Vocabulary Ch 9-1 Classical Europe

Classical – relate to ancient Greek and Roman

Polis – Greek term (city-state)

Democracy – citizens choose nations leaders by voting(Direct rule of the people)

Philosophy – from Greek “love of wisdom

Republic – strong national gov’t headed by elected leaders

Consuls – elected chief official of Roman republic

Senate – supreme council of ancient Roman Republic

Emperor – absolute ruler of an empire

Vocabulary Ch 9-2 Medieval Europe

Bishop – official of Christian Church

Pope – Head of Roman Catholic Church

Missionary-Teacher of Christianity

Monastery-Place where monks live, pray, and study

Convent-Place where nuns live, pray, and study

Common Law-Unwritten set of laws based on local customs

Feudalism-Political and social system in which a lord gave land to a noble to work, govern, and

defend, in return for the nobles loyalty

Medieval political and social system

Vassal-Noble in medieval society who swore loyalty to a lord in return

for land

Manor-Feudal estate made up of a manor house or castle and land

The feudal estate and basic economic unit

Serf-Peasant laborer

Tenant-Farmer or others who pays rent to another for use of land or property

Guild-Medieval workers’ organization

Apprentice-Young worker who learned a trade or skill from a

master teacher

Charter-Written agreement guaranteeing privileges and freedoms

Ch 9-3 The Beginning of Modern Time

Indulgences – pardons for sins, given or sold by Catholic Church

Protestant – person who “protested” Catholic practices

Reform – to improve by changing

Columbian Exchange – people disease, ideas & trade distributed around world

Revolution - great & often violent change

Divine Right of Kings – belief that royalty ruled by will of God

Parliament – supreme legislative body in UK & other countries

Constitution – formal agreement that establishes basis for country’s laws

Guided Reading 9-1Word Bank

• Classical Greece• Polis• Democracy• Athens• Philosophy• Socrates • Plato• Aristotle• Sparta• Alexander the Great• Alexandria• Culture• City state• Peloponnesian War

• Rome• Italian Peninsula• Republic• Consuls• Senate• Roman Law• Land owners• Twelve Tables• Roman Empire• Caesar Augustus• Pax Romana• Christianity• Germanic Peoples• Eastern Roman Empire