visual dictionary final
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Visual Dictionary
Air Barrier Paper
• Can also be called air/vapor barrier, or AVP, which is a sheet material used as both a vapor retarder and an air barrier
Attic Ventilation
• Is needed to allow water vapor to escape, and prevent solar heat from collecting in the attic
Soffit Vent
Roof TurbineGable Vent
Ridge Vent
Backhoe
• An excavator whose shovel bucket is attached to a hinged boom and is drawn backward to move earth
• Can be used to excavate for footings and piping.
24” bucket
Batter Boards
• Are temporary frames built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation.
Brick arches
Parabolic ArchArch with Keystone Parabolic Arch
Brick BondsHeader
Sailor
Soldier
Rowlock
Running Bond: All Stretchers
Common Bond: Courses of Stretchers with every 6th course being a header course
Brick Sizes
Modular Brick: W: 3 ½ “L: 7 ½ “H: 2 ¼ “
Bulldozer
A large powerful tractor equipped with a large blade in front flattens areas of ground and used for rough sitework on a job site.
CladdingWood Shake
EFIS
Wood Board Clad
Brick Clad
Stone Clad
Code Requirements: WindowCode Requirements: Minimum opening- 5.7 square feet, minimum width- 20”, minimum height- 24”, and no higher than 44” AFF
Dimensions of Window Studied: Opening- 6.87 square feet, width- 20”, height 49 ½”, 42 ½”
This window meets the required code.
Code Requirements: Stairs
Code Requirements: Maximum Rise- 7 ½” and Minimum run (tread)- 10”
Dimensions of Stair Studied: Riser- 7 ½” and Tread-10 ¼”
These Stairs meet required code.
Concrete Joints: Control Joints
• Are used to control cracking in poured cement
• Can be saw cut, tooled, or have and insert
Concrete Joints: Isolation Joints
• Separate different slabs and reduce stress by movement
Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)
8x8x16 4x8x16
CMU is typically 8x8x16 andcan be used in load bearing walls. It has great compressive strength which makes it goodfor foundation walls.
DoorsTransom
Sidlight
Panel Door
Panel
Top Rail
Bottom Rail
Lock Rail
Stile
Flush Door
Electrical Components
Electrical Meter: Measures the amount of energy consumed by the residence
Power Pole with Transformer: Converts energy from one circuit to another
Framing Elements
#1 Anchor Bolt
#11 Sheathing #6 Stud
#9 Rafter
#3 Floor Joist
#4 Sub Floor
#12 Stringer
#2 Sill Plate
#5 Sole Plate (Not Pictured)
#7 Top Plate
#8 Ceiling Joist (Not Pictured)
#10 Roof Decking (Not Pictured)
Front End Loader
• An earthmoving machine with a hydraulic scoop in front for lifting and loading earth or rubble.
• It differs from both the backhoe and bulldozer in that can transport materials such as dirt and gravel
Gypsum Board
• Is an interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces; also called drywall or plasterboard.
Insulation
Foamed
Rigid Board
Loose Fill
Blanket or Batt
Used mostly between studs and are either faced or unfaced
Used mostly in attic floors
Used in cavities and gives the best performance
Used where insulation thickness is limited
Lintel
• Is a beam that carries the load of a wall across a window or door opening
Mortar
Concave Mortar Joint: Tooled¾ ” used on a single familydetached house; most likelyType N
Flush Mortar Joint: Troweled¾ ” used on a single familydetached house; most likelyType N
Oriented Strand Board (OSB)
• Is a non-veneered panel product composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure.
Plumbing
Water Closet: Drain 3” Piping
Manufactured tub installed before drywall
Plumbing Roof Vent: allows air to enter the drainage system and for sewer gas to escape
Drop-In Sink
Plywood
• Is a wood panel product composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure.
• Veneer- any of the thin layers glued together to make plywood
Rebar
The rebar is half an inch in diameter which would make it a number 4. The deformations serve to aid the concrete to better grip the bar
Steep Roof Drainage
Gutter: catches the runoff from the roof and directs it to the downspout.
Downspout: Directs the water towards the ground Splash block: Directs
the runoff away from the building
Steep Roof Materials
Underlayment: is attached to the sheathing and provides extra weather protection
Clay Tile Roof
Metal Panel Roof: Typically galvanized or aluminized steel
Wood Shingle Roof: a shingle is a thin piece of material layered in overlapping rows
Steep Roof ShapesMansard Roof
Hip Roof
Gambrel Roof
Gabel Roof
Steep Roof TermsRidge: level intersections of roof planes at their highest point
Valley: the sloping intersection of two roof planes that water drains towards
Rake: the sloping edge of the roof
Eave: the level, low edge of the roof
Fascia: the exposed vertical face of an eave
Soffit: the undersurface of a horizontal element of a building
Steep Roof Terms Continued
Building without a fascia, or the exposed vertical face of an eave
Stone
Coursed Rubble Random Rubble Coursed Ashlar
Vapor Retarder
A layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through the building assembly. It is most commonly put on the warm side of insulation during winter
Waterproofing
This is liquid applied waterproofing. It is an impervious membrane applied to the outside of a foundation
Weep Hole
• Is a small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or assembly.
Windows
Double Hung: has two overlapping sashes that move vertically in tracks
Fixed: glass immovably mounted in the wall
Casement: a window that pivots on an axis an or near the vertical edge of the sash