VISUALISING SOLID SHAPES

WHAT ARE SHAPESA shape is the form of an object or its external boundary, outline, or external surface, as opposed to other properties such as color, texture, or material composition.

Psychologists have theorized that humans mentally break down images into simple geometric shapes called geons.[1] Examples of geons include cones and spheres.

Contents1. 2D shapes

2. 3D shapes

3. Regular shapes

4. Irregular shapes

5. Map

2d SHAPES2D shapes can be summarized by calling them flatshapes. Any shape that can be laid flat on a piece of paper or any mathematical plane is a 2D shape. As a child, your first drawings probably used basic shapes, such as squares, triangles, and circles.

Examples of 2d shapesPOLYGON

QUADRILATERALS

CIRCLE

TRIANGLE

SQUARE

RECTANGLE

PENTAGON

HEXAGON

OCTAGON

MATCH THE FOLLOWING1.QUADRILATERALS

2.CIRCLE

3.TRIANGLE

4.SQUARE

5.RECTANGLE

6.PENTAGON

7.HEXAGON

8.OCTAGON

These shapes are solid or hollow.

• They have three dimensions – length, width and height.

Examples of 2d shapesCube

Cuboid

Sphere

Cone

Cylinder

Square Base Pyramid

Match the following

Cube

Cuboid

Sphere

Cone

Cylinder

Square Base Pyramid

Irregular shapes are two dimension structure which lies in a plane. These shapes will not have all sides equal and all angles equal. Irregular shape is denoted as when all the sides of the shapes having different length and the value of angles should not be same for all the angles. For better understanding we should know the difference between regular and irregular shapes. Regular shapes have equal angles and equal sides for example regular hexagonal, regular pentagon etc.

Examples

Regular shapes have equal angles and equal sides. For example regular hexagonal, regular pentagon etc. Below are some examples of regular and irregular shapes: Regular Shapes: Above shapes, triangle,square, pentagon and hexagon, having same sidesand same angles.

ExamplesSquare

Regular hexagon

Regular pentagon

Regular octagon

Equilateral triangle

Rhombus

Match The FollowingSquare

Regular hexagon

Regular pentagon

Regular octagon

Equilateral triangle

A map is a visual representation of an entire area or a part of an area, typically represented on a flat surface. The work of a map is to illustrate specific and detailed features of a particular area, most frequently used to illustrate geography. There are many kinds of maps; static, two-dimensional, three-dimensional, dynamic and even interactive. Maps attempt to represent various things, like political boundaries, physical features, roads, topography, population, climates, natural resources and economic activities.

Map Images

Worksheet Fill in the blanks:

1. A pentagonal prism has ______ faces, ______ edges and _____ vertices.

2. Give two basic differences between a prism and a pyramid.

3. How many edges are there in a cuboid?

4. What are regular polyhedrons?

5. Give two basic differences between a prism and a pyramid.

State true or false

1. In a map, places that are far & those that are near, will be of the same size to an observer.

2. If we add the dimension ‘height’ to a rectangle(with certain length & breadth),we obtain a cuboid.

Answers 1. Faces: 7, Edges: 15, Vertices: 102. A Prism is a polyhedron in which the base & top are regular polygons; whereas a pyramid is a polyhedron in which the base is a polygon. b. In a prism the lateral surfaces are parallelograms; whereas in a pyramid, the lateral surfaces are triangles. 3. 12 4. A polyhedron is said to be regular if its faces are made up of regular polygons and the same number of faces meet a vertex. 5. A Prism is a polyhedron in which the base and top are congruent polygons; whereas a pyramid is a polyhedron in which the base is a polygon. b. In a prism the lateral faces are parallelograms; whereas in a pyramid, the lateral surfaces are triangles with a common vertex.

True--False1. True 2. True