vision hearing other senses perception 1 perception 2
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Vision
Hearing
Other Senses
Perception 1
Perception 2
Anything!
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Vision Hearing Other Senses Perception 1 Perception 2 Anything!
Part of eye that stretches or thickens depending on how far away an object is
lens
What does the length of a light wave tell us?
What does the height (amplitude) of a light wave tell us?
Length: Color
Height: Brightness
Place where your vision is the best
fovea
Explain how your pupil and iris work together
Work together to determine how much light enters the eye – Iris expands when dark, contracts when bright
Name the three layers of cells that make up the retina (in order!)
Receptor cells (rods and cones)
Bipolar cells
Ganglion cells
Main organ of your ear
cochlea
What does the frequency of a sound wave indicate?
Height (amplitude)?
Frequency: pitch
Height: loudness
Name the parts of the outer ear
Auditory canal, tympanic membrane
What are the names of the three bones in your ear?
Bones of your middle ear; hammer, anvil, stirrup
Your receptor cells in your ears are called….
Hair cells
Taste and smell are what kind of senses?
chemical
Taste and smell combine to make...
flavor
The smell center of your brain is…
Olfactory Bulb
Name the four basic senses your skin
receptor cells can detect
Pain, warmth, cold, and pressure
Name your 2 body senses and what they control
Kinesthetic sense: provides information on your body’s position and movement
Vestibular: provides info about your overall orientation
What type of processing does perception use?
Top-down
What is a figure ground relationship?
Our brains organize our visual field into objects (the figure) that stand out from their surroundings (the ground)
Name the Gestalt grouping principles
Similarity, proximity, closure, continuity
What is a visual cliff and why is it used?
Laboratory device used to test depth in infants; Depth perception is inborn to some extent
Name and explain your 2 binocular depth cues
Retinal Disparity: depth cue that results because of different images on retinas
Convergence: eye muscle tension
What are illusions and why do we use them?
Misinterpreting sensory stimuli
Helps us understand how sensation and perception normally work
Name and explain 3 monocular depth cues
relative size; motion parallax; interposition; relative height; texture gradient; relative clarity, linear perspective
Explain the illusion of stroboscopic motion
Quickly viewing a series of slightly different images
Explain the phi phenomenon
Creates the illusion of movement when lights are turned off and on in a sequence
What is the gate-control theory of pain?
Neurological gate in spinal cord controls the amount of pain we feel
What is an absolute threshold?
Minimum amount of stimulation a person can normally detect
What is sensory adaptation and give an example
When we filter out the unchanging aspects of our environment
What is selective attention?
Ability to focus on one stimulus
What is perceptual constancy?
Perceiving the size, shape, and lightness of an object as unchanging, even as the retinal images of the object changes
What are the functions of the cornea?
Focus light by bending it and protects eye