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BacterialDiseasesESCHERICHIACOLIINFECTIONSSALMONELLOSESPARATYPHOIDINFECTIONSFOWLCHOLERARIEMERELLAANATIPESTIFERINFECTIONSMYCOPLASMANECROTICENTERITISCHOLANGIOHEPATITISINBROILERCHICKENSGANGRENOUSDERMATITISBOTULISMAVIANTUBERCULOSIS

ViralDiseasesVIRALINCLUSIONBODYHEPATITISHAEMORRHAGICENTERITISOFTURKEYSEGGDROPSYNDROME1976ADENOVIRUSGROUPIASSOCIATEDINFECTIONSINFECTIOUSBURSALDISEASE(GUMBORO)INFECTIOUSBRONCHITIS(IB)LARYNGOTRACHEITISSWOLLENHEADSYNDROMEINFECTIOUSENCEPHALOMYELITISNEWCASTLEDISEASEFOWLPOXREOVIRUSINFECTIONS

NeoplasticDiseasesinPoultryVIRUSINDUCEDNEOPLASTICDISEASESMAREK'SDISEASELYMPHOIDLEUKOSISMYELOCYTOMATOSISERYTHROBLASTOSISADENOCARCINOMATOSIS

ParasiticDiseasesCOCCIDIOSISHISTOMONOSISASCARIDIOSISRAILLIETINOSISKNEMIDOKOPTOSIS

MycosesandMycotoxicosesASPERGILLOSISASPERGILLUSGRANULOMATOUSDERMATITISAFLATOXICOSISCANDIDIASISFUSARIOTOXICOSES

DeficiencyDiseasesVITAMINB2DEFICIENCYVITAMINBiDEFICIENCYVITAMINEDEFICIENCYFATTYLIVERHAEMORRHAGICSYNDROMESLIPPEDTENDON(PEROSIS)

OtherPULMONARYHYPERTENSION(ASCITIS)SYNDROMEINBROILERCHICKENSAMYLOIDOSISDEEPPECTORALMYOPATHYRUPTUREOFTHEGASTROCNEMIUSTENDONINBROILERBREEDERSCAGELAYERFATIGUEDYSCHONDROPLASIATHYPERKERATOSIS

VIRUSINDUCEDNEOPLASTICDISEASESMAREK'SDISEASE

279.280.281.Acute (visceral) form.It is characterized by diffuse or nodularlymphomatous lesions in various viscera (liver, spleen, heart, kidneys, lungs,gonads, proventriculus, pancreas etc.), the skeletal muscles and the skin. MDaffects mainly hens, and is rarely observed in turkeys. It is most commonlyencounteredinbirdsattheageof89weeksandinlayerhens.Thecasesattheageof1620and2430weeksarepredominant.MDisprevalentallaroundtheworldandinfact,allflocksareexposedtotheeffectoftheaetiologicalfactor.

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DiseasesofPoultryByIvanDinev,DVM,PhD

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11/03/2015 VIRUSINDUCEDNEOPLASTICDISEASESMAREK'SDISEASEDiseasesofPoultryThePoultrySite

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GOUTHYPERANDROGENISMINBROILERCHICKENSEFFECTOFSTICKYWILLY(GALIUMAPARINE)SEEDSONHEALTHYSTATUSANDPRODUCTIONTRAITSINBROILERCHICKENSGIZZARDIMPACTIONINTURKEYPOULTSROUNDHEARTINTURKEYS(DILATEDCARDIOMYOPATHY)ACUTESELENIUMINTOXICATIONACUTEPROPANEBUTANEINTOXICATIONSPONTANEOUSRUPTUREOFTHECAUDIALRENALARTERYINTURKEYSSUBCUTANEOUSEMPHYSEMAGASTROINTESTINALIMPACTIONMALFORMATIONS

282.Diffuselymphomatousgrowthsintheheart,resultinginitstransformationintoanamorphoustumourousmass.

283.Bilateralenlargementofkidneysbecauseofadiffuselymphoidcellproliferation.

284.NeoplasticallymodifiedrightlunginMD.

285.Typicalcauliflowerlikeappearanceoftheovary,distinctiveforMD.

286.Marked asymmetry of testes on a cock following unilateral lymphoid cellproliferation.

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11/03/2015 VIRUSINDUCEDNEOPLASTICDISEASESMAREK'SDISEASEDiseasesofPoultryThePoultrySite

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287.Diffuseneoplasticgrowthsaffectingthepancreas.

288.289.Themanifoldenlargedproventriculuswiththeshapeofaroundbottomflask(288)resultofdiffuseneoplasticgrowthandtheseverelynarrowedlumen(289)areatypical finding in MD. The causative agent of MD is a type B cell associatedherpesvirus (MDV).Thereare threeMDVserotypes.The isolatesof serotype1arewidelydistributedamonghensandvaryfromhighlyvirulent(w+)oncogenictoalmostavirulent strains. The serotype 2 is common for hens and is not oncogenic. Theisolates of serotype 3, known also as turkey herpesviruses (HVT) are naturallyoccurring in turkeys and are nononcogenic. The three serotypes possess asignificantcrossreactivity.

290.MulticentricMDtumours(arrows)prominatingorseenthroughthesuperficialanddeeppectoralmuscles.

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291.292.Chronic (classical) form. It is ecountered as neural type (fowl paralysis) orocular type (ocular lymphomatosis). Clinically, the neural for is manifested withparalysisoflimbs.

293.294.Pathoanatomically, unilateral or bilateral thickening of affected nerves,mainlydiffuseandatavariousextent,isobserved.

295.The ocular form is characterized with iris depigmentation, deformation of thepupil,sometimesopacityofthecorneaandblindness.

296.Histologically, pleiomorphic lymphoid cell proliferations in affected viscera,nervesoreyesareobserved.TheMarek'sdiseaseisprobableprovidedthatat leastone of the next conditions is present: peripheral nerves augmentation,depigmentation of the iris or irregularlyshaped pupil lymphoid tumours in variousorgans inbirdsyounger than16weekspresenceofvisceral tumours inbirdsat theageof16weeksandoldersimultaneouslackofalterationsinthebursaofFabricius.

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297.MicroscopicalviewoflesionsinaperipheralnerveconsequenttoMD.

298.Lymphoidcellproliferations in the irisandtheciliarymuscles in theocular formof MD. Three classes of viruses are able to protect fowl from MD: attenuatedserotype 1 ofMDVcell associated vaccinesHVT could be used for preparation ofcellfree lyophilized vaccines naturally apathogenic isolates of serotype 2 cellassociated vaccines. The vaccines against MD provide over 90% protection. HVTgivesexcellentresultsbutincaseoffailure,abivalentvaccinecouldbeused.

299.Transient paralysis. They are observed in chickens and hens, especially nonvaccinatedagainstMD.Mostcasespresenttheclassicalformmanifestedbyflaccidparalysis of the neck and legs for 143 days followed by complete recovery. Thesyndrome has to be differentiated from the neural form of MD on the basis of itstransientnatureandtheflaccid,butnotspasticparalysis.

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