voip_conceptos voice ports y dial peers

VOICE PORTS

1 VoIP - JVM2012

IP WAN or PSTN

Voice Port Voice Port

PSTN


IP WAN or PSTN

Voice Port Voice Port Voice Port Voice Port

Telephone to WAN

Telephone to PSTN

PBX to PBX over WAN

FXS

(Analog)

FXO

(Analog)

E&M

(Analog)

T1, E1,

or ISDN

QSIG

(Digital)

T1 or E1 or

ISDN (Digital)

FXS

(Analog)

T1,

E1, or

ISDN

(Digital)

Voice Ports

T1,

E1, or

ISDN

(Digital) 2 VoIP - JVM2012

Signaling Interfaces

WAN or PSTN


PSTN


WAN

Voice Port Serial or T1 Serial or T1 Voice Port

Telephone to WAN

Telephone to PSTN

PBX to PBX over WAN

FXS

FXO

E&M

T1 or E1 or

ISDN

FXS

PBX PBX

T1, E1,

or ISDN

QSIG

(Digital)

T1,

E1, or

ISDN

T1,

E1, or

ISDN

3 VoIP - JVM2012

FXS: Connects directly to end-user equipment such as telephones, fax machines, or modems

FXS

FXO: Used for trunk, or tie line, connections to a PSTN CO or to a PBX that does not support E&M signaling

E&M: Most common form of analog trunk circuit

PSTN FXO FXO

E&M E&M WAN or

PSTN

Analog Voice Ports

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Analog Signaling

– Supervisory signaling

• Loop-start

• Ground-start

– Address signaling

• Pulse

• DTMF (Dual-tone multi-frequency signaling)

– Informational signaling

• Call progress tones

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DTMF Frequencies

Frequencies 1209 1336 1477

697 1 2 3

770 4 5 6

852 7 8 9

941 * 0 #

Network Call Progress Tones

Tone Frequency (Hz) On Off

Dial 350 + 440 Continuous

Busy 480 + 620 0.5 0.5

Ringback, normal 440 + 480 2 4

Ringback, PBX 440 + 480 1 3

Congestion (Toll) 480 + 620 0.2 0.3

Reorder (Local) 480 + 620 0.3 0.2

Receiver off-hook 1400 + 2060 + 2450 + 2600

0.1 0.1

No such number 200 – 400 Continuous, FM = frequency modulation 1 HZ

Analog Voice Ports

– FXS (Loop-Start Signaling, Ground-Start Signaling)

– FXO (Loop-Start Signaling, Ground-Start Signaling)

– E&M (Immediate-Start Signaling, Wink-Start Signaling, Delay-Start Signaling)

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FXS Voice Port Configuration Example

WAN

Voice Port

0/2/0

Router(config)# voice-port 0/2/0

Router(config-voiceport)# signal groundstart

Router(config-voiceport)# cptone GB

Router(config-voiceport)# ring cadence pattern01

Router(config-voiceport)# no shutdown

Liverpool

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Timers and Timing Configuration

– timeouts initial

– timeouts interdigit

– timeouts ringing

– timing digit

– timing interdigit

– timing hookflash-in and hookflash-out

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Timers and Timing Configuration (Cont.)

Router(config)# voice-port 0/1/0 Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts initial 15 Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts interdigit 15 Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts ringing 240 Router(config-voiceport)# timing hookflash-in 500

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Verifying Voice Ports

1. Check for dial tone (FXS only).

2. Check for DTMF tones (FXS only).

3. Use the show voice port command to check the configuration.

4. Use the show voice port command to ensure that the port is enabled.

5. Be sure that the PBX configuration is compatible with the voice port.

6. Check the physical installation of the hardware.

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show Commands

Command Description

show voice port Shows all voice port configurations in detail

show voice port x/y/z Shows one voice port configuration in detail

show voice port summary

Shows all voice port configurations in brief

show voice busyout Shows all voice ports configured as busyout

show voice dsp Shows all DSP statuses

show controller T1 | E1 Shows the operational state of the controller

show voice port • router# show voice port

• Foreign Exchange Station 0/0/0 Slot is 0, Sub-unit is 0, Port is 0

• Type of VoicePort is FXS VIC2-2FXS

• Operation State is DORMANT

• Administrative State is UP

• No Interface Down Failure

• Description is not set

• Noise Regeneration is enabled

• Non Linear Processing is enabled

• Non Linear Mute is disabled

• Non Linear Threshold is -21 dB

• Music On Hold Threshold is Set to -38 dBm

• In Gain is Set to 0 dB

• Out Attenuation is Set to 3 dB

• Echo Cancellation is enabled

• Echo Cancellation NLP mute is disabled

• Echo Cancellation NLP threshold is -21 dB

• Echo Cancel Coverage is set to 64 ms

• Echo Cancel worst case ERL is set to 6 dB

• Playout-delay Mode is set to adaptive

• Playout-delay Nominal is set to 60 ms

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show voice port summary

• router# show voice port summary

• IN OUT

• PORT CH SIG-TYPE ADMIN OPER STATUS STATUS EC

• ========= == ============ ===== ==== ======== ======== ==

• 0/0/0 -- fxs-ls up dorm on-hook idle y

• 0/0/1 -- fxs-ls up dorm on-hook idle y

• 50/0/11 1 efxs up dorm on-hook idle y




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show voice dsp

• router# show voice dsp

• DSP DSP DSPWARE CURR BOOT PAK TX/RX • TYPE NUM CH CODEC VERSION STATE STATE RST AI VOICEPORT TS ABORT PACK

COUNT • ==== === == ======== ======= ===== ======= === == ========= == =====

============ • edsp 001 01 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/11.1 • edsp 002 02 g729r8 p 0.1 IDLE 50/0/11.2 • edsp 003 01 g729r8 p 0.1 IDLE 50/0/12.1 • edsp 004 02 g729r8 p 0.1 IDLE 50/0/12.2

• ----------------------------FLEX VOICE CARD 0 ------------------------------ • *DSP VOICE CHANNELS* • DSP DSP DSPWARE CURR BOOT PAK TX/RX • TYPE NUM CH CODEC VERSION STATE STATE RST AI VOICEPORT TS ABRT PACK

COUNT • ===== === == ======== ======= ===== ======= === == ========= == ====

============ • *DSP SIGNALING CHANNELS* • DSP DSP DSPWARE CURR BOOT PAK TX/RX • TYPE NUM CH CODEC VERSION STATE STATE RST AI VOICEPORT TS ABRT PACK

COUNT • ===== === == ======== ======= ===== ======= === == ========= == ====

============ • C5510 001 01 {flex} 4.4.20 alloc idle 0 0 0/0/0 02 0

35/0 • C5510 001 02 {flex} 4.4.20 alloc idle 0 0 0/0/1 02 0

33/0

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Command Description

test voice port <slot/subunit/port> detector {m-lead | battery-reversal | ring | tip-ground | ring-ground | ring-trip} {on | off | disable}

Used to test detector-related functions on a voice port. Use the <slot/port:ds0-group> variable for digital voice ports.

test voice port <slot/subunit/port> inject-tone {local | network} {1000hz | 2000hz | 200hz | 3000hz | 300hz | 3200hz | 3400hz | 500hz | quiet | disable}

Used to inject a test tone into a voice port. Use the <slot/port:ds0-group> variable for digital voice ports.

test voice port <slot/subunit/port> loopback {local | network | disable}

Used to perform loopback testing on a voice port. Use the <slot/port:ds0-group> variable for digital voice ports.

test voice port <slot/subunit/port> relay {e-lead | loop | ring-ground | battery-reversal | power-denial | ring | tip-ground} {on | off | disable}

Used to test relay-related functions on a voice port. Use the <slot/port:ds0-group> variable for digital voice ports.

test voice port <slot/subunit/port> switch {fax | disable}

Used to force a voice port into fax mode. Use the <slot/port:ds0-group> variable for digital voice ports.

csim start XXXX Used to initiate simulated calls to whichever real-world E.164 number is desired.

test Commands

18

Dial Peers

VoIP - JVM2012

Dial Peers and Call Legs

Packet

Network

Call Leg 1

(POTS dial peer)

Call Leg 4

(POTS dial peer)

Call Leg 2

(VoIP dial peer)

Call Leg 3

(VoIP dial peer)

Source Destination

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End-to-End Calls

Source Destination R1 R2

Originating

Gateway

Terminating

Gateway

Call Leg 1

(POTS Dial

Peer)

R1 Inbound

Call Leg 4

(POTS Dial

Peer)

R2 Outbound

Call Leg 2

(Voice Network

Dial Peer)

R2 Outbound

Call Leg 3

(Voice Network

Dial Peer)

R2 Inbound

POTS Packet

Network POTS

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Types of Dial Peers

– A dial peer is an addressable call endpoint.

– Dial peers establish logical connections, called call legs, to complete an end-to-end call.

– Cisco voice-enabled routers support two types of dial peers:

• POTS dial peers: Define the characteristics of a traditional telephony network connection

• VoIP dial peers: Define the characteristics of a packet network connection

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Dial Peer

VoIP

Telephony Device

Voice-Enabled Router

Voice-Enabled Router

Packet Network

POTS

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POTS Dial Peers

Dial Peer 1

Extention 7777

Router 1

Voice Port

1/0/0

Configuration for Dial Peer 1 on Router 1:

Router# configure terminal

Router(config)# dial-peer voice 1 pots

Router(config-dialpeer)# destination-pattern 7777

Router(config-dialpeer)# port 1/0/0

Router(config-Dialpeer)# end

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VoIP Dial Peers

IP Cloud

Extension 7777 Extension 8888

R1 R2

L0: 10.18.0.1

R1(config)# dial-peer voice 2 voip

R1 (config-dial-peer)# destination pattern 8…

R1(config-dial-peer)# session target ipv4:10.18.0.1

R2(config)# dial-peer voice 2 pots

R2(config-dial-peer)# destination pattern 8…

R2(config-dial-peer)# forward-digits all

R2(config-dial-peer)# port 1/0/0

1/0/0

PBX

Extension 7777 is calling 8888

24 VoIP - JVM2012

Common Destination-Pattern Options + (Optional) Character indicating an E.164 standard number.

string

Series of digits that specify a pattern for the E.164 or private dialing plan telephone number. Valid entries are the digits 0 through 9, the letters A through D, and the following special characters:

The asterisk (*) and pound sign (#) that appear on standard touch-tone dial pads.

Comma (,), which inserts a pause between digits.

Period (.), which matches any entered digit (this character is used as a wildcard).

Percent sign (%), which indicates that the preceding digit occurred zero or more times; similar to the wildcard usage.

Plus sign (+), which indicates that the preceding digit occurred one or more times.

Circumflex (^), which indicates a match to the beginning of the string.

Dollar sign ($), which matches the null string at the end of the input string.

Backslash symbol (\), which is followed by a single character, and matches that character. Can be used with a single character with no other significance (matching that character).

Question mark (?), which indicates that the preceding digit occurred either zero times or one time.

Brackets ([ ]) indicate a range.

Parentheses (( )), which indicate a pattern.

T (Optional) Control character indicating that the value is a variable-length dial string. Using this control character enables the router to wait until all digits are received before routing the call.

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Matching Inbound Dial Peers

• Configurable parameters used for matching inbound dial peers: – incoming called-number: Defines the called number

or DNIS string – answer-address: Defines the originating calling

number or ANI string – destination-pattern: Uses the calling number

(originating or ANI string) to match the incoming call leg to an inbound dial peer

– Port: Attempts to match the configured dial-peer port to the voice port that is associated with the incoming call (POTS dial peers only)

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Default Dial Peer 0

IP Cloud


10.18.0.2

dial-peer voice 1 pots

destination 7777

port 1/0/0

dial-peer voice 2 voip

destination-pattern 8888

session target ipv4:10.18.0.2

1/0/0

Dial Peer 1 Dial Peer 2


destination 8888

port 1/1/0

1/1/0

When extension 7777 calls extension 8888, there is no dial peer on router 2

with destination pattern 7777 to match the incoming call leg. Router 2 matches

the default dial peer 0.

R1 R2

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Default Dial Peer 0

IP Cloud


10.18.0.2


destination 7777

port 1/0/0




1/0/0

Dial Peer 1 Dial Peer 2


destination 8888

port 1/1/0




1/1/0

R1 R2

10.18.0.1

28 VoIP - JVM2012

voip_conceptos voice ports y dial peers

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