year is “21st Century Prison Slavery”. One of the major issues of African countries is the fact that people are emigrating to other counties and in the process these people are kidnapped and sold as merchandise to other counties such as China. The main topics from the debate are about making proposals in order to stop this slave trade and instead provide economical, educational and social aid to those countries that are vulnerable. Most of the countries agreed to new proposals, plans, and the creation of new laws, making alliances with

certain strategic countries as a resource for creating awareness and ending this problem. The delegate from the United States of America proposed giving economical support to African countries . China’s proposal was to provide educational aid to those countries that are willing to eradicate the problem.

OHCHR: AGAINST PRISON SLAVERY

SPECIAL THANKS TO OUR 16 GUEST SCHOOLS

Bachillerato Alexander Bain, Centro Escolar Cedros, Colegio Arjí, Colegio Bilingüe Madison

from Monterrey, Colegio Buena Tierra de Metepec, Colegio Hebreo Tarbut, Colegio Valle

Americano, Colegio Williams, Instituto Anglo Británico from Monterrey, Instituto

D´Amicis, Instituto La Paz, Instituto María Paredes Alvarado de Alvarado, Instituto

Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores from Monterrey campus Mexico City, Madison

International School, Colegio Peterson, Queen Mary School

ByAlberto Jarillo Romo

The Closing Ceremony of OLINMUN 2018 started with the recognition of Pages, Amnesty International volunteers, and journalists from the Press Corps. Afterward, Miss Maritere Carrera de Verduzco, High School Principal and head of the event, delivered her speech. She quoted John F. Kennedy, “We prefer a World of Law in the age of self-determination than a World of War in the age of mass extermination.” She congratulated Diego Mayén, Oscar Luna and Viviana González for their teamwork and leadership. Miss Maritere also added Olinca’s gratitude towards Fulvio Prian due to his participation as Master of Ceremonies, and Luis Gómez for the 500 Foreign Affairs magazines he brought for each delegate and the schools. Finally, Diego Mayén Bosch described his experience organizing OLINMUN as the most stressful one that he has lived, even though he appreciated the friendship he had consolidated with his undersecretaries Viviana and Oscar, who helped him polish the model. He thanked delegates for debating, with great critical thinking, about topics such as: Domestic Violence, XXI Century Prison Slavery and Modern African Slave Trade. As for the new Secretary General for Olinmun 2019, the one elected was Andrés Osorio Leal!

CLOSING CEREMONY: “THIS IS THE AGE OF SELF-DETERMINATION”

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SEE YOU AT OLINMUN 2019!!!

Andrés Osorio Leal, Diego Mayén BoschDiego Mayén Bosch, Viviana González Delgadillo and Oscar

Luna Palacios.

Oscar Luna, Andrés Osorio, Miss María Teresa Compeán de Carrera, Diego Mayén, Fulvio Prian, Miss Maritere Carrera